An example of cytologic features typical of a xanthoma is shown in figure 3. The predominant cell type found in cytologic specimens is finely vacuolated (foamy or lipid-laden) macrophages. Multinucleated giant cells and low numbers of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells may also be present.
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis is a rare inborn disorder of bile acid synthesis in which hepatic conversion of cholesterol to cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids AbstractINTRODUCTIONCASE REPORTDISCUSSION
How Is Xanthoma Diagnosed?
Xanthoma is often a clinical diagnosis made in the setting of a dyslipidaemia.
Skin biopsy may be required and shows the characteristic lipid-filled macrophages in the dermis (see Eruptive xanthoma pathology).
Investigations are required to determine the associated condition and may include:.
1) Lipid profile.
2) Liver, thyroid, and renalfunction tes.
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What Are The Complications of Xanthoma?
Xanthoma is usually a sign skin of a dyslipidaemia and therefore the complications are those of the underlying condition, such as pancreatitis or cardiovascular disease.
Xanthelasma appears to be an independent predictor of ischaemicheart disease, separate from any associated dyslipidaemia.
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What are xanthomas & how are they diagnosed?
Xanthomas are localized lipid deposits within an organ system.
Although innately benign, they are often an important visible sign of systemic diseases.
These lesions were initially described in the early 1900s, along with reports of their association with lipid metabolism.
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What causes xanthomas?
Xanthomas are usually a skin sign of disorders of lipid metabolism (dyslipidaemias) or occur in histiocytosis; the former is the focus of this page.
Xanthomas typically affect adults, although children with familial hypercholesterolaemia may present with xanthomas.
The race and sex distributions depend on the underlying cause.
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What is a xanthoma skin lesion?
A xanthoma is a skin lesion caused by the accumulation of fat in macrophages in the skin.
Less commonly, a xanthoma will occur in a subcutaneous layer.
Who gets xanthomas.
Xanthomas are usually a skin sign of disorders of lipid metabolism (dyslipidaemias) or occur in histiocytosis; the former is the focus of this page.
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What Is A Xanthoma?
A xanthoma is a skin lesion caused by the accumulation of fat in macrophages in the skin.
Less commonly, a xanthoma will occur in a subcutaneouslayer.
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What Is The Differential Diagnosis For Xanthoma?
Xanthomas may need to be distinguished from many other skin lesionsdepending on the clinical presentation.
1) Tuberous and tendon xanthomas — consider rheumatoid nodules, gouty tophi.
2) Eruptive xanthomas — need to be distinguished from xanthoma disseminatum.
3) Verruciform xanthoma — can resemble a genital wart.
4) Plane xanthomas — must be distingu.
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What is the most common form of xanthoma?
The most prevalent form of xanthomas is xanthelasma palpebrarum.
Tendinous and tuberous xanthomas are typical for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, as well as for some rare conditions, such as:
- cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis and familial β-sitosterolemia
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What Is The Treatment For Xanthoma?
Some xanthomas resolve with successful treatment of the underlying dyslipidaemia: tuberous, eruptive, plane, and palmar.
Xanthelasma may improve if associated with hypercholesterolaemia and this can be successfully treated.
However treatment of the lesions may be required for cosmetic reasons and can include topical trichloroacetic acid (see Chemic.
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Who Gets Xanthomas?
Xanthomas are usually a skin sign of disorders of lipid metabolism (dyslipidaemias) or occur in histiocytosis; the former is the focus of this page.
Xanthomas typically affect adults, although children with familial hypercholesterolaemia may present with xanthomas.
The race and sexdistributions depend on the underlying cause.
