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RESEARCH LETTERS

Marchand J, et al. Assessment and optimization of the

Polyresistant Mycobacterium

bovis

Infection in Human

and Sympatric Sheep,

Spain, 2017-2018

María Teresa Tórtola, Laura Herrera León,

Pilar Pozo, Irene Mercader, Jose Luís Sáez,

Agroalimentàries-Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, (M.T. Tórtola); Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid de Catalunya, Barcelona (I. Mercader); Ministerio de Agricultura, de Barcelona, Barcelona (M. Domingo) T livestock and wildlife is

Mycobacterium bovis

. This species also infects humans through inhalation or in able from that caused by

M. tuberculosis

M. bovis in a human was detected in the Vall d'Hebron g/ analysis, performed by using the proportion method, rifampin); the strain was also resistant to ethionamide least both isoniazid and rifampicin). Molecular char

M. bovis spoligopat-

The patient worked as a farmer on cattle and

small ruminant farms in his county. Therefore, the epidemiologic investigation included the livestock he was in contact with, particularly the herd of sheep and goats he was currently managing. In 2018, a to results to a single intradermal tuberculin test, inter vet.com), or both. Animals with positive test results lesions were found in the lungs and thoracic, mes sheep, 1 goat). Tissues with lesions were cultured in agnostics). Culture indicated growth of

M. tuberculo

sis complex in 9 sheep samples, and

M. avium

subspe cies avium was isolated from another sheep and the M. tuberculosis complex isolates, and M. bovis https://www.visavet.es/mycodb); the patient had no known connection to that herd. The main etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB) in livestock is Mycobacterium bovis; human TB cases caused by

M. bovis

are rare. Analysis of a TB outbreak caused by polyresistant M. bovis involving a human and sympatric sheep in Spain suggests local circulation of drug-resis- tant

M. bovis

strains among livestock.

RESEARCH LETTERS

was conducted for 2 isolates from sheep (2018) and the isolate from the human patient (2017) and for 2 isolates collected from cattle in 2005-2006. Results showed an extremely close phylogenetic relation ship between the isolates from the sheep and hu were the same strain; they differed from the strains lates from the sheep and human showed resistance to pyrazinamide, isoniazid, and ethionamide, and isolates from the cattle showed resistance to pyra zinamide and isoniazid. These results suggest that although strains from cattle and from the sheep and human were not closely related enough to be consid ered the same strain, they might have evolved from a common ancestral isoniazid-resistant strain. How ever, mutations associated with pyrazinamide resis tance were found only at the pncA with isoniazid/ethionamide resistance at the inh A inhA detected only in the isolates from cattle.

M. bovis is usually associ-

ated with occupational exposure and is infrequent ly reported in Spain; cases of multidrug-resistant

1,2). However, zoo-

notic cases could be underestimated because the need for relatively sophisticated laboratory methods ticularly in low-income areas, and epidemiologic re stock are rarely investigated. been reported in Spain ( 3 4 ), these reports suggest that sheep can play a role as maintenance hosts of

M. bovis

and

M. caprae

in certain epidemiologic situa that in cattle or goats (5).

M. bovis

is naturally resistant to pyrazinamide (6- sistant strains in livestock in the outbreak area.

In contrast, a previous study reported absence of

polyresistant M. bovis strains isolated from live- stock in the Iberian Peninsula (

7). Similarly, cases

M. bovis are infrequent in Spain (

8), although a noso-

M. bovis involv-

ing HIV-infected patients has been described ( 9).

Only a few studies have examined treatment of iso

niazid polydrug resistance ( 10 ), which is particu larly dangerous because of the high risk that resis isms is crucial for epidemiologic investigation

Health approach should be implemented in contact

of public and animal health authorities to prevent resistance in strains circulating among livestock should also be considered.

Figure.

Mycobacterium bovis strain isolated

M. bovis

the sheep showed resistance to pyrazinamide, isoniazid, and ethionamide; strains from the cattle showed resistance to pyrazinamide

M. bovis

RESEARCH LETTERS

Acknowledgments

outstanding technical assistance and to the Mycobacteria Inspection Service) for the sequencing service and technical support. Catalonia and by the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Technology is supported by Centres de Recerca de Catalunya

About the Author

References

Systematic molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from Spain.

Samper S, et al. Human tuberculosis due to

Mycobacterium

bovis and

M. caprae

Mycobacterium

bovis and

Mycobacterium caprae

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Mycobacterium caprae

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Mycobacterium bovis

vaccines in an experimental pone.0180546 Rapid differentiation of bovine and human tubercle bacilli based on a characteristic mutation in the bovine Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from animals. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2007;87:565-71. https://doi.org/

10.1016/j.tube.2007.08.004

Mycobacterium bovis

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Mycobacterium bovis

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Variant in Travelers from

Brazil to Japan

Rubuna Sato, Tsuguto Fujimoto, Makoto Kuroda,

Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo (T. Fujimoto, M. Kuroda,

T. Wakita)

Multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus tional set of mutations.quotesdbs_dbs12.pdfusesText_18