[PDF] GNU Emacs Reference Card execute a shell command asynchronously

View - Download GNU Emacs Reference Card

Previous PDF

Next PDF

GNU Emacs Reference Card

(for version 28)

Key Binding Notation

In the Emacs key binding notation,C-xisCtrl+X;M-xis usually

Alt+X;S-xisShift+X; andC-M-xisCtrl+Alt+X, etc.

Leaving Emacs

iconify Emacs (or suspend it in terminal)C-z exit Emacs permanentlyC-x C-c Files reada le into EmacsC-x C-f savea le back to diskC-x C-s savealllesC-x s insertcontents of another le into this buerC-x i replace this le with the le you really wantC-x C-v write buer to a specied leC-x C-w toggle read-only status of buerC-x C-q

Getting Help

The help system is simple. TypeC-h(orF1) and follow the di- rections. If you are a rst-time user, typeC-h tfor atutorial. remove help windowC-x 1 scroll help windowC-M-v apropos: show commands matching a stringC-h a describe the function a key runsC-h k describe a functionC-h f get mode-specic informationC-h m

Error Recovery

abortpartially typed or executing commandC-g recoverles lost by a system crashM-x recover-session undoan unwanted changeC-x u, C-_orC-/ restore a buer to its original contentsM-x revert-buffer redraw garbaged screenC-l

Incremental Search

search forwardC-s search backwardC-r regular expression searchC-M-s reverse regular expression searchC-M-r select previous search stringM-p select next search stringM-n exit incremental searchRET undo eect of last characterDEL abort current searchC-g UseC-sorC-ragain to repeat the search in either direction. If Emacs is still searching,C-gcancels only the part not matched. c

2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permissions on back.Motion

entity to move over backward forward characterC-b C-f wordM-b M-f lineC-p C-n go to line beginning (or end)C-a C-e sentenceM-a M-e paragraphM-{ M-} pageC-x [ C-x ] sexpC-M-b C-M-f functionC-M-a C-M-e go to buer beginning (or end)M-< M-> scroll to next screenC-v scroll to previous screenM-v scroll leftC-x < scroll rightC-x > scroll current line to center, top, bottomC-l goto lineM-g g goto charM-g c back to indentationM-m

Killing and Deleting

entity to kill backward forward character (delete, not kill)DEL C-d wordM-DEL M-d line (to end of)M-0 C-k C-k sentenceC-x DEL M-k sexpM-- C-M-k C-M-k killregionC-w copy region to kill ringM-w kill through next occurrence ofcharM-zchar yank back last thing killedC-y replace last yank with previous killM-y

Marking

set mark hereC-@orC-SPC exchange point and markC-x C-x set markargwordsawayM-@ markparagraphM-h markpageC-x C-p marksexpC-M-@ markfunctionC-M-h mark entirebuerC-x h

Query Replace

interactively replace a text stringM-% using regular expressionsM-x query-replace-regexp

Valid responses in query-replace mode are

replacethis one, go on to nextSPCory replace this one, don't move, skipto next without replacingDELorn replace all remaining matches! back upto the previous match^ exitquery-replaceRET enter recursive edit (C-M-cto exit)C-rMultiple Windows When two commands are shown, the second is a similar com- mand for a frame instead of a window. delete all other windowsC-x 1 C-x 5 1 split window, above and belowC-x 2 C-x 5 2 delete this windowC-x 0 C-x 5 0 split window, side by sideC-x 3 scroll other windowC-M-v switch cursor to another windowC-x o C-x 5 o select buer in other windowC-x 4 b C-x 5 b display buer in other windowC-x 4 C-o C-x 5 C-o nd le in other windowC-x 4 f C-x 5 f nd le read-only in other windowC-x 4 r C-x 5 r run Dired in other windowC-x 4 d C-x 5 d nd tag in other windowC-x 4 . C-x 5 . grow window tallerC-x ^ shrink window narrowerC-x { grow window widerC-x }

Formatting

indent currentline(mode-dependent)TAB indentregion(mode-dependent)C-M-\ indentsexp(mode-dependent)C-M-q indent region rigidlyargcolumnsC-x TAB indent for commentM-; insert newline after pointC-o move rest of line vertically downC-M-o delete blank lines around pointC-x C-o join line with previous (with arg, next)M-^ delete all white space around pointM-\ put exactly one space at pointM-SPC ll paragraphM-q set ll column toargC-x f set prex each line starts withC-x .

Case Change

uppercase wordM-u lowercase wordM-l capitalize wordM-c uppercase regionC-x C-u lowercase regionC-x C-l

The Minibuer

The following keys are dened in the minibuer.

complete as much as possibleTAB complete up to one wordSPC complete and executeRET show possible completions? fetch previous minibuer inputM-p fetch later minibuer input or defaultM-n regexp search backward through historyM-r regexp search forward through historyM-s abort commandC-g TypeC-x ESC ESCto edit and repeat the last command that used the minibuer. TypeF10to activate menu bar items on text terminals.

GNU Emacs Reference Card

Buers select another buerC-x b list all buersC-x C-b kill a buerC-x k

Transposing

transposecharactersC-t transposewordsM-t transposelinesC-x C-t transposesexpsC-M-t

Spelling Check

check spelling of current wordM-$ check spelling of all words in regionM-x ispell-region check spelling of entire buerM-x ispell-buffer toggle on-the- y spell checkingM-x flyspell-mode Tags nd a tag (a denition)M-. specify a new tags leM-x visit-tags-table regexp search on all les in tags tableM-x tags-search run query-replace on all the lesM-x tags-query-replace continue last tags search or query-replaceM-,

Shells

execute a shell commandM-! execute a shell command asynchronouslyM-& run a shell command on the regionM-| lter region through a shell commandC-u M-| start a shell in window*shell* M-x shell

Rectangles

copy rectangle to registerC-x r r kill rectangleC-x r k yank rectangleC-x r y open rectangle, shifting text rightC-x r o blank out rectangleC-x r c prex each line with a stringC-x r t

Abbrevs

add global abbrevC-x a g add mode-local abbrevC-x a l add global expansion for this abbrevC-x a i g add mode-local expansion for this abbrevC-x a i l explicitly expand abbrevC-x a e expand previous word dynamicallyM-/

Miscellaneous

numeric argumentC-unum negative argumentM-- quoted insertC-qcharRegular Expressions any single character except a newline.(dot) zero or more repeats* one or more repeats+ zero or one repeat? quote special characters\ quote regular expression special characterc\c alternative (\or")\| grouping\(:::\) shy grouping\(?::::\) explicit numbered grouping\(?NUM::::\) same text asnth group\n at word break\b not at word break\B entity match start match end line^ $ word\< \> symbol\_< \_> buer\` \' class of characters match these match others explicit set[:::] [^:::] word-syntax character\w \W character with syntaxc\sc\Sc character with categoryc\cc\Cc

International Character Sets

specify principal languageC-x RET l show all input methodsM-x list-input-methods enable or disable input methodC-\ set coding system for next commandC-x RET c show all coding systemsM-x list-coding-systems choose preferred coding systemM-x prefer-coding-system Info enter the Info documentation readerC-h i nd specied function or variable in InfoC-h S

Moving within a node:

scroll forwardSPC scroll reverseDEL beginning of nodeb

Moving between nodes:

nextnoden previousnodep moveupu select menu item by namem selectnth menu item by number (1{9)n follow cross reference (return withl)f return to last node you sawl return to directory noded go to top node of Info let go to any node by nameg

Other:

run Infotutorialh look up a subject in the indicesi search nodes for regexps quitInfoqRegisters save region in registerC-x r s insert register contents into buerC-x r i save value of point in registerC-x r SPC jump to point saved in registerC-x r j

Keyboard Macros

startdening a keyboard macroC-x ( endkeyboard macro denitionC-x ) executelast-dened keyboard macroC-x e append to last keyboard macroC-u C-x ( name last keyboard macroM-x name-last-kbd-macro insert Lisp denition in buerM-x insert-kbd-macro

Commands Dealing with Emacs Lisp

evalsexpbefore pointC-x C-e eval currentdefunC-M-x evalregionM-x eval-region read and eval minibuerM-: load a Lisp library fromload-pathM-x load-library

Simple Customization

customize variables and facesM-x customize Making global key bindings in Emacs Lisp (example): (global-set-key (kbd "C-c g") 'search-forward) (global-set-key (kbd "M-#") 'query-replace-regexp)

Writing Commands

(defuncommand-name(args) "documentation" (interactive "template") body)

An example:

(defun this-line-to-top-of-window (line) "Reposition current line to top of window.

With prefix argument LINE, put point on LINE."

(interactive "P") (recenter (if (null line) 0 (prefix-numeric-value line)))) Theinteractivespec says how to read arguments interac- tively. TypeC-h f interactive RETfor more details.

Copyright

c

2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

For GNU Emacs version 28

Designed by Stephen Gildea

Released under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3 or later.

For more Emacs documentation, and the T

EX source for this card, see

the Emacs distribution, orhttps://www.gnu.org/software/emacsquotesdbs_dbs14.pdfusesText_20

[PDF] bash pocket reference pdf

[PDF] bash quick start guide

[PDF] bash read command manual

[PDF] bash script echo

[PDF] bash scripting cookbook pdf

[PDF] bash scripting pdf

[PDF] bash sed command manual

[PDF] bash shell cookbook pdf

[PDF] bash shell scripting cheat sheet pdf

[PDF] bash sort command manual

[PDF] bash textbook

[PDF] bash tutorial advanced

[PDF] bash tutorial mac

[PDF] bash tutorial online

[PDF] bash tutorial reddit