EXERCISES IN MATHEMATICS Series F No. 2: Answers First









Differentiating logarithm and exponential functions

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EXERCISES IN MATHEMATICS Series F No. 2: Answers First

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Differentiating logarithm and exponential functions

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213369 EXERCISES IN MATHEMATICS Series F No. 2: Answers First

EXERCISES IN MATHEMATICS

Series F, No. 2: Answers

First Principles

1.Di®erentiate from ¯rst principlesy=x

2

¡4x.

Answer.We havey+±y=(x+±x)

2

¡4(x+±x). Subtractingy=x

2

¡4x

gives

±y=£(x+±x)

2 2

¡4x]

=x 2 +2x(±x)+(±x) 2

¡4x¡4(±x)¡x

2 +4x =2x(±x)¡4(±x)+(±x) 2

Dividing by±xgives±y

±x=2x¡4+±x;

and the limit as±x!0is dy dx= lim±x!0

µ±y

=2x¡4:

2.Di®erentiate from ¯rst principlesf(x)=1=x.

Answer.Subtractingy=1=xfromy+±y=1=(x+±x) gives

±y=1

x+±x¡1x=x¡(x+±x)(x+±x)x

¡±x

(x+±x)x:

Then, dividing by±xgives

±y

±x=¡1(x+±x)x;

from which lim

±x!0

µ±y

=dydx=¡1x 2 1

EXERCISES IN MATHEMATICS, G1

Composite Functions

3.Finddy=dxwheny=(x

2

¡5x+7)

4

Answer.De¯neu=(x

2

¡5x+ 7). Theny=u

4 , and hence dy du=4u 3 anddu dx=2x¡5:

By using the chain rule, we get

dy dx=dydu£dudx=4(x 2

¡5x+7)

3 (2x¡5):

4.Finddy=dxwheny=(p

x¡1=px) 5

Answer.De¯neu=(p

x¡1=px)=x 1 2 ¡x 1 2 . Theny=u 5

EXERCISES IN MATHEMATICS

Series F, No. 2: Answers

First Principles

1.Di®erentiate from ¯rst principlesy=x

2

¡4x.

Answer.We havey+±y=(x+±x)

2

¡4(x+±x). Subtractingy=x

2

¡4x

gives

±y=£(x+±x)

2 2

¡4x]

=x 2 +2x(±x)+(±x) 2

¡4x¡4(±x)¡x

2 +4x =2x(±x)¡4(±x)+(±x) 2

Dividing by±xgives±y

±x=2x¡4+±x;

and the limit as±x!0is dy dx= lim±x!0

µ±y

=2x¡4:

2.Di®erentiate from ¯rst principlesf(x)=1=x.

Answer.Subtractingy=1=xfromy+±y=1=(x+±x) gives

±y=1

x+±x¡1x=x¡(x+±x)(x+±x)x

¡±x

(x+±x)x:

Then, dividing by±xgives

±y

±x=¡1(x+±x)x;

from which lim

±x!0

µ±y

=dydx=¡1x 2 1

EXERCISES IN MATHEMATICS, G1

Composite Functions

3.Finddy=dxwheny=(x

2

¡5x+7)

4

Answer.De¯neu=(x

2

¡5x+ 7). Theny=u

4 , and hence dy du=4u 3 anddu dx=2x¡5:

By using the chain rule, we get

dy dx=dydu£dudx=4(x 2

¡5x+7)

3 (2x¡5):

4.Finddy=dxwheny=(p

x¡1=px) 5

Answer.De¯neu=(p

x¡1=px)=x 1 2 ¡x 1 2 . Theny=u 5
  1. log tan x derivative by first principle
  2. log sin x derivative by first principle
  3. log(sec x^2) derivative by first principle
  4. derivative of cos(log x) by first principle
  5. find derivative of log x by first principle
  6. derivative of log sec x by first principle
  7. derivative of log cos inverse x by first principle
  8. derivative of log cos root x by first principle