Biological psychology bipolar disorder
How does the biological approach explain bipolar disorder?
The chemicals responsible for controlling the brain's functions are called neurotransmitters, and include noradrenaline, serotonin and dopamine.
There's some evidence that if there's an imbalance in the levels of 1 or more neurotransmitters, a person may develop some symptoms of bipolar disorder..
Is bipolar disorder a part of psychology?
Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness that causes unusual shifts in mood, ranging from extreme highs (mania or “manic” episodes) to lows (depression or “depressive” episode).
A person who has bipolar disorder also experiences changes in their energy, thinking, behavior, and sleep..
Is bipolar disorder biological or cognitive?
Stress, whether biologically or psychologically mediated, is responsible for the initiation and progression of the diathesis.
Bipolar spectrum disorders have a strong genetic component; severe life stresses acting through various paths cause the illness phenotype..
Is bipolar disorder biological or psychological?
Bipolar disorder is frequently inherited, with genetic factors accounting for approximately 80% of the cause of the condition.
Bipolar disorder is the most likely psychiatric disorder to be passed down from family.
If one parent has bipolar disorder, there's a 10% chance that their child will develop the illness..
What is the biological approach to bipolar disorder?
It's thought bipolar disorder is linked to genetics, as it seems to run in families.
The family members of a person with bipolar disorder have an increased risk of developing it themselves.
But no single gene is responsible for bipolar disorder..
What is the biological model of abnormality bipolar disorder?
Biological (medical) model
Part of this theory stems from much research into the major neurotransmitter, serotonin, which seems to show that major psychological illnesses such as bipolar disorder and anorexia nervosa are caused by abnormally reduced levels of Serotonin in the brain..
What is the biological perspective of bipolar disorder?
It's thought bipolar disorder is linked to genetics, as it seems to run in families.
The family members of a person with bipolar disorder have an increased risk of developing it themselves.
But no single gene is responsible for bipolar disorder..
What is the biological perspective on bipolar disorder?
Genetics.
It's thought bipolar disorder is linked to genetics, as it seems to run in families.
The family members of a person with bipolar disorder have an increased risk of developing it themselves.
But no single gene is responsible for bipolar disorder..
What is the biological theory of bipolar disorder?
The chemicals responsible for controlling the brain's functions are called neurotransmitters, and include noradrenaline, serotonin and dopamine.
There's some evidence that if there's an imbalance in the levels of 1 or more neurotransmitters, a person may develop some symptoms of bipolar disorder..
What kind of psychology is bipolar disorder?
Overview.
Bipolar disorder (formerly called manic-depressive illness or manic depression) is a mental illness that causes unusual shifts in a person's mood, energy, activity levels, and concentration.
These shifts can make it difficult to carry out day-to-day tasks..
What psychology perspective is bipolar?
Bipolar spectrum disorders are characterized by highs and lows of mood, energy, motivation, cognition, and activity.
The behavioral approach system (BAS) dysregulation theory provides an integrated model for understanding psychosocial and biological features of bipolar disorders..
What's the psychology behind bipolar disorder?
Environmental factors such as stress, sleep disruption, and drugs and alcohol may trigger mood episodes in vulnerable people.
Though the specific causes of bipolar disorder within the brain are unclear, an imbalance of brain chemicals is believed to lead to dysregulated brain activity..
When was bipolar disorder first recognized as a psychological disorder?
The term “bipolar” means “two poles,” signifying the polar opposites of mania and depression.
The term first appeared in the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in its third revision in 1980..
Who defined bipolar disorder?
The earliest mentions of bipolar disorder in medical literature date back to Hippocrates (460-370 B.C.), a physician in ancient Greece who's often referred to as “the father of medicine.” He was the first to document two extreme moods: feeling extremely low (what we now call depression) and feeling extremely energized .
Why is bipolar disorder biological?
Bipolar disorder is frequently inherited, with genetic factors accounting for approximately 80% of the cause of the condition.
Bipolar disorder is the most likely psychiatric disorder to be passed down from family.
If one parent has bipolar disorder, there's a 10% chance that their child will develop the illness..
Why is bipolar disorder considered genetic?
According to the National Library of Medicine, some studies indicate that irregularities in many genes combine to increase a person's risk of bipolar disorder.
The exact way that this occurs remains unclear..
- Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness in which common emotions become intensely and often unpredictably magnified.
Individuals with bipolar disorder can quickly swing from extremes of happiness, energy, and clarity to sadness, fatigue, and confusion. - Examples of state biomarkers would be the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which has been found to be elevated in mania and depression (Fernandes et al., 2015, Munkholm et al., 2016), C-reactive protein (CRP) (Dargél et al., 2015, Fernandes et al., 2016), or homocysteine (Salagre, Vizuete, & Leite, 2017).
- It is characterized by dysregulation in the dopamine and serotonin systems and by pathology in the brain systems involved in regulating emotion.
- People with mood disorders often have imbalances in certain neurotransmitters, particularly norepinephrine and serotonin (Thase, 2009).
These neurotransmitters are important regulators of the bodily functions that are disrupted in mood disorders, including appetite, sex drive, sleep, arousal, and mood. - Psychologists (PhDs and PsyDs) and some mental health counselors (MSW, LPC, ETC) can provide psychotherapy, or talk therapy, another critical part of treatment.
Through therapy, people can develop coping methods that prevent long periods of illness, extended hospital stays, and suicide. - The clinical picture of BD involves disruption of behavior, circadian rhythms, neurophysiology of sleep, neuroendocrine and biochemical regulation within the brain (3,8).
- Your doctor can't diagnose bipolar disorder from a brain scan or blood test.
However, new research has uncovered a possible link between the expression of a key brain molecule and the diagnosis of mood disorders.
Some evidence suggests people with bipolar disorder have less gray matter in certain parts of the brain, including the temporal and frontal lobes. These brain areas help regulate emotions and control inhibitions.
Stress, whether biologically or psychologically mediated, is responsible for the initiation and progression of the diathesis. Bipolar spectrum disorders have a strong genetic component; severe life stresses acting through various paths cause the illness phenotype.
Bipolar disorder (BD) is unique among psychiatric conditions in that its symptoms swing between two opposite mood states: mania and depression.1 Almost 70 years INFLAMMATION CIRCADIAN RHYTHM NEUROPROGRESSION IN
Neuroimaging and postmortem studies have found abnormalities in a variety of brain regions, and most commonly implicated regions include the ventral prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Dysfunction in emotional circuits located in these regions have been hypothesized as a mechanism for bipolar disorder.
Some evidence suggests people with bipolar disorder have less gray matter in certain parts of the brain, including the temporal and frontal lobes. These brain areas help regulate emotions and control inhibitions.
Stress, whether biologically or psychologically mediated, is responsible for the initiation and progression of the diathesis. Bipolar spectrum disorders have a INFLAMMATION CIRCADIAN RHYTHM NEUROPROGRESSION IN
Is bipolar disorder a biopsychosocial disorder?
The purpose of this chapter is to review current research on the diagnosis, epidemiology, course, etiology, and treatment of bipolar disorder (BD).
BD has traditionally been viewed as a purely biologically based group of disorders, but BD episodes are best understood within a biopsychosocial framework.
Is bipolar disorder a mental illness?
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness characterized by changes in mood that alternate between mania and hypomania or between depression and mixed states, often associated with functional impairment.
Although effective pharmacological and non-pharmacological ..
What is bipolar disorder (BD)?
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness characterized by changes in mood that alternate between mania and hypomania or between depression and mixed states, often associated with functional impairment.
Although effective pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are available, several patients with BD remain symptomatic.
What is the etiology of bipolar disorder?
Etiology of bipolar disorders.
The cause of bipolar disorder (BD) is still unknown.
However, it has been established that the dynamic interplay between genetic, neurochemical, and environmental factors plays a role in the onset and progression of BD.
Bipolar spectrum disorder
Bipolar II disorder (BP-II) is a mood disorder on the bipolar spectrum, characterized by at least one episode of hypomania and at least one episode of major depression.
Diagnosis for BP-II requires that the individual must never have experienced a full manic episode.
Otherwise, one manic episode meets the criteria for bipolar I disorder (BP-I).
Bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode
Bipolar I disorder is a type of bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, with or without mixed or psychotic features.
Most people also, at other times, have one or more depressive episodes.
Aspect of history
Cyclical variations in moods and energy levels have been recorded at least as far back as several thousand years.
The words melancholia and mania have their etymologies in Ancient Greek.
The word melancholia is derived from melas/μελας, meaning black, and chole/χολη, meaning bile or gall, indicative of the term's origins in pre-Hippocratic humoral theories.
A man known as Aretaeus of Cappadocia has the first records of analyzing the symptoms of depression and mania in the 1st century of Greece.
There is documentation that explains how bath salts were used to calm those with manic symptoms and also help those who are dealing with depression.
Even today, lithium is used as a treatment to bipolar disorder which is significant because lithium could have been an ingredient in the Greek bath salt.
Centuries passed and very little was studied or discovered.
It wasn't until the mid-19th century that a French psychiatrist by the name of Jean-Pierre Falret wrote an article describing circular insanity and this is believed to be the first recorded diagnosis of bipolar disorder.
Years later, in the early 1900s, Emil Kraepelin, a German psychiatrist, analyzed the influence of biology on mental disorders, including bipolar disorder.
His studies are still used as the basis of classification of mental disorders today.
Sleep is known to play an important role in the etiology and maintenance of bipolar disorder.
Patients with bipolar disorder often have a less stable and more variable circadian activity.
Circadian activity disruption can be apparent even if the person concerned is not currently ill.
Detailed analysis of management techniques for bipolar disorders
The emphasis of the treatment of bipolar disorder is on effective management of the long-term course of the illness, which can involve treatment of emergent symptoms.
Treatment methods include pharmacological and psychological techniques.
Bipolar spectrum disorder
Bipolar II disorder (BP-II) is a mood disorder on the bipolar spectrum, characterized by at least one episode of hypomania and at least one episode of major depression.
Diagnosis for BP-II requires that the individual must never have experienced a full manic episode.
Otherwise, one manic episode meets the criteria for bipolar I disorder (BP-I).
Bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one manic or mixed episode
Bipolar I disorder is a type of bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, with or without mixed or psychotic features.
Most people also, at other times, have one or more depressive episodes.
Aspect of history
Cyclical variations in moods and energy levels have been recorded at least as far back as several thousand years.
The words melancholia and mania have their etymologies in Ancient Greek.
The word melancholia is derived from melas/μελας, meaning black, and chole/χολη, meaning bile or gall, indicative of the term's origins in pre-Hippocratic humoral theories.
A man known as Aretaeus of Cappadocia has the first records of analyzing the symptoms of depression and mania in the 1st century of Greece.
There is documentation that explains how bath salts were used to calm those with manic symptoms and also help those who are dealing with depression.
Even today, lithium is used as a treatment to bipolar disorder which is significant because lithium could have been an ingredient in the Greek bath salt.
Centuries passed and very little was studied or discovered.
It wasn't until the mid-19th century that a French psychiatrist by the name of Jean-Pierre Falret wrote an article describing circular insanity and this is believed to be the first recorded diagnosis of bipolar disorder.
Years later, in the early 1900s, Emil Kraepelin, a German psychiatrist, analyzed the influence of biology on mental disorders, including bipolar disorder.
His studies are still used as the basis of classification of mental disorders today.
Sleep is known to play an important role in the etiology and maintenance of bipolar disorder.
Patients with bipolar disorder often have a less stable and more variable circadian activity.
Circadian activity disruption can be apparent even if the person concerned is not currently ill.
Detailed analysis of management techniques for bipolar disorders
The emphasis of the treatment of bipolar disorder is on effective management of the long-term course of the illness, which can involve treatment of emergent symptoms.
Treatment methods include pharmacological and psychological techniques.
