Exercises on development of working of buildings. What are the benefits of auto cad in civil engineering point of view? 3. What are the limitations of ...
09-Mar-2022 Autocad. For Civil Engineering Drawing Exercises is welcoming in our digital library an online right of entry to it is set as public ...
provides an object-oriented view of your engineering data. For more information see the AutoCAD Civil Help topic The Toolspace Window. This exercise
This course is designed to provide civil engineering undergraduates with basic understanding of the theory and practice of engineering drawings.
This text takes a hands-on exercise-intensive approach to all the important concepts of Engineering. Graphics
09-May-2022 What's more the tutorial exercises in this text have been expanded to cover the performance tasks found on the AutoCAD 2022 Certified User.
This course is designed to provide civil engineering undergraduates with basic understanding of the theory and practice of engineering drawings.
VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. (AUTONOMOUS). Shamshabad Hyderabad - 501 218 (TS). DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING. COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING.
At the end of the programme a diploma holder in Civil Engineering will be able to: class room and actively participate in listening exercises.
Open Civil 3D and create the new drawing and project entitled “Exercise 1 DEM county drainage structure.dwg”. Use the Autocad Civil 3D imperial template file. 2
25506_3Computer_Aided_Drafting_of_Buildings_Lab_1.pdf
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VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(AUTONOMOUS)
Shamshabad, Hyderabad - 501 218 (TS)
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING
IN CIIVIL ENGINEERING
LAB MANUAL
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SYLLABUS
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Introduction to various CAD commands with simple examples
2. Line diagrams of different structures
3. Isometric exercises
4. Doors and Windows
5. Calculation of area of closed traverse.
6. Plan, section and elevation of residential building
7. Plan, section and elevation of public building
8. Plan, section and elevation of multistoried building
9. Preparation of Site plan of a Residential building
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1. Experiment
Introduction to various CAD commands with simple examples
The function Keys
F1------------------------------------------------------------------------------------HELP
F2------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AUTOCAD TEXT WINDOW
F3------------------------------------------------------------------------------------OBJECT SNAP
F4------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3D OBJECT SNAP
F5------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ISOMETRIC SNAP
F6------------------------------------------------------------------------------------DYNAMIC UCS F7------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GRID ON/OFF F8------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORTHO F9------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SNAP F10-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------POLAR
F11-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------OBJECTSNAP TRACKING
F12-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------DYNAMIC INPUT
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Starting a new drawing: Click on the Auto Cad icon on the top left corner on the screen, select new->drawing->Sheet Sets->select any of the files in the folder.
The UNITS : Command
In AutoCAD it is suggested that you draw everything at full scale or 1: 1 scale, and plot the drawing at the required scale factor later. Once you have chosen your desired units from the startup menu, you then use the UNITS command to set your readout only. The type of units chosen determines how AutoCAD interprets coordinate and angle command entries. The 'Insertion scale' area indicates again your base units. AutoCAD offers various types ofunits of measure for use on your drawings. Before setting up the parameters of the drawing, first set up the units so that the readout displays the required units. Decimal mode may be used for metric units as well as for imperial units. Be sure you have set up your file correctly for the units that you require.
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The decimal unit type will display one millimeter for one unit. Specify the number of decimal places for your readout using precision. The engineering and architectural modes assume that one drawing unit equals one inch. Fractional and scientific settings will give readout in those specific units. Again, the UNITS command only sets the readout. If you are setting your UNITS in inches, but your 'Insertion scale' is millimeters, then you will have problems later. The UNITS command can be accessed either through the command line or through the UNITS dialog box from the Format pull-down menu at the top of your screen.
The LIMITS Command
LIMITS set a flexible general size for your drawing. LIMITS set the size of your screen and the area covered by the screen grid. Unlike drawing on paper, you can change the LIMITS size at
any time. It simply gives you a place to start and helps provide a visual size that you can identify
with. The command line equivalent is LIMITS. Setting LIMITS does not limit your model; it
merely lets you determine how big the finished product might be. You can reset the LIMITS at any time simply by picking new points on the screen. ZOOM All (Z enter A enter) allows you to view the size you have chosen. Setting LIMITS, SNAP and GRID LIMITS set an overall size for your design. SNAP sets an increment that the cursor will move by. GRID sets a visual aid to help you place objects, and is often set to twice the SNAP value. The grid will extend over the area given by the LIMITS command.
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LIMITS enter specify the lower left corner as origin (0,0), specify the upper right corner as ( paper size) Paper Size:
A0:841x1189 mm
A1:594x841 mm
A2:420x594 mm
A3:297x420 mm
A4:210x297 mm
Using the function keys F7 (grid) and F9 (snap)
Using the line command , F3(Osnap), F8 (ortho) and F10(polar)
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DRAWING TOOLS:
Goto menu bar->select tools->tool bars->Autocad->select Draw
1. Line: command (L) Creates straight line segments.
2. Construction line (XL) Creates a construction line of infinite length. Xlines are useful for
creating construction and reference lines, and for trimming boundaries.
3. Poly line (PL) Creates a 2D polyline, a single object that is composed of line and arc
segments. A 2D polyline is a connected sequence of segments created as a single planar object. You can create straight line segments, arc segments, or a combination of the two.
4. CIRCLE: command (C) Creates a circle. Center Point Draws a circle based on a center
point and a diameter or a radius. Radius Defines the radius of the circle. Enter a value, or specify a point. For example: Diameter Defines the diameter of the circle. Enter a value, or specify a second point. For example:
5. POLYGON ( POL) Creates an equilateral closed polyline. You can specify the different
parameters of the polygon including the number of sides. The difference between the inscribed and circumscribed options is shown.
6. RECTANGLE (REC) Creates a rectangular polyline
7. ARC (A) Creates an arc. To create an arc, you can specify combinations of center,
endpoint, start point, radius, angle, chord length, and direction values. Arcs are drawn in a counterclockwise direction by default. Hold down the Ctrl key as you drag to draw in a clockwise direction
8. Spline (SPL) Creates a smooth curve that passes through or near a set of fit points, or
that is defined by the vertices in a control frame. SPLINE creates curves called nonuniform rational B-splines (NURBS), referred to as splines for simplicity. Splines are defined either with fit points, or with control vertices. By default, fit points coincide with the spline, while control vertices define a control frame. Control frames provide a convenient method to shape the spline. Each method has its advantages.
MODIFYING TOOLS:
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Tools->Tool bar->AutoCad->Modify
1. Erase (E) Removes objects from a drawing. You can erase selected objects from the
drawing. This method does not move objects to the Clipboard, where they can then be pasted to another location. If you are working with 3D objects, you can also erase subobjects such as faces, meshes, and vertices. (Not applicable to AutoCAD LT.) Instead of selecting objects to erase, you can enter an option, such as L to erase the last object drawn, p to erase the previous selection set, or ALL to erase all objects. You can also enter ? to get a list of all options
2. Copy (CO) Copies objects a specified distance in a specified direction.
3. MOVE(M) Moves objects a specified distance in a specified direction. Use coordinates,
grid snaps, object snaps, and other tools to move objects with precision
4. MIRROR(MI) Creates a mirrored copy of selected objects. You can create objects that
represent half of a drawing, select them, and mirror them across a specified line to create the other half.
5. OFFSET(O) Creates concentric circles, parallel lines, and parallel curves. You can offset
an object at a specified distance or through a point. After you offset objects, you can trim and extend them as an efficient method to create drawings containing many parallel lines and curves
6. ARRAY (AR) Creates copies of objects arranged in a pattern.
7. TRIM(TR) Trims objects to meet the edges of other objects.
8. EXTEND(EX) Extends objects to meet the edges of other objects. To extend objects, first
select the boundaries. Then press Enter and select the objects that you want to extend. To use all objects as boundaries, press Enter at the first Select Objects prompt
9. FILLET (F) Rounds and fillets the edges of objects. F ENTER R ENTER ENTER THE RADIUS
ENTER , SELECT FIRST EDGE, SELECT THE SECOND EDGE.
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10. CHAMFER (CHA) Bevels the edges of objects
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2. Experiment
Line diagrams of different structures
Using the above exercise (experiment-1) commands draw the below shown line diagrams in the software.
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3. Experiment
ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS
For isometric drawings right click on the SNAP in status bar select settings and check on
ISOMETRICSNAP
Note: while working in Isometric snap ORTHO must be ON so that to work in exact directions. To work on isometric and to cycle the top, left and right isometric drawings the function key
F5 is used
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While working in isometricsnap use ellipse->isocircle. And cycle F5 for working in isometric drawings
EXCERSISES:
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4. EXPERIMENT
Doors and Windows
You can create a style using default style properties or by copying an existing style. After you create the style, you edit the style properties to customize the characteristics of the style. You can also create a door/window assembly tool based on the newly created door/window assembly style. When you use the tool to add door/window assemblies, each door/window assembly has the style specific to the tool.
1. Click Manage tab Style & Display panel Style Manager .
2. Expand Architectural Objects Door/Window Assembly Styles.
3. Create a new door/window assembly style:
4. Enter a name for the new door/window assembly style, and press Enter.
5. Edit the new door/window assembly style. You can do any of the following:
define the elements of a door/window assembly style assign element definitions to the door/window assembly style add door/window assembly element definitions as display components specify layer, color and linetype settings for the display components of a door/window assembly specify door/window assembly hatching add custom graphics as display components of a door/window assembly style create individual cut planes for door/window assembly styles specify the materials of the door/window assembly style add notes and files to the style
6. When you finish specifying the properties of the door/window assembly style, click OK.
7. If you want to assign the style to a door/window assembly tool, drag the style from the
Style Manager to a tool palette.
You can later rename the tool and specify other properties for it.
8. Click OK.
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5. EXPERIMENT
Calculation of area, of closed traverse.
1. Click Home tabUtilities panelMeasure drop-downArea. Find
2. At the prompt, enter o (Object).
3. Select an object.
Use Commands to Calculate Area
1. With the MEASUREGEOM and AREA commands, you can specify a series of points or
select an object to find the enclosed area.
2. In addition to area, with the MEASUREGEOM command, you can obtain geometric
information from objects such as distance, radius, angle, and volume. Tip: A fast way to find the area bounded by several objects in 2D is to use the BOUNDARY command to create a closed region or polyline. You can then use the Properties palette or the
LIST command to find the area and perimeter.
Define an Area
You can measure an area enclosed by the points you specify. The points must lie on a plane parallel to the XY plane of the current UCS. Calculate the Area, Perimeter, or Circumference of an Object You can calculate the enclosed area and perimeter or circumference of circles, ellipses, polylines, polygons, regions, and 3D solids. The information displayed depends on the type of object selected: Circles. Displays area and circumference information.
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Ellipses, closed polylines, polygons, planar closed spline curves, and regions. Displays area and perimeter information. For wide polylines, this area is defined by the center of the width. Open objects such as open spline curves and open polylines. Displays the area and length; the area is calculated as though a straight segment connects the start and end. AutoCAD 3D solids. Displays the total 3D area of the object.
Example: How Various Areas Are Calculated
Calculate Combined Areas
You can calculate the total area of multiple areas by specifying points or by selecting objects. For example, you can measure the total area of selected rooms in a floor plan. You can subtract areas from other areas. more than one area from a combined area as you calculate. For example, if you have calculated the area of a floor plan, you can subtract the area of a room.If you convert enclosed areas into regions, you can add or subtract them to create a composite area, and use the Properties palette or LIST command to find the information you need.
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Calculate Mass Properties
With the MASSPROP command, you can analyze 2D regions and 3D solids for their mass properties including volume, area, moments of inertia, center of gravity, and so on. The result of the computations can be saved to a text file.
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6. EXPERIMENT
Plan, section and elevation of residential building
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7. EXPERIMENT
Plan, section and elevation of public building
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8. EXPERIMENT
Plan, section and elevation of multistoried building
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9. EXPERIMENT
Preparation of Site plan of a Residential building A site plan is an architectural plan, landscape architecture document, and a detailed engineering drawing of proposed improvements to a given lot. ... A site plan is a "set of construction drawings that a builder or contractor uses to make improvements to a property. A site plan usually shows a building footprint, travel ways, parking, drainage facilities, sanitary sewer lines, water lines, trails, lighting, and landscaping and garden elements. A plot plan is an architecture, engineering, and/or landscape architecture plan drawingdiagram which shows the buildings, utility runs, and equipment layout, the position of roads, and other constructions of an existing or proposed project site at a defined scale. Plot plans are also known more commonly as site plans. In architecture and building engineering, a floor plan is a drawing to scale, showing a view from above, of the relationships between rooms, spaces, traffic patterns, and other physical features at one level of a structure. Dimensions are usually drawn between the walls to specify room sizes and wall lengths.
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