[PDF] TRAFFICKINGINHUMAN BEINGS INCONFLICTANDPOST 6CONFLICT SITUATION

Bank of Canada Banking and Financial Statistics - June 2015

Banking and Financial Statistics June 2015 Statistiques bancaires et financières Juin 2015 S2 D Other financial institutions S39 D1† Trust and mortgage loan companies excluding bank trust and mortgage subsidiaries: Quarterly statement of estimated assets and liabilities D2† Local credit unions and caisses populaires: Quarterly statement

Streamlined and consolidated text - UNFCCC

TRAFFICKINGINHUMAN BEINGS INCONFLICTANDPOST 6CONFLICT SITUATION

7" " or presence of vulnerable groups," such as children without a family guardian," unaccompaniedwomenorpersecutedminorities "

JUNE 2 5 JUIN, 2015

Jun 25, 2015 · JUNE 2 5 JUIN, 2015 Xirector J Directeur Business Corporations Act / Loi sur les sociStes par actions Form 3 Business Corporations Act Formule 3 Loi sur les societes par actions ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT STATUTS DE MODIFICATION 1 The name of the corporation is: (Set out in BLOCK CAPITAL LETTERS)

REPORTS OF JUDGMENTS AND DECISIONS RECUEIL DES ARRÊTS ET

2015-IV aOLF LEGAL PUBLISHERS Khoroshenko c Russie [GC], no 41418/04, arrêt du 30 juin 2015 395 Subject matter/Objet des affaires Article 1

Circulaire PIC XLI – juin 2015

1 Circulaire PIC XLI (Juin 2015) INTRODUCTION 1 OBJET DE LA CIRCULAIRE PIC La Convention de Rotterdam concernant la procédure de consentement préalable en connaissance de cause applicable à certains produits chimiques dangereux faisant l’objet d’un commerce international est entrée en vigueur le 24 février 2004

start-up

70 n° 347 juin 2015 / Alternatives Economiques plan doit être ambitieux mais ré-aliste, l’idée étant que la société puisse atteindre plusieurs dizaines de millions d’euros de chiffre d’af-faires au bout de cinq-six ans » L’actionnaire d’une start-up ne s’attend pas à toucher chaque an - née un dividende Il se rémunère

Fiches de suivi des activités du projet - Juin 2015

Les fiches décrites dans ce document, reflètent la situation du projet au 15 juin 2015 Les activités sont classées par composante D¶autres activités transversales sont décrites dans le dernier chapitre du document

Le Vignolant - WordPresscom

Enfi n, en automne 2015, l’OVPT fera une campagne promotionnelle sur le Pinot Noir, le troisième vin spécifi que du canton de Neuchâtel Le vignoble neuchâtelois avec ses sols caillouteux et calcaires offre au pinot noir une terre de prédilection historiquement, le pinot noir est connu de très longue date en Bourgogne

Windows 7 and USB 30 driver installation for 100 Series and

Windows® 7 and USB 3 0 driver installation for 100 Series and Braswell platform 3 7 Select the ODD as the boot device 8 The USB 3 0 driver will be loaded automatically during installation startup

[PDF] 25 Karat Goldrausch 2015

[PDF] 25 KG - GASCO - France

[PDF] 25 kg...5 t - Anciens Et Réunions

[PDF] 25 LA ROCHELLE Escapade Citadine - Anciens Et Réunions

[PDF] 25 logiciels de contrôle parental testés par Action Innocence

[PDF] 25 lycées - Fondation Paris

[PDF] 25 MâCON TGV VILLEFRANChE - Anciens Et Réunions

[PDF] 25 mai 2012 20h30 Salle des Ursulines Lannion - Anciens Et Réunions

[PDF] 25 MAI 2014 - Parti Populaire

[PDF] 25 mars 2013 - Cercle d`Histoire de l`Art et d`Archéologie

[PDF] 25 mars jubilé Père Jean-Gabriel

[PDF] 25 mètres - Anciens Et Réunions

[PDF] 25 millions pour le nouveau Coop Brico+Loisirs - Conception

[PDF] 25 n 26 n 27 mai 2016 - Salon de la prescription

[PDF] 25 octobre 2010 - black belt watch - Anciens Et Réunions

1

TRAFFICKINGINHUMANBEINGS

IN

CONFLICTANDPOST-CONFLICT

SITUATION

H J

UNE2015-PROGRESSREPORT

CONTCESOxExCOecuCeTNtiS

ettOvNiCTtOSmS axixrNyrxSt.CE5SS

PxetsOESCTct.NnsxS

CONTCESoOCiexS

S fxExCOecxvSS

CivShONTTxi

mSS

6.NrNxOSRxlOtsb

2 c 3

CONTENTS

Research

PARTI:Traffickingincountriesinconflict

Abductionofwomenforthe

Traffickinginorgans

4

Riskofteenageenlistment

5

EXECUTIVESUMMARY

andpost

EARLYANDFORCEDMAR

RIAGEFORTHEPURPOS

ESOFEXPLOITATION

groupsfrom their families,or near border areas,for the purposes of sexual slavery. the risks. Whatever the religion invo lved, the dowry system is regularly corrupted and type of exploitation ,or evenforseveral types of exploitation at once. They turn into domesticexploitation,sexu bondage ,allofwhichcan in cludebeingforcedtocommitoffences.

ECONOMICEXPLOITATION

Thistypeofexploitation

Th equasi ortheabsenceofstatus exploitation can generate other forms of exploitation, such as drug running, sexual exploitation, debt bondage, etc. This leads us to advocatefor theestablishmentofa undeclaredwork.

USEOFCHILDREN

requires unqualified labour: agriculture, street vendors, shoe-shiners, construction, shop salespeople,etc.Thereport 1 not worked in Iraq and 59% had completed at least elementary schooling. While this ininformal 1 6

VULNERABLEMINORITIES

Thepost

ofthebelligerents.Inthepost threatened.Thesemino ,morethan15 called greyactivities research tends to prove the opposite. Migrant smuggling can be a stepping stone to traffickinginhumanbeings.Manypeo ,IsswiNi0awcaxciMscIssNIhMc

RELEVANCE

estakeholderstaskedwith people fleeing conflicts, whether by international organisations, States or civil society, 7 or presence of vulnerable grou ps, such as children without a family guardian, A ,becauseoftheproliferationof which result in an unprecedented number of displaced people and refugees, human trafficking and exploitation would appear to be increasingly in the forefront. Failure to address these issuescan result in thepermanent entrenchment of thisphenomenon in actionaimsto insightsintotraffickinginconflictandpost canputforwardthesolutionsbests uitedtothesituationsinthefield.

OBJECTIVES

andd 8

DEFINITIONS

TRAFFICKINGINHUMANBEINGS

S "ForthepurposesofthisProtocol: tionofvulnerabilityorof ionofothersor slavery,servitudeortheremovaloforgans; subparagraph (a) of this article shall be irrelevant where any of the means set forth in subparagraph(a)havebeenused; (d)"Child"shallmeananypers onundereighteenyearsofage." onthisdefinitioninitsParagraph11: thisDirectiveadoptsabroadercon beings than under Framework Decision 2002/629/JHA and therefore includes additional forms of exploitation. Within the context of this Directive, forced begging should be

29 concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour. Therefore, the exploitation of begging,

definitionoftraff perform such labour or services should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. However, whena child is concerned, no possible consent should ever be considered valid. The persontocommit,interalia,pick pocketing,shop lifting,drugtraffickingand othersimilar 9 serious violation of human dignity and physical integrit y, as well as, for instance, other

DISPLACEDPEOPLE,RE

country. well-foundedfearofbeing fear,isunwillingtoavailhimselfo ftheprotectionofthatcountry". called"subsidiary"asylu m.

PARTICIPANTSANDMETHODOLOGY

CHOICEOFPARTICIPANTS/PARTICIPANTS

Theplan toconduct a research-action was discussed among the Caritas organisations involved in the Euro

Mediterranean anti

human trafficking project in Madrid in January documentthe Caritas organisations in Albania, Armenia, Bosnia-Herzegovina,Bulgaria,

Kosovo,France,Lebanon,TurkeyandUkraine

2 decidedtotakepart ofthisresearch.Todate, theproject. 2 10

RESEARCH-ACTIONSTAGE

Thetermresearch

to "boost" social change. Apanel of international researchers produced the following tentative definition 3 : "research in which there is deliberate action to transform reality; research with a dual objective: transform reality and gain insights into these transformations". teps: CONT ES xecutiO vNmNaviry .c OrN TavO.i.TaO.c5 ietcOv.Nmy .cOe OrN u.PPNvNcO OsTNm eP 6 iecPh.iOm.OtaO.ecmR

N7TNv.oNcOaO.ecm

CONTDS8mmNmmOrN.oTaiOePOrNOeehmtmNuR

CONT pS d.mmNo.caON OrN vNmNavir6aiO.ec acu aujeiaON vNieooNcuaO.ecm Oe TtO .cOe

TvaiO.iNg

In Step 1, each Caritas organisation involved in the study appointed a research officer other person). The latterconducteddocumentary research and interviewed institutional first semi-guidedinterviews; focusgroups 4 conducted withSyrianandIraqirefugees. humanbeings. 3 4

This tool provides a comparison of different stakeholders' viewpoints that is more apt than individual

11

SCOPEANDLIMITATIONSOFTHERESEARCH-ACTION

Thisresearch

various formsoftrafficking

Obstaclesandlimitations:

Very little research has been done on trafficking in human beings, sodocumentaryresearchhadtobeextendedtoincludepressarticles,especiallytocorroborate certain information provided by the refugees but not necessarilyrecordedbystudies;

limited to social work sometimes meant that certain categories of victims (women, arrival of new vulnerable populations, etc. The analysis presented here, therefore,corresponds to a partial snapshot of the various forms taken by traffickinginhumanbeingsatagiventime. 12

VULNERABILITYOFPEOPLE

TAKINGCHARGEOFREF

UGEES

According to research by Gérard Noirel

5 , beginning in the 1980s, Western countries

European Member States stood at 85%, whereas

,in the 2000s, the proportionwas completely reversed and reached an 85% rejection rate. Over th e years, the status of

MiddleEastandEuropeconfirmsthistrend.

InDecem

Syrians forced to flee their country at more than 3 million (out of a population of 22 5 GérardNoiriel,Ré ugiés tsans-papi rs,Larépubliqu ac au roit 'asil XIX -XX siècl ,Paris:Hachette/

Pluriel,1999.

13

AmnestyInternational

6 wouldgotoGermanyand500toFrance. Syrian refugees settled in the countries adjoining Syria. A similar trend can be seen for refugees of other nationalities, such as Iraqi refugees.In recent years, there has been onto their soil the flow of people fleeing the fighting. Although the EU has allocated substantialsumstotheseStates,to numberofrefug andTurkeyhas 6 14 see kingasylum nworking, 15

IDENTIFICATIONOFTHEDIFFERENT

SITUATIONSOFEXPLOITATIONIN

COUNTRIESINCONFLICT,THIRD

COUNTRIESANDCOUNTRIESIN

RECONSTRUCTION.

16 (PARTI)

PARTI:TRAFFICKINGINCOUNTRIESINCONFLICT

SEXUALEXPLOITATION

PostUK

7 that 40 other girls were with her, the youngest of them aged 12.In three interviews 7 17 that,duetofearofsocial exclusion, they could not let their families know.Among girls and women involved in prostitution femaleinterviewees but efugees. ABDUC abductionsofyoungwomen 8 R5Of reported that 400 women had been kidnapped in the Kirkuk region 9 . There was evidence 10 .More hasbeencorroboratedbyarticlesinthepress. 11

Accordingtoaccountsbyvictims,theusual

betweenstofind betweent hencrossestheborderwith

Syria and remunerate the go

between. Caritas investigations suggest that the main motivations ofthemenwhocontractforsuchbrides are: edthattheywereobligedby 8

HumanRightsWatch(2003):goT-OueStcS7eO5

9 10

Oktober2003,pp.12-13.

11 18 family tthehusband's lsobeenabusedbytheotherwives,who resentedtheirarrival. Accor ing to th UN Sp cialRapport uron tra icking, orc marriag , as istinct rom arrang marriag ,mayoccuras:

1)am tho

o r cruitm nt ortra icking- or xampl ,byth promis o atingormarriag abroa l a ingtos xual xploitation;asin,"com orth w ing,stay orth orc prostitution!"an /or

2)th r sult o tra icking, in oth r wor

s, b ing tra ick or th purpos s o marriag , usually accomplish viath thr ato orc , rau ,orco rcion.Th Suppl m ntaryConv ntiononth Abolitiono

Slav ry

alsor rstos rvil marriag ,inwhichawomanmightb promis an /orgiv ninmarriag without h rcons nt. "Chil marriag canb sai tob slav ry,primarilyi th ollowing l m ntsar pr s nt: irstly,i th chil has notg nuin lygiv nth ir r an in orm cons ntto nt rth marriag ;s con ly,i th chil issubj ct to control an a s ns o "own rship" in th marriag its l , particularly through abus an thr ats, an is xploit byb ing orc toun rtak om sticchor swithinth maritalhom orlabouroutsi it,an /or ngag in non-cons nsual s xual r lations; an thir ly, i th chil cannot r alistically l av or n th marriag ,l a ingpot ntiallytoali tim o slav ry" 12

In 2013 the first United Nations Human Rights Council resolution against child, early, and forced marriages

was adopted; the resolution recognizes child, early, and forced marriage as involving violations of human rights

which Òprevents individuals from living their lives free from all forms of violence and that has adverse

consequences on the enjoyment of human rights, such as the right to education, [and] the right to the highest

attainable standard of health including sexual and reproductive health,ş and also states that Òthe elimination

of child, early and forced marriage should be considered in the discussion of the post-2015 development

agenda 13 12

Extract rom th w bsit "girls not bri

s"http://www.girlsnotbri s.org/wh n- o s-chil -marriag - b com -slav ry/ 13 19

ENLISTMENTOFCHILDRENINARMEDMILITIA

boyswereregularly

USDepartmentofState'sreportonSyria

14

ArmenianrefugeesfromSyria,thelatter

Sunniteweretargetedmorethan

practice during conflicts 15 , we should nevertheless remain cautious. The number of so,inwhatway.

TRAFFICKINGINORGANS

organs does indeed exist. Although, to ourknowledge, there havebeenfewreportsor articleson this information, the testimonies collected were relatively precise. Several 14 15 weresenttothefrontbeforetheothers. 20 traffic king probably existed before the conflict,it seems to haveintensified. The most detailed testimonies reportedsituationsofwounded fighters in Syria,who,for security reasons sought with organs missing.

Some articles

16 seem to corroboratethis situation. Theyalsogive examples of organ traffickingamongrefugees in Lebanon 17 and clearlyassertthat the inNov. 2014)alsoconfirmed this point.This isreminiscent of anotherrecent organ traffickingscandal clinic (a private Kosovo/Turkish Clinic) in Kosovo pleaded guilty to all chargesof having committed such crimes during the previous years.The clinic was founded in 1999 by a ionintothepracticesofthe clinicbeganin2008 s fortheirkidneys.

Thedonorswereoftenleftinfrailcondi

tionandwithoutanypayment 18

MARRIAGESTOOBTAINPROTECTION

The various stakeholders interviewed for our research in Lebanon spoke of the risks gas12are allowed to marry. Depending on the many family codes in force (15 in all), in some communities fortheirdaughterand/orobtainmoney. 16 "Organ smuggling: Turkish hospitals Traffic Injured Syrian Citizen'Oragans" by Centre for Research

Globalization 02/2014http://www.globalresearch.ca/organ-smuggling-turkish-hospitals-traffic-injured-syrian-

citizens 17 18 transplants-case/ 21
Several testimonies in the focus groupsrecountedsimilar stories. The women we da ughters in an attempt to give them a better future. Others talkedmore about the economic criterion, saying they kn e w families trying to find wealthy husbands for their become pregnantquickly and still at an early age, theiranatomyis not yet sufficiently developedandtheirhealthisjeopardised. "TEMPORARY"MARRIAGESSAMONGGIRLREFUGEES being too inquisitive about the husband. There is a real market in these marriages, as 19 hours). After a matter of days or weeks, the girls are repudiated by their husband.

Dependingonthefamilies,t

abroad when they married, especially in the GulfStates, the fact of being abandoned condemnsthem,ine living 20 tomarrytheirdaughteronarriv al no /few pecially 21
havemadepracticesakintochild ttheregiontochoose abride 22
,inthevicinityoftheZaatari 19 Following complaints by a number of associations, including Caritas Lebanon, the page was blocked by 20 21
22
22
camp,saidtobeamarketfor"temporarybrides" 23
.Theseunderagegirls,underthepretext tutethemselvestohelptheirfamily.

PROSTITUTION

In 2013, the Lebanese anti

trafficking department identified 27 victims of trafficking in

Lebaneseand/

orSyrians; between,whothentakesthegirlto

Lebanon.Oncethere,hesellsthegirlor

forcesherintoprostitution.

Areport

24
roken (Lebanon) camps. There are also phone numbers in circulation for obtaining paid sexual relations, thesegirlsareunderage. short of the actual numbers. The main reason for this seems to be that few cases are reportedbythelocal stakeholders(NGOsincluded).

In Turkey, m

any alleged incidents of trafficking for sexual exploitation in prostitution c 25
(T24,2014;Milliyet, 23

AnaMariaLuca,15/11/2013.

quotesdbs_dbs12.pdfusesText_18