x Ray crystallography is currently the most favoured technique for structure determination of proteins and biological macromolecules. Increasingly, those interested in all branches of the biological sciences require structural information to shed light on previously unanswered questions.
X-ray crystallography is used to examine a sample that is in the crystalline state. Crystals of many proteins and other biomoleculars have been obtained and analyzed in the X-ray beam. A few macromolecular crystals are discussed in the chapter through various figures.
Some of the specific areas that can now be probed with X-ray crystallography include measuring the thickness of films, identifying specific crystal phases and orientations that can help to determine the catalytic activity of materials, determining the purity of a sample, determining how a drug might interact with specific proteins and how the drug can be improved, analyzing how proteins interact with other proteins, for...
Application of X ray Crystallography XRD is a nondestructive technique To identify crystalline phases and orientation To determine structural properties. To measure thickness of thin films and multi-layers To determine atomic arrangement
Since many diverse types of structure can form crystals, X-ray crystallography can have many research applications. The substances that can be analyzed by this method include
salts, minerals, metals, semiconductors as well as biological compounds including proteins, nucleic acids, and vitamins.
