Cytology preparation techniques

How are cytology samples prepared?
Exfoliative cytology – spontaneosly.Abrasive cytology – dislodges cells.Fine needle aspiration cytology –Exfoliative cytology – spontaneosly.Abrasive cytology – dislodges cells.Fine needle aspiration cytology – FN,.
What are the preparation methods for cytology?
To make a cell smear or cell block, an aliquot of the sample, typically 50 mL in pleural and peritoneal fluid specimens, is centrifuged with a bench top centrifuge.
The supernatant is aspirated and the sediment is used for preparing direct cell smears or cell blocks..
What are the techniques of cytology?
Some of the ways a provider can collect cytology test samples include: Brushing or scraping tissue from the surface of a part of your body.
Collecting fluid or discharge samples from your body, such as a pee sample.
Using fine-needle aspiration to draw a fluid sample from an area in your body..
What is cytological techniques?
Exfoliative cytology – spontaneosly.Abrasive cytology – dislodges cells.Fine needle aspiration cytology –Exfoliative cytology – spontaneosly.Abrasive cytology – dislodges cells.Fine needle aspiration cytology – FN,.
In general, aspirate smears, needle rinses and cell blocks, alone or in combination, are prepared from a given sample.
Aspirate Smears A close attention to smearing technique is required to maximize the diagnostic yield if aspirate smears are pre- ferred.

Different types of smear preparations are utilized in the cytopathology laboratory, which includes:

Direct smears as described above.
Cytocentrifuge smears, which are prepared using the cytocentrifuge method.
Centrifuge smears using membrane filters.
Monolayer liquid-based cytology.

Procedure

Place 2-3 drops of sediment on a labeled glass slide.
Place another labeled glass slide upside-down on top.
Allow the sediment to spread naturally.
Gently pull the slides apart endways.
Fix immediately to prevent air-drying, using 95% ethyl alcohol or a cytology spray fixative.

Cytological smears can be prepared using the blood smear (Figure 1.5) or squash preparation technique (Figure 1.6). Imprints can be made from wet surfaces (e.g. biopsies, ulcerated or exudative skin lesions) as well as from dry skin lesions using Sellotape (Figure 1.7 and Figure 1.8).

How Are The Solutions Maintained and How Often Does It Need to Be Replaced?

The solutions used for Papanicolaou stain need to be replaced in order to ensure a crisp and well-delineated staining quality.
The frequency of replacement depends on the volume and nature of the m.

What Are The Advantages and Disadvantages of Prefixation?

Prefixation is recommended when the specimen has to be sent to the distant laboratory.

What Are The Dyes Used in Papanicolaou stain?

Papanicolaou stain includes both acidic and basic dyes.
Acidic dye stains the basic components of the cell and basic dye stains the acidic components of the cell.
The multichromatic Papanicolaou stain involves the following dyes:.
1) Hematoxylin (e.g., Harris hematoxylin, Gill hematoxylin, hematoxylin S) is the nuclear stain which stains cell nuclei.

What Are The Methods Used to Lyse Erythrocytes Prior to Slide preparation?

Bloody smears can be difficult to interpret.
Prior to slide preparation, lysing erythrocytes helps for better recovery of epithelial cells.
Carnoy’s fixative has been used for hemolyzing erythrocytes.
A newer method has been developed for erythrocyte hemolysis.
Commercial agents are now available to lyse red blood cells and fix the cellular element.

What Is Progressive Papanicolaou Staining Method?

Papanicolaou Technique II uses hematoxylin progressively.
Since the reduction in staining time prevents overstaining of the cytoplasm, differential extraction in HCl is not necessary.
Mayer hematoxylin and Gill hematoxylin are always used progressively because they rarely overstain nuclei, regardless of staining time.
Progressive staining is usuall.

What Is Regressive Papanicolaou Staining Method?

Papanicolaou Technique I uses Harris hematoxylin regressively.
The cells are intentionally overstained and then excess hematoxylin is removed by differential extraction in HCl.
Running water bath is required during the staining process.

What Is The Hydration Step Used in Papanicolaou stain?

The series of graded alcohols (50%, 70%, 80%, and 95%) are used for hydration and dehydration which helps to minimize cell distortion.

What Is The Routinely Used Method For Urine Or CSF Specimen?

For the low cellular and low protein content cytology specimens such as urine and cerebrospinal fluid, various methods have been developed.
The goals are prevention of cell loss and satisfactory preservation of morphologic details.
Nowadays, cytocentrifugation combined with direct smears of the sediments have been widely used.
The cytocentrifuge pr.

What Solutions Are Used For Prefixation?

Ethyl alcohol (50% solution) is commonly used as prefixative for fluid and can be added in equal volume to the fluids.
Higher concentration (>50%) of ethyl alcohol should not be used in fluids rich.