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DIRECTORATE FOR

MATHEMATICAL & PHYSICAL SCIENCES

2020

DIRECTORATE FOR

MATHEMATICAL & PHYSICAL SCIENCES

The NSF Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences consists of the Divisions of Astronomical Sciences, Chemistry, Materials Research, Mathematical Sciences, and Physics, as well as the Oce of Multidisciplinary Activities. These organizations constitute the basic structure for MPS support of research and workforce development. The MPS divisions support both disciplinary and interdisciplinary activities and partner with each other and with other NSF directorates to promote basic research across the scientic disciplines.

MPS MISSION STATEMENT

The mission of MPS is to harness the collective eorts of the mathematical and physical sciences communities to address the most compelling scientic questions, educate the future advanced workforce, and promote discoveries to meet the needs of the Nation.

NSF MISSION

To promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense; and for other purposes.

NSF VISION

A Nation that creates and exploits new concepts in science and engineering and provides global leadership in research and education.

DIRECTORATE FOR MATHEMATICAL & PHYSICAL SCIENCES

OFFICE OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY ACTIVITIES

DIVISION OF

ASTRONOMICAL

SCIENCESDIVISION OF

CHEMISTRYDIVISION OF

MATERIALS

RESEARCHDIVISION OF

MATHEMATICAL

SCIENCESDIVISION OF

PHYSICS

MPS

Dear Reader:

The Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS) of the National Science Foundation supports fundamental research in astronomy, chemistry, materials, mathematics, and physics. This research excites our imaginations and changes our lives, expanding the frontiers of knowledge and providing a foundation that supports economic growth, public health, and national security. Fundamental discoveries in the mathematical and physical sciences are the bedrock of technological innovation. MPS investments rest on the long march of transformative ideas to societal benets: some benets occur in a few years and others take many decades to develop. MPS-funded research propels the nation"s investments in a host of important areas such as sustainable energy and food supplies, cyberinfrastructure, and new materials. Just a few illustrations of the practical consequences of research in mathematical and physical sciences are the evolution of medical imaging technology, the development of ultrasensitive biological and chemical detectors, advances in improved battery technologies, and transformations in electronics, photonics, and optics. Recent breakthroughs, such as the rst image of a black hole, capture the world"s imagination and would not have been possible without MPS investment and support of senior researchers and trainees alike. The MPS annual budget is over a billion dollars, and it funds research that covers a large intellectual space. It supports projects ranging from exploration of the intersections of the life sciences, the physical sciences, and mathematics to discovery of the very nature of matter, space, time, and the physical laws governing the universe. MPS serves as steward for two of NSF"s “Big Ideas," Quantum Leap and Windows on the Universe. Quantum Leap funds research on quantum mechanics and materials that will unlock future technologies. Windows on the Universe will expand our understanding of the cosmos through new techniques in observation. The Directorate is also the steward of two new major national initiatives, Quantum Information Sciences and 5G/Spectrum Innovation, and actively participates in AI projects as well. You can learn more about the Big ideas at and about the Industries of the Future at https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/ uploads/2020/02/FY21-Fact-Sheet-IOTF.pdf This brochure provides an introduction to the research we support at universities and laboratories throughout the nation, and we invite you to learn more about MPS on our web site at www.nsf.gov/MPS

Best regards,

Sean L. Jones

Assistant Director

National Science Foundation

Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences 4

DIRECTORATE FOR MATHEMATICAL & PHYSICAL SCIENCES

Grant Personnel FY 2019 MPS

Distribution of people supported by MPS.

MPS Research and Related Activities Funding

Constant dollars show the purchasing power of the MPS budget.

250 3

251 3

254 3

0 3 3 4 3 1 3 M 3

25 3

25M 3iloolns63

7l689o3Ct9a

2 2220 2D21 2r24 2A2M 2c

Req. = Requested

Data provided from NSF Budget Requests to Congress, www.nsf.gov/about/budget 5 MPS

MPS Funding Rates and Number of Actions

Graph shows number of proposals submitted and awarded Research Grants (as defined by NSF) and resultant funding rates. Funding rate is defined as the percentage of new or renewal proposals awarded funding.

Note: The funding re?ects the average for the Directorate and may not represent funding rates in individual Divisions or programs

6

DIVISION OF ASTRONOMICAL SCIENCES (AST)

MISSION

The mission of the Division of Astronomical

Sciences is to support forefront research in

ground-based astronomy; to help ensure scientic excellence of the U.S. astronomical community; to provide access to world- class research facilities through merit review; to support the development of new instrumentation and next-generation facilities; and to encourage broad understanding of the astronomical sciences by a diverse population of scientists, policy makers, educators, and the public at large.

The division supports research in all areas

of astronomy and astrophysics as well as related multidisciplinary studies. Because of the scale of modern astronomical research, the division engages in numerous interagency and international collaborations.

Areas of emphasis and the priorities of

specic programs are guided by community recommendations and federal advisory committees and developed by National

Academies decadal surveys.

ASTRONOMICAL FACILITIES

Through the national observatories and

international partnerships, AST supports a system of multi-user telescopes that enables transformational capabilities in radio and optical/infrared astronomy. In FY 2019,

AST accomplishments included continued

breakthrough science observations with all the Division"s facilities. Construction is nearing completion for NSF"s DanielK.

Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST), the

largest solar telescope in the world, atop

Haleakal peak on Maui, Hawaii, which will

be operational in 2021. Construction of the

Vera C. Observatory is also progressing, with

survey observations scheduled to begin in

FY2023. The division is proud of the unique

capabilities and recent discoveries provided by all its observatories.

AST invested 61% of its FY 2019 research

appropriation in the management and operation of national, ground-based, astronomical facilities. The researchers using these facilities made a multitude of important discoveries, reported in scientic journals and the popular press.

First Light for NSF"s Daniel K. Inouye Solar

Telescope (DKIST)

The DKIST telescope will revolutionize our

understanding of the Sun as both a star and as the primary driver of the space weather and solar storms that impact our Earth. With a 4-m aperture, it is the world"s largest solar telescope. The image shows the most detailed image of the Sun"s surface ever recorded with a resolution of approximately 30 km at the distance of the Sun, and it previews science yet to come.

Credit: NSO/NSF/AURA

Contact Information

DIVISION DIRECTOR

Dr. Ralph A. Gaume

DEPUTY DIVISION DIRECTOR

Dr. James E. Ne?

NSF DIVISION OF ASTRONOMICAL SCIENCES 2415 Eisenhower Avenue

Alexandria, VA 22314 Phone: (703) 292-8820

Fax: (703) 292-9034

Web: www.nsf.gov/AST

7 AST

PROGRAMS IN

ASTRONOMICAL SCIENCES

INDIVIDUAL INVESTIGATOR PROGRAMS

• Astronomy and Astrophysics Research

Grants (AAG)

• Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowships (AAPF) • Advanced Technologies and Instrumentation (ATI) • Faculty Early Career Development Program (CAREER)

• Major Research Instrumentation (MRI)

• Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU-Sites) • Spectrum and Wireless Innovation enabled by Future Technologies (SWIFT)

MID-SCALE INNOVATIONS PROGRAM

(MSIP)

The Mid-Scale Innovations Program

supports astronomical projects up to $30 million. MSIP currently supports an optical survey that will generate over 300 all-sky images per year, an ultra-high-resolution radio telescope program for observing the black hole at the center of the Milky

Way galaxy, projects that are exploring the

cosmic microwave background, a new wide- eld bolometer camera for millimeter-wave observations of distant galaxies, and a low frequency radio array with 350 telescopes to study very early times when the universe transitioned from darkness to being lit by the rst stars and galaxies. MSIP is oered every two years.

LARGE FACILITIES

• Arecibo Observatory

• Green Bank Observatory

• NSF"s National Optical-Infrared

Astronomy Research Laboratory

• National Radio Astronomy Observatory

• National Solar Observatory

LARGE FACILITIES UNDER

CONSTRUCTION

• Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope

• Vera C. Rubin Observatory

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

MANAGEMENT (ESM)

AST represents the interests of NSF and

the scientic community in protecting access to the electromagnetic spectrum for research purposes. The sensitivity of telescopes can be compromised by electromagnetic interference from ground, airborne, and satellite radio transmissions and light pollution. ESM personnel protectquotesdbs_dbs35.pdfusesText_40

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