CELL DIVISION MITOSIS MEIOSIS
• Leptotene: Chromosomes condense, thicken and begin to coil up and become visible Alternating thick areas called chromomeres begin to appear on each chromosome • Zygotene: At this stage, homologous chromosomes pair up (Synapsis) to form bivalents Homologous sex chromosome do not form bivalent but are only joined at the tips
2ème leçon : chromosome, caryotype Plan
Un chromosome est le support de tout ou partie d’un programme génétique Les bactéries n’ont pas de noyau à l’intérieur de leur cellule et elles n’ont qu’un seul chromosome Un chromosome porte des gènes en nombre variable La taille d'un chromosome (adn condensé, voir page 6) (se situe entre 3 & 6
Structure et organisation de la chromatine
Chromosome condensé chromosome dispersée II Structure de l’unité de base de la chromatine « le nucléosome » II 1 Le nucléosome Est l’unité fondamentale de la chromatine, il est constitué d’: Une particule cœur : Composée d’un ADN de 146 pb enroulé selon environ 1,7 tours autour
Introduction to Meiosis
1 Prophase I: The nuclear envelope begins to break down, and the chromosomes condense Centrioles start moving to opposite poles of the cell, and a spindle begins to form Importantly, homologous chromosomes pair up, which is unique to prophase I In prophase of mitosis and meiosis II, homologous chromosomes do not form pairs in this way 2
Meiosis & Chromosome Abnormalities Presentation
Definition: Photomicrograph of chromosomes in a dividing cell Usually a white blood cell Length, position of the centromeres, banding pattern, sex chromosomes, and other physical characteristics are monitored
Condensin and Repo-Man PP1 co-operate in the regulation of
the loss of chromosome definition (c, d) Higher magnification views of the cells in b (e) Measurement of chromosome compaction in anaphase Values of chromosome compaction were normalised relative to the last metaphase figure in each time-lapse experiment (time 0) Eight independent movies each were analysed for SMC2 ON and SMC2OFF cells
Mitosis, Meiosis and the Cell Cycle
a Reduction division - the chromosome number is halved from diploid (2n) to haploid (n) Fertilization involves the fusion of male and female gametes, each containing a haploid set of chromosomes, to form a zygote with a diploid set of chromosomes b Crossing-over and recombination – the exchange of chromosome
Cytogenetics Lecture 1: Introduction to Clinical Cytogenetics
Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies (All) 2 70 375 45,X and variants 0 29 3,509 47,XXX and 47,XXX/46,XX 0 50 2,000 47,XXY and variants 0 72 1,400 47,XYY and 46,XY/47,XYY 0 53 1,887 Data from: Milunsky and Milunsky, Genetic Disorders of the Fetus, 6th Ed (2010) Benn, Chp 6 True rates are underestimated, especially for sex chromosome aneuploidies, which
KMBT C654e-20140314153651 - Biology 12
chromosome cilia Part B: Mix and Match Each definition has only one correct matching answer internal framework that anchors or anelles, ives sha e cellular "ro es" made of re eatin units of the rotein actin hollow tubes for trans ort, movement, made of actin & tubulin roteins vesicles inch off these structures; roteins modified and acka ed here
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