[PDF] Public Policy and Engineering Design Education

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Barry Hyman, Fundamentals of Engineering Design, Prentice Hall, 1998 Barry Hyman, Fundamentals of Engineering Design, Prentice Hall, 1998

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“Fundamentals of Engineering Design (2nd Edition)” by Barry Hyman, Pearson, 2002 OBJECTIVES The main objective of this course is to present the basic

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Abstract – Introduction to design is among the hands on, design centered introduction to engineering [1] Barry Hyman, “Fundamentals of Engineering

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5 days ago · Main Text Fundamentals of Engineering Design, 2nd Edition, Barry Hyman, Prentice Hall, 2002, ISBN No 978 0130467126 Specific Course

[PDF] Public Policy and Engineering Design Education - IJEE

Public Policy and Engineering Design Education* BARRY HYMAN Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Public Affairs, University of Washington, Seattle,

[PDF] From Capstone to Cornerstone: A New Paradigm for Design - IJEE

This paper proposes a new role for the traditional capstone design course that Barry Hyman is Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Public Affairs at the Fundamentals of Engineering Design, was published by Prentice Hall in 1998

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undertaking a design process the paper goes on to re affirm the importance of sketching Barry Hyman (2003) Fundamentals of Engineering Design, 2 nd

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The basic component of a functional block diagram is a block, where [1] Barry Hyman, Fundamentals of Engineering Design, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2003

[PDF] UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL

Public Policy and Engineering Design

Education*

BARRY HYMAN

Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Public Affairs, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195,

USA. E-mail: hyman@u.washington.edu

Both the ABET `Conventional Criteria' and `Engineering Criteria-2000' require engineering design education to include considerations such as the environmental, health, safety, ethical, social, and political impact of engineering design. This paper focuses on public policy as a proposed umbrella framework for consideration of these issues, and advances three propositions. First, that the public policy process has a lot in common with the engineering design process; second, that engineering design activities are becoming increasingly entwined with public policy considerations; and third, there are a wide variety of practical approaches to incorporating public policy considerations into engineering design education. The paper begins with well-known models of the engineering design process and the public policy process to establish the similarities between the two. In addition, several popular myths regarding the relationship between these two processes and their practi- tioners are explored. Next, the paper enumerates different classes of public policy activities engaged in by federal, state, and municipal governments that have implications for engineering

design decisions. Included are generic issues such as: environmental, health, and safety regulations;

professional licensing and registration; government support for basic and applied research, development, and exploration; defense weapons and other government procurement activities; patent and other policies to support technological development; and government collection, analysis, and dissemination of technical information and data. The third (and primary) part of the paper describes many ways in which public policy issues can be introduced as an integral and logical part of design education, rather than being perceived by either the students or teachers as diversions. This includes lecture and classroom discussion topics and activities, case studies, homework assignments, in-class and take-home quizzes and exams, mini-design projects that extend from one class-session to several weeks in length, and capstone design projects. Also, web- based and other resources on public policy for design instructors and students are described.

INTRODUCTION

BOTH THE ABET Conventional Criteria and

Engineering Criteria±2000 require engineering

design education to include considerations such as the environmental, health, safety, ethical, social, and political impact of engineering design [1]. This paper offers public policy as an umbrella framework for considering these issues, and advances three propositions:

1. The public policy process has a lot in common

with the engineering design process.

2. Engineering design activities are becoming

increasingly entwined with public policy considerations.

3. There are a wide variety of practical approaches

to incorporating public policy considerations into engineering design education.

We begin by exploring several popular myths

regarding the relationship between engineering design and public policy. Next, we argue that incorporating public policy criteria into engineer- ing design is a logical continuation of an existing trend, rather than a radical departure from tradi-

tion. Then we enumerate different classes of publicpolicy activities that have implications for engin-

eering design decisions. After that we describe many ways in which public policy issues can be integrated into design education, rather than being treated by either the students or teachers as ancillary activities or diversions. We conclude by arguing that inclusion of public policy issues should be done in an intellectually rigorous fashion and that proper preparation for doing so implies serious examination of the humanities and social science stems of the engineering curriculum.

THE ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS

The Accreditation Board for Engineering and

Technology (ABET) defines engineering design as

[2]:

Engineering design is the process of designing a

system, component or process to meet desired needs. It is a decision-making process (often iterative), in which the basic sciences, mathematics, and engi- neering sciences are applied to convert resources optimally to meet a stated objective. Among the fundamental elements of the design process are the establishment of objectives and criteria, synthesis, analysis, construction, testing, and evaluation. * Accepted 2 September 2002. 110
Int. J. Engng Ed.Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 110±117, 20030949-149X/91 $3.00+0.00 Printed in Great Britain.#2003 TEMPUS Publications. theengineeringcurriculumasfollows[3]: socialimpact.

Further,ABETstatesthatwhileengineering

sis,itisalsoacreativeartthatincludesmany differentstagesofthedesignprocessbetween fundamentallydifferentprocesses

Figure1displayswell-knownmodelsofboth

thatmostengineersandpolicymakersdonot recognizethiscloseresemblance.

Figure1stimulatesustoreplaceafewchoice

policymakersmightbequitecomfortablewith: andanalysis. makersrepresentspecialinterests

Designengineershavetheirownbiasesand

weredesignedby:anaerodynamicsengineer,a ratestherealitythatdesignengineersarethe

Eachtendstovaluetheirownknowledgeand

Thedebatesamongengineerswithinagiven

projectorbetweencompetingprojectscanbeas tocompromisewiththeircolleagueswhoseethe publicpolicy,istheartofthepossible.

NEWCRITERIAFORENGINEERING

DESIGN

Wenowexploretheincorporationofsocial

thenewskillsrequiredofengineersinorderto changes[9].

Fromtheearliestapplicationsoftechnology,

engineershavehadonecriterionbywhichto evaluateadesign:diditmeettheneed?An maticsandscience)inordertofindacceptable ontopoftheold.

Engineeringdesigncriteriaexpandedagain

betweenlowcostpipingthatisstrongerthanit needstobeandpipingofexactlytherequired strengthbutwhichismoreexpensivesinceit mustbecustommade.

Thisevolutionofengineeringdesigncriteria

economicsdidnotrequireanyslightingofthe butengineershadtoacquirenewskillsincost designsthatmetthesebroadercriteria. evolvefromchangesinthesocialenvironment impactsoftechnologyhasfosteredtheconcept decisionsthathavebecomeengineeringdesign

B.Hyman112

environmentalemissions.Insomecases,these achieveaminimumfueleconomy.Othersocially prescriptive,holdengineersresponsibleand personalinjuriesandpropertydamage. aretheresultofpublicpolicydecisions.And criteria.

CATEGORIESOFPUBLICPOLICY/

ENGINEERINGDESIGNINTERACTION

socialcriteriaintodesigneducation.

Regulationsandstandards

mental,health,andoccupational,public,and industrialmachinery,andimpactresistance requirementsforbicyclehelmets.

Technologyinnovationpolicy

neersclearlyembracethesystemasacrucial diedinpatenteddevices.TheBayh-DoleActof patentrightsandretainlicensingroyalties.

WydlerAct,establishedtechnologytransfer

hadmajorimpactsonfosteringtechnological patentpolicythatbeganover200yearsago.

Thepatentsystemisalsoavaluablesourceof

designideasandatoolforreducingtheneedto theearlystagesofthedesignprocess.

Researchanddevelopment

laboratoriesintheworld,suchasthecivilian

ResearchLab.Similaractivatesoccuratthe

world-renownednationallaboratoriessuchas thoseatArgonne,Brookhaven,andOakRidge.

Inaddition,manygovernmentagenciessupport

andcontracts.ThegovernmentalR&Dmission ensuringacontinuousflowofnewknowledgeand technologiesforuseindesignactivities.

Procurement

Thefederalgovernmentisthesolecustomerfor

hasanenormousimpactonthissegmentofthe onengineeringdesigndecisionsthatpushthe andaerospacesystems.Manylocal,state,and inmanymarkets(e.g.,copypaper),government thedesignofthoseproducts.

Incentivesandsubsidies

Publicpolicyhasbeenusedhistoricallyto

providedirectsupportforthedevelopmentof withoutthehelpoftheNewYorkStateLegisla- yearstooperatesteamboatsontheHudsonRiver andotherNewYorkwaterways[11].Another nuclearpowerindustryinthiscountry.When powerplants,thegovernmentpassedthePrice- intheeventofamajornuclearaccident.Price-

Andersenmadecommercialnuclearenergy

possibleinthiscountry[12].

Analysisanddisseminationoftechnical

information

Governmentagenciesanalyzeanddisseminatea

theUSCensusBureauandotherunitsoftheUS

Dept.ofCommercethatpublishdetaileddataon

mentofEnergypublishkeydataonenergy designdecisionsrelyonthisinformation.

Regulatingthepracticeofengineering

Publicpolicyalsoaddressesissuesofprofes-

sionalcompetencyandbehaviorofengineers

All50states,theDistrictofColumbia,andthe

USterritoriesofGuam,NorthernMariana

professionalengineers.

INTEGRATIONINTOENGINEERING

DESIGNEDUCATION

ABETrequiresthatengineeringcurricula

anintegratedapproachbyrequiringthatall areexamplesfrommyteachingexperiencesof andhomeworkandtestquestions.

Capstonedesignprojects

Overthepast15years,Ihavehadmany

CountyPublicUtilityDistrict,TacomaPublic

theWashingtonStateFerrySystem.Thisisa requiringonlyanexpansionofthenetworkof designexperience.

Shortdesignprojects

PartofthepreparationfortheABETculminat-

arethreeexamplesofsuchdesignprojectsthat incorporatepublicpolicyissues. foodproductsusingdryiceastherefrigerant. involveselementarythermodynamicsandheat regulations.Inthecourseofexaminingthe ofmaterialsthatmeetASTMstandards.After chasingdowntheASTMspecifications,the pipesizesareprescribedbyanASMEstandard.

Sointhecourseofdoingalegitimatedesign

problem,thestudentsgaininsightintothe thepartnershipbetweengovernmentandthe engineeringcommunityinthestandardsarena. meritsofthreecompetingdesktopfansbeing toldthatGSAhasdecidedtopurchase5,000,000 itwantstoincludeeaseofrecyclingasan importantelementindecidingwhichfanto purchase.GSAhasnarrowedthechoicedownto students'assignmentistoevaluatethethree procurementspecifications.

Homeworkassignmentsandtestquestions

BelowisanassortmentofquestionsIhaveused

designinteractiondescribedintheprevious section: manyregulationshavebeenadoptedtomake eralregulations,whatistheminimumground

30,000ft

2 general-purposewarehousetobein conformancewiththeStateEnergyCode.How muchoutdoorair(ft 3 /min)mustyourventila- tionsystembecapableofdeliveringtothe automobilebumper,youareconsideringusing eycombstructuretoabsorbtheimpactoflow-quotesdbs_dbs17.pdfusesText_23

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