Botanists now believe that plants evolved from the algae; the development of the plant kingdom may have resulted from evolutionary changes that occurred when photosynthetic multicellular organisms invaded the continents..
The study of plant evolution attempts to explain how the present diversity of plants arose over geologic time.
It includes the study of genetic change and the consequent variation that often results in speciation, one of the most important types of radiation into taxonomic groups called clades..
The study of plant evolution attempts to explain how the present diversity of plants arose over geologic time.
It includes the study of genetic change and the consequent variation that often results in speciation, one of the most important types of radiation into taxonomic groups called clades..
evolution, theory in biology postulating that the various types of plants, animals, and other living things on Earth have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations..
Modern botany traces its roots back to Ancient Greece specifically to Theophrastus ( c. 371–287 BCE), a student of Aristotle who invented and described many of its principles and is widely regarded in the scientific community as the "Father of Botany"..
The study of plant evolution attempts to explain how the present diversity of plants arose over geologic time.
It includes the study of genetic change and the consequent variation that often results in speciation, one of the most important types of radiation into taxonomic groups called clades..
The evolutionary history of plants is recorded in fossils preserved in lowland or marine sediments.
Some fossils preserve the external form of plant parts; others show cellular features; and still others consist of microfossils such as pollen and spores.
In rare instances, fossils may even display the ultrastructural or chemical features of the plants they represent.
The fossil record reveals a pattern of accelerating rates of evolution coupled with increasing diversity and complexity of biological communities that began with the invasion of land and continued with the progressive colonization of the continents.
At present, fossil evidence of land plants dates to the Ordovician Period (about 485.4 million to 443.8 million years ago) of the Paleozoic Era.
However, research using “molecular clock” methodology, which uses genetics to estimate how long species have been separated from a common ancestor, suggests that plants started to colonize terrestrial environments around 500 million years ago, about the middle of the Cambrian Period.
The abundance and diversity of plant fossils increase into the Silurian Period, and by the middle Devonian Period, the heterosporous life cycle, which allows for more rapid evolution, had occurred independently in several groups, including:
The evolutionary history of plants is recorded in fossils preserved in lowland or marine sediments.
Some fossils preserve the external form of plant parts; others show cellular features; and still others consist of microfossils such as pollen and spores.
In rare instances, fossils may even display the ultrastructural or chemical features of the plants they represent.
The fossil record reveals a pattern of accelerating rates of evolution coupled with increasing diversity and complexity of biological communities that began with the invasion of land and continued with the progressive colonization of the continents.
At present, fossil evidence of land plants dates to the Ordovician Period (about 485.4 million to 443.8 million years ago) of the Paleozoic Era.
However, research using “molecular clock” methodology, which uses genetics to estimate how long species have been separated from a common ancestor, suggests that plants started to colonize terrestrial environments around 500 million years ago, about the middle of the Cambrian Period.
Plant - Evolution, Paleobotany, Photosynthesis:
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