Demographics—statistical data related to a population—play a key role in rates of economic growth. That's because the makeup of any population can influence the supply of labor and productivity—known as the demographic dividend..
How is a demographic dividend?
The demographic dividend is the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population's age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population (15 to 64) is larger than the non-working-age share of the population (14 and younger, and 65 and older)..
What does demography include?
Demography is the statistical study of human populations. Demographers use census data, surveys, and statistical models to analyze the size, movement, and structure of populations..
What is a demographic opportunity?
Demographic opportunities might include an aging population, which signals a need for more geriatric products, or gentrification in central cities that signals a need for upscale restaurants and boutique shops..
What is the demographic burden?
Demographic burden is represented by dependency ratios measured in respect to the population younger than the age of 15 (young-age dependency ratio), population above the age of 64 (old-age dependency ratio) as well as males and females above the age of 64 being examined separately..
Which country has highest demographic dividend?
India. In near future India will be the largest individual contributor to the global demographic transition. A 2011 International Monetary Fund Working Paper found that substantial portion of the growth experienced by India since the 1980s is attributable to the country's age structure and changing demographics..
Examples
East Asia. East Asia provides some of the most compelling evidence to date of the demographic dividend. Ireland. Ireland also provides a recent example of the demographic dividend and transition. Africa. India. West Asia.
Demographic change can influence the underlying growth rate of the economy, structural productivity growth, living standards, savings rates, consumption, and investment; it can influence the long‐run unemployment rate and equilibrium interest rate, housing market trends, and the demand for financial assets.
Demographic bonus is a condition in which the productive age population is more than the non-productive population. Demographic bonus can be a bonus if the younger generation are able to get decent education and facility to improve their self-quality.
Recent education dividend theory
Recent research shows that the demographic dividend is an education-triggered dividend
Statistical overview
Approximately 1.8 billion people between 10 and 24 years old exist in the world today; the highest total number of young people than ever before
Examples
East Asia provides some of the most compelling evidence to date of the demographic dividend
Four mechanisms for growth in the demographic dividend
During the course of the demographic dividend there are four mechanisms through which the benefits are delivered
After the demographic dividend, demographic tax
The urgency to put in place appropriate policies is magnified by the reality that what follows the “demographic dividend” is a time when the
Does Indonesia have a good demographic bonus position?
The results of the study found that Indonesia is in a very good demographic bonus position, and is expected to be able to take advantage of the age structure, especially the portion of the productive age which has the potential to be the main driver of economic growth
What is demographic bonus?
Demographic Bonus is one of the changes in demographic dynamics that occurs due to the changes in population structure according to age
This demographic transition phenomenon occurs because of the reduced birth rate coupled with long-term mortality
Will better studies emerge related to demography bonus?
Better studies are expected to emerge related to demography bonus
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The Demographic Window is defined to be that period of time in a nation's demographic evolution when the proportion of population of working age group is particularly prominent. This occurs when the demographic architecture of a population becomes younger and the percentage of people able to work reaches its height. Typically, the demographic window of opportunity lasts for 30–40 years depending upon the country. Because of the mechanical link between fertility levels and age structures, the timing and duration of this period is closely associated to those of fertility decline: when birth rates fall, the age pyramid first shrinks with gradually lower proportions of young population and the dependency ratio decreases as is happening in various parts of East Asia over several decades. After a few decades, low fertility however causes the population to get older and the growing proportion of elderly people inflates again the dependency ratio as is observed in present-day Europe.
Fatherhood bonus or fatherhood premium refers to the advantages that working fathers get in terms of pay and perceived competence in comparison with working mothers and childless men. Fatherhood bonus occurs due to the belief that fathers have greater work commitment, stability and deservingness. On the other hand, mothers are perceived as exhausted and distracted at work, thereby perceiving them to be less productive. An alternative explanation for the fatherhood bonus is that men who are fathers strive harder at work in order to provide for their families ; the psychological transition for women upon motherhood can be explained as putting children as higher priority than work which would explain the motherhood penalty. The fatherhood bonus is highest for the most privileged men - married, white college graduates with professional jobs. Among Brits aged 42, fathers receive 21% wage bonus compared to non-fathers of the same age. This wage bonus has increased from 12% in 1958 to 21% in 2016.