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[PDF] Academic Perspectives of Systems Engineering - Johns Hopkins

29076_329_04_Seymour.pdf JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 ?2011?

377

Academic Perspectives of Systems Engineering

INTRODUCTION

ystems engineering at APL addresses the disciplined design, integration,

testing, and decision support necessary to develop complex systems that contribute to meeting critical national challenges. Systems engineer-

ing is so essential to meeting the needs of the public and private sectors that academic education in systems engineering will continue to increase in demand. -

doctoral levels, emphasis on research and quantitative methods, and competition from regional and national universities for students and research funding. As

we look to the future, The Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering and APL are taking measures to meet the challenges associated with these continuing trends, to identify needs in systems engineering education as they emerge, and to determine how to best address those needs. It is an exciting time to be a systems engineer. JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 ?2011? 378
S. J.

SEYMOUR

R. R. LUMAN

PERSPECTIVES OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

Table 1.

Comparison of systems perspectives. JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 ?2011?

379

ACADEMIC PERSPECTIVES OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

Systems Scope

Systems Domains

Figure 1.

The scope of systems in terms of scale and complexity.

Figure 2.

Systems engineering domains. JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 ?2011? 380
S. J.

SEYMOUR

R. R. LUMAN Relationship of Systems Engineering to Other Fields

Evolution of Systems Engineering Models

Figure 3. The interfaces of systems engineering to other ?elds. JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 ?2011?

381

ACADEMIC PERSPECTIVES OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

Life cycleprocesses

System validation plan

System verification plan(system acceptance)

Subsystem

verification plan(subsystemacceptance)

Unit/device

test plan

Implementation

Development processes

Document/approval

Timeline

Feasibilitystudy/conceptexplorationRegionalarchitec-ture(s)Operations andmaintenanceChangesandupgradesRetirement/replacement

Concept ofoperations

Detailed

designUnit/devicetestingHigh-level designSystem validation

Subsystem

verificationSystem requirements

Decomposition

and definitionIntegration andrecomposition Systemverification and deployment

Software/hardwaredevelopmentfield installation

Requirements

analysis (problem definition)

Functional

definition

Physical

definition

Design

validation

Objectives

Requirements

Functions

System

model

Validated system model

(synthesis, physical analysis, and allocation)

Concept

developmentEngineering developmentPost development

Mission and Requirements

Analysis

Functional

analysis

Concept formulation

Requirements

allocation

Design optimization

Design synthesis

E ffectiveness analysis

System integration

System

testing and evaluation

Logistics support

analysis

Producibility

analysis

Specification generation

12 3 4 5

Figure 4.

Examples of systems engineering approaches.

THE JHU MASTER OF SCIENCE IN SYSTEMS

ENGINEERING PROGRAM

JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 ?2011? 382
S. J.

SEYMOUR

R. R. LUMAN

Customerrequirements

Brainstorming

War roomsUsers-operators

market pullOrganizational structures Project managerattributes/authorityPricing/estimating

Market assessment

Technical performance

BudgetCDR

Configuration

managementWin!

Contracting

Needs AnalysisConcept Exploration

Production/Manufacturing

Testing and Evaluation and Operational SupportDesign/Technology Validation/Engineering Development

Concept/Program Definition

PDRPlanning

Draw a cartoon

Direction, monitor,

controlSpecifications

Design

Logistics

Warehousing

SalesDelivery

Install/acceptance

ScheduleWork

breakdownstructureRiskassessmentplanFunctional/systemblock diagram

System integrationand verification

System testing

and evaluation

Field testingand evaluation

Productionquantities

System

fabricationQuality managementRFP/BAA

Discussion

Collaboration

Systems

engineeringDevelop prototype Task work orders Work authorizations

Evaluate prototype"beta tests"

Linear responsibility charts Critical path analysis

Operation andmaintenance

Project closeout Follow-on?Form project office Start work

Preliminary system/

product conceptdefinition Concept New product idea Technology push

Budget and schedules

PERT and Gantt charts Proposal Statement of work Product definition statement Communications and financial management all the time

System Use

Figure 5.

Life-cycle systems engineering view. CDR, critical design review; PDR, preliminary design review; RFP/BAA, request for pro-

posal/broad agency announcement. JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 ?2011?

383

ACADEMIC PERSPECTIVES OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

JHU SYSTEMS INSTITUTE AND PH.D. PROGRAM

ACADEMIC RESEARCH

JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 ?2011? 384
S. J.

SEYMOUR

R. R. LUMAN

THE INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON SYSTEMS

ENGINEERING

APL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING EDUCATION

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND

MATHEMATICS ?STEM? EDUCATION

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING ACADEMIC

CHALLENGES

Reference Curriculum

JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 ?2011?

385

ACADEMIC PERSPECTIVES OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

Quality of Content

Academic Rigor

Table 2.

Examples of STEM-related programs at APL. JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 29, NUMBER 4 ?2011? 386
S. J.