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1

2.1. ă܊ m܊܊ie de H2SO4 ܈

ă܊3 ă܊܊

moleum1= 50 g

Ȧ1(SO3) = 18% = 0,18

msol.1 (H2SO4)= 50g

Ȧ(H2SO4) = 60% = 0,60

Ȧ2(SO3)=20%=0,20

Ȧfin.( H2SO4) =98%=0,98

Rezolvare:

܊ine 18% SO3֜

9g; m1(H2SO4)=50g-9g= 41g

܊2SO4 ܊ine 60% H2SO4֜

m(H2SO4)= 0,60·50g= 30g; m(H2O)=50g-30g= 20g

La ameste܊2SO4 ܊

dintre ap܈܊ moleum2= ?

9g 20g x

SO3 + H2O = H2SO4

80 g 18g 98g ֜

Fă3ăx=9g·98g/80g = 11,025g ; m(H2SO4)format= 11,025g ܊I ܊ăă܊de acid sulfuric are masa: msol.I܊܈ m(H2SO4)= m(H2SO4)oleum1+ m(H2SO4)sol.+m(H2SO4)format= 41g+30g+11,025g=82,025g m(H2܊ Notam cu a=moleum2 , m(SO3)oleum2=Ȧā moleum2=0,2a; m(H2SO4)oleum 2=a-0,2a=0,8a msol.I= 100g m(H2SO4)=82,025g m(H2O)=17,975g moleum2= a m(H2SO4)oleum 2=0,8a m(SO3)oleum2=0,2a msol.fin= 100+a S܊I oleum 2 Sol܊ m(H2SO4)fin.= m(H2SO4)sol.I+ m(H2SO4)oleum2+m(H2SO4)format.

0,2a m(H2SO4)format.

SO3 + H2O = H2SO4

80 g 98g ֜

଼଴=0,245a mfin.(H2SO4)= m(H2SO4)sol.I+ m(H2SO4)oleum2+m(H2SO4)format =82,025g+0,8a+0,245a=82,025g+1,045a ଵ଴଴ା௔ =0,98

0,98(100+a)=82,025+1,045a ֜

98-82,025=(1,045-0,98)a ֜

ăde oleum de 20% SO3 necesară

2

2.2. ă (I) cu masa de 5,2 g s-a

܊ de 20% ȡ܈Ġă܊

m(Fe(NO3)2+AgNO3)=5,2 g

V(amestec gazos)=1,26 L

t=20°C, p= 1atm

Ȧ(KOH) = 20% = 0,2

ȡsol.(KOH)=1,176 g/mL

Vsol.(KOH)=20 mL

Rezolvare:

La calcinarea ܊ ܊

t

4Fe(NO3)2 2Fe2O3 + 8NO2 + O2

t

2AgNO3 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2

܊2 ܈2܊

4NO2 + O2 + 4KOH = 4KNO3 + 2H2O (ec.1) sau

2NO2 + 2KOH = KNO3 + KNO2 (ec.2)

Ȧ(Fe(NO3)2)Ȧ3) - ?

1) ă܊

R=0,082 L·atm/molK

2) Fie a = (Fe(NO3)2), b = (AgNO3).

a ȣ1 ȣ2 t

4Fe(NO3)2 2Fe2O3 + 8NO2 + O2

4mol 8mol 1mol ֜

b ȣ3 ȣ4 t

2AgNO3 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2

2mol 2mol 1mol ֜

ȣ1 ȣ2 ȣ3 ȣ4 = 0,0524 mol; 2a+0,5a + b +0,5b= 2,5a +1,5b = 0,0524 mol m(Fe(NO3)2 ȣāa·180; m(AgNO3ȣāb·170; ֜ Întroducem expresia (I) în expresia (II܊܈a+170(0,035-1,67a)=5,2 ֜ m(Fe(NO3)2 = a·180=1,30 g; m(AgNO3)=5,2 g 1,3g = 3,90 g Ȧ3)2= 1,314g: 5,2 g=0,2527 = 25,27ȦAgNO3)=74,73% b=0,035-1,67a =0,035-0,012=0,023 mol ȣ2ȣ1 ȣ3 =2a+b= 0,0376 molȣ2)= ȣ ȣ2) = 0,0524 mol -0,0376 mol =0,0148 mol

0,0376 mol 0,0148 mol

4NO2 + O2 + 4KOH = 4KNO3 + 2H2O

4mol 1mol

ଵ௠௢௟܊ ֜1)܊ă܊ msol.ȡsol.·Vsol.= 1,176 g/mL·20 mL=23,52 g; m(KOHȦsol.·msol.= 0,2·23,52 g=4,704 g;

0,0376 mol 0,084 mol

4NO2 + O2 + 4KOH = 4KNO3 + 2H2O

4mol 4mol

ସ௠௢௟֜ KOH es܊ă܊3 ܈ 3

0,0376 mol y x x

4NO2 + O2 + 4KOH = 4KNO3 + 2H2O

4mol 1mol 4mol 4 mol 2 mol

ȣexces= 0,084 mol ȣāā

m(KNO3ȣā376 mol·101 g/mol =3,8 g. msol.fin.= msol.(KOH)+m(NO2)+m(O2)܊ m(NO2)= ȣāā m(O2)܊ = ȣāȣ2)܊ m(O2)܊ msol.fin.= msol.(KOH)+m(NO2)+m(O2)܊ Ȧ3)=m(KNO3)/msol.fin.=3,8g:25,55g = 0,1484 = 14,84% ȦH)=m(KOH)/msol.fin.=2,6g:25,55g = 0,1018 = 10,18%

ă: ܊ă܊ Fe(NO3)2 ܈

܊ ă܊3 ܈

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