LIFE PROCESSES Class 10 Biology TRANSPORTATION PART 1




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LIFE PROCESSES Class 10 Biology TRANSPORTATION PART 1 32039_7X_Life_processes_Transportation__Module_1_of_4.pdf

LIFE PROCESSES

Class 10 Biology

TRANSPORTATION

PART 1/4

Mrs. Angelika Sen

TGT (Bio/Chem)

AECS -5 Mumbai

TRANSPORTATION IN HUMAN BEINGS

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

The circulatory system in the human beings is made up of the fluid connective tissue called blood , the vessels and

the heart. Blood consists of a fluid medium called plasma in which the cells are suspended.

There is a pumping organ to push blood around the body, a network of tubes to reach blood to all the tissues and a

system in place to ensure that this network can be repaired if damaged. PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM / THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

1) THE HEART

2) BLOOD

3) THE BLOOD VESSELS (ARTERIES, VEINS AND CAPILLARIES)

Slide 1

THE HUMAN HEART

The size of the heart is the of a clenched fist and it is located between the lungs in the thoracic cavity. A two layered sac called PERICARDIUMencloses the heart. It is made up of MYOCARDIUMi.e. cardiac muscles which is seen to contract and relax rhythmically throughout life. The heart is located towards the left side of our thoracic cavity.

The heart has 4 prominent chambers.

The upper two chambers are called the Atria or the Auricles

The lower two chambers are called the ventricles

The oxygenated and deoxygenated blood are kept separate in the left and right side of the heart respectively. The walls of the auricles are thinner than that of the ventricles as they send blood only to the ventricles, situated below them. The walls of the ventricles are thicker as theysend blood to the different parts of the body.

Slide 2

THE HUMAN HEART

The wall of the left ventricle is thickest as it sends blood to all the body parts through the aorta.

The left auricle and ventricle has the bicuspid/mitral valve. The right auricle and ventricle has the tricuspid valve. The 4 chambers are separated by the septum(dividing wall). The right auricle gets deoxygenated blood via the vena cavas. The left auricle receives oxygenated blood via the pulmonary veins.

The right ventricle sends out deoxygenated blood via the pulmonary arteries to the lungs. This has the pulmonary valve.

The left ventricle sends out oxygenated blood via the aorta to the body parts. This has the aortic valve.

The valves prevent the backflow of blood.

Heart rate (at rest) = 75 beats per min

Slide 3

FLOW OF BLOOD THROUGH THE HEART

Deoxygenated blood from the body enters the relaxed right atrium. The right atrium now contracts, and simultaneously its lower chamber(the right ventricle) relaxes and the deoxygenated blood pours into it. Now the right ventricle contracts sending the blood through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs for oxygenation to take place. The oxygenated blood is seen to enter the relaxed left auricle through the pulmonary veins. Now the left auricle contracts sending the oxygenated blood to its lower chamber, the left ventricle which relaxes. The left ventricle on contracting sends the oxygenated blood out to all the body parts through the aorta.

Valves help to stop the back flow of the blood.

Slide 4

Source:

NCERT science text book

Google

Continued in Part 2


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