Odds Ratio, Hazard Ratio and Relative Risk
Odds Ratio, Hazard Ratio and Relative Risk Janez Stare1 Delphine Maucort-Boulch2 Abstract Odds ratio (OR) is a statistic commonly encountered in professional or scientific medical literature Most readers perceive it as relative risk (RR), although most of them do not know why that would be true But since such perception is mostly
Point Estimation: Odds Ratios, Hazard Ratios/Rates, Risk
Sometimes, we see the log odds ratio instead of the odds ratio The log OR comparing women to men is log(1 44) = 0 36 The log OR comparing men to women is log(0 69) = -0 36 log OR > 0: increased risk log OR = 0: no difference in risk log OR < 0: decreased risk Odds Ratio 0 5 10 15 20 More on the Odds Ratio Log Odds Ratio-4 -2 0 2 4
The hazard ratio is interpretable as an odds or a probability
The hazard ratio is interpretable as an odds or a probability under the assumption of proportional hazards David M Thompson J E Reid Three statistical studies, all published between 2004 and 2008 but without referring to one another, assert a useful equivalence involving the hazard ratio, a parameter estimated for time to
Interpreting risks and ratios in therapy trials
The odds ratio is gradually losing favour as a measure of treatment effect4, particularly as data from which relative risk is derived can also be used to calculate absolute risk reduction and number needed to treat, which are more clinically useful Hazard ratio Hazard ratio is a measure of relative risk over time in
Understanding Relative Risk, Odds Ratio, and Related Terms
in a control group The odds ratio (OR) is the odds of an event in an experimental group relative to that in a control group An RR or OR of 1 00 indicates that the risk is comparable in the two groups A value greater than 1 00 indicates increased risk; a value lower than 1 00 indicates decreased risk The 95 confidence intervals and statistical
RELATIVE RISK, ODDS RATIO, ATTRIBUTABLE RISK AND NUMBER
biochemical parameter and embolus-to-blood ratio for Doppler are examples Epidemiologists use sex ratio and dependency ratio In all ratios, the two items under comparison are different entities, and none is part of the other RISK AND HAZARD In general conversation, risk and odds are used interchangeably
16: Risk Ratios
Interpretation: The risk ratio of 4 99 (about 5) indicates that risk in the exposed group is 5-times that of the non-exposed group The segment of the risk ratio above (or below) 1 quantifies the relative increase (or decrease) in risk associated with exposure For example, the risk ratio of 5 reveals a 5 1 00 = 400(100 ) =
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