[PDF] The birth of tragedy or Hellenism and pessimism





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i. 1859: Tristan and Isolde. 231. 5. The School of Romanticism. 242. 3. The "Ring* and ihe Book. *57. 4. The Master Thinker of Bayreuth.





The birth of tragedy or Hellenism and pessimism

". Our father was thirty-one years of age and our mother not quite nineteen



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Does Movie Viewing Cultivate Unrealistic Expectations about Love

1 mai 2013 of Tristan and Isolde remain a part of our general definition of love ... According to Bachen and Illouz (1996)

FROM-THELIBRARYOF

TWNITYCOLLEGETORONTO

THECOMPLETEWORKS

OF

FRIEDRICHNIETZSCHE

EDITEDBY

DROSCARLEVY

VOLUMEONK

THEBIRTHOFTRAGEDY

FirstEdition1500Copies

SecondEdition1500Copies

ThirdEditionpublishedMay1923

2500Copies

ofwhichthisis

No.5.15

FRIEDRICHNIETZSCHE

THE

BIRTHOFTRAGEDY

OR

HELLENISMANDPESSIMISM

TRANSLATEDBY

WM.A.HAUSSMANN,PH.D.

LONDON:GEORGEALLENWUNWINLTD.

RUSKINHOUSE,40MUSEUMSTREET,W.C.i

NEWYORK:THEMACMILLANCOMPANY

D

FirstpublishedinEnglish1909

reserved]

CONTENTS.

PAGE

BIOGRAPHICALINTRODUCTIONvii

ANATTEMPTATSELF-CRITICISM--i

FOREWORDTORICHARDWAGNER-19

THEBIRTHOFTRAGEDY--21

INTRODUCTION.*

FREDERICKNIETZSCHEwasbornatRockennear

Ltitzen,inthePrussianprovinceofSaxony,on

thei5thofOctober1844,at10a.m.Theday happenedtobetheanniversaryofthebirthof

Altenburg,Elizabeth,GrandDuchessofOlden

tohiswittyandpioussovereign.Themeeting fatherreceivedhislivingatRocken "bysupreme

LudovicL

VlllINTRODUCTION.

ceremonyhespokeasfollows: "Thoublessed monthofOctober!formanyyearsthemost andmostgloriousofthemallbybaptisingmy littleboy!Oblissfulmoment!Oexquisite festival!Ounspeakablyholyduty!Inthe

LordsnameIblessthee!Withallmyheart

Iutterthesewords:Bringmethis,mybeloved

child,thatImayconsecrateituntotheLord.

Myson,FrederickWilliam,thusshaltthoube

namedonearth,asamementoofmyroyal benefactoronwhosebirthdaythouwastborn! "

Ourfatherwasthirty-oneyearsofage,andour

mothernotquitenineteen,whenmybrotherwas born.Ourmother,whowasthedaughterofa whicheveryonewaspleasedtoobserveinthem. andquitetheoldstyleofcomfortablecountry certainlynothavemetwithhisendasearlyashe didthatistosay,beforehisseventiethyearif asevereandfatalcold.Inregardtoourgrand-

INTRODUCTION.ix

allthatcanbesaidis,thatifallGermanwomen werepossessedofthehealthsheenjoyed,the

Germannationwouldexcelallothersfromthe

all.Itissaidthatthesightoftheseeleven wasnotbyanymeansallsunshine.Eachofthe itwasthereforenosimplemattertokeepthemin order.Moreover,thoughtheyalwaysshowedthe parentsevenasmiddle-agedmenandwomen averyoldfamily,whohadbeenextensiveland andamagnificentseatnearZeitzinPacht.When shemarried,herfathergavehercarriagesand horses,acoachman,acook,andakitchenmaid, whichforthewifeofaGermanministerwasthen, andisstill,somethingquiteexceptional.Asa resultofthewarsinthebeginningofthenine lostthegreaterpartofhisproperty.

XINTRODUCTION.

whomthreediedyoung.Ourgrandfatheronthis man;hissecondwifeourbelovedgrandmother good-naturedwoman.Thewholeofourfathers family,whichIonlygottoknowwhentheywere wastheyoungestson,and,thankstohisun gifts,whichonlytendedtobecomemoremarked ashegrewolder,hewasquitethefavouriteof thefamily.Blessedwithathoroughlysound constitution,asallaverredwhoknewhimatthe andrealmusicaltalent,andwasmoreoveraman

INTRODUCTION.xi

breakdowninTurin.Thefamilytraditionwas

Nietzky)hadobtainedthespecialfavourof

AugustustheStrong,KingofPoland,andhad

receivedtherankofEarlfromhim.When,how oursupposedancestorbecameinvolvedinacon

Hewassentencedtodeath;but,takingflight,

whogavehimasmallpostinanobscurelittle provincialtown.Occasionallyouragedaunts andwordsalwaysseemedtofailthemwhenthey goodbreeding,andvigour.Ourancestors,both ontheNietzscheandtheOehlerside,werevery accompaniedhome,hewasmetatthedoorofthe

XliINTRODUCTION.

stonesofthevicaragecourtyard.Asaresultof months,hediedonthe3OthofJuly1849.The spreadgloomoverthewholeofourchildhood.In

1850ourmotherwithdrewwithustoNaumburg

ontheSaale,whereshetookupherabodewithour widowedgrandmotherNietzsche;andthereshe which,besidesbeingtypicaloftheperiod,was thathemusthavebeentakenforapeasant-boy throughouthischildhoodandyouth,ashewasso whattomodifyhisrobustappearance.Hadhenot expressiveeyes,however,andhadhenotbeenso atallremarkableabouttheboy;forhewasboth modestandreserved.

INTRODUCTION.xiii

IntheautumnofI858,whenhewasfourteenyears

thescholarsithasproduced.There,too,very fromthepupils,withtheviewofinuringthemto shouldberememberedthathespeaksfromexperi enceinthisrespect.AtPfortahefollowedthe regularschoolcourse,andhedidnotenterauni competentjudgesweredoubtfulastowhetherhe becausehehadallowedthemtogrowforsucha

Ofcoursethiswasdoneamidgeneralandgraveex

XIVINTRODUCTION.

tionofhimasastudent:withhishealthycom

Thoughasachildhewasalwaysratherserious,

asaladandamanhewaseverinclinedtoseethe everythinghesaidordid,waspermeatedbyan extraordinaryharmony.Hebelongedtothevery fewwhocouldcontrolevenabadmoodandconceal itfromothers.Allhisfriendsareunanimousin laughthatseemedtocomefromtheverydepths beingwhoinbodyandspiritwasaharmonious withhisuncommonbodilystrength.

Theonlyabnormalthingabouthim,andsome

inhisschooldays.

INTRODUCTION.XV

IntheautumnofI864,hebeganhisuniversity

attheendofsixmonthshegaveuptheology,and

RitschltotheUniversityofLeipzig.Therehe

ledge.Butinthisrespectitwouldbeunfairto excellentteachersscholarsthatwouldhave intendingtotakeupphilologyasastudy,more onthisverysubjectthat,onthe18thJanuary missedtheplebeiansofhistimeintermsofthe wasalwayssodeartomybrother,thusrevealed causeofRitschlsrecognitionofmybrotherand fondnessforhim.

ThewholeofhisLeipzigdaysprovedofthe

b

XVIINTRODUCTION.

utmostimportancetomybrotherscareer.There hewasplungedintotheverymidstofatorrent ablemediuminthefieryyouth,andtowhichhe eagerlymadehimselfaccessible.Hedidnot, encountered,andselectedaccordingly.Itis whenthematuredmindthrewoffthesefettersin ordertoworkoutitsownsalvation.

Theinfluencesthatexercisedpoweroverhim

but,asamatteroffact,whatconcernedhimmost wastoobtainawideviewofthingsingeneral, andthishehopedtoderivefromthatscience; thoroughwayofgoingtowork,servedhimonly asameanstoanend. inthewinterof1865-66,acompletelynew,and hewasverydowncast;fortheexperiencesthat hadbefallenhimduringhisoneyearofstudent lifeinBonnhaddeeplydepressedhim.Hehad

INTRODUCTION.xvii

soaghtatfirsttoadapthimselftohissurround themtohisloftyviewsonthings;butboththese effortsprovedvain,andnowhehadcometo

Leipzigwiththepurposeofframinghisown

manneroflife.Itcaneasilybeimaginedhow thefirstreadingofSchopenhauersTheWorldns

WillandIdeaworkeduponthisman,stillsting

ments.Hewrites: "HereIsawamirrorin whichIespiedtheworld,life,andmyownnature boththeparentandtheeducatorthroughour fathersuntimelydeath,hebegantoregard enchantedhim.Fromthefirsthewasnever blindtothefaultsinhismasterssystem,andin proofofthiswehaveonlytorefertoanessayhe wroteintheautumnof1867,whichactuallycon

Now,intheautumnof1865,tothesetwo

influencewasaddedonewhichwastoprovethe strongesteverexercisedovermybrotherandit

Wagner.HewasintroducedtoWagnerbythe

Foryears,thatistosay,fromthetimeBillows

XV111INTRODUCTION.

hadappeared,hehadalreadybeenapassionate admirerofWagnersmusic;butnowthatthe will,mybrotherfeltthathewasinthepresence ofabeingwhomhe,ofallmodernmen,resembled mostinregardtoforceofcharacter.

Again,inthecaseofRichardWagner,my

themanspersonality,andcouldonlyregardhis worksandviewsasanexpressionoftheartists wholebeing,despitethefactthathebynomeans

Mybrotherwasthefirstwhoevermanifested

Wagner,andhewasalsothefirstofthatnumer

ousbandofyoungfollowerswhoultimatelyin scribedthetwogreatnamesupontheirbanner.

WhetherSchopenhauerandWagnereverreally

paintedofthem,bothinhislettersandother writings,isaquestionwhichwecannolonger answerintheaffirmative.Perhapswhathesaw inthemwasonlywhathehimselfwishedtobe someday.

Theamountofworkmybrothersucceededin

seemsalmostincredible.Whenweexaminehis recordfortheyears186567,wecanscarcely ataguessnoonewouldhesitatetosuggestfour yearsatleast.Butinthosedays,ashehimself

INTRODUCTION.xix

bear.Heknewneitherwhatheadachesnorin wassogladatthethoughtofbecomingasoldier intheforthcomingautumnof1867;forhewas particularlyanxioustodiscoversomemeansof utmostmentalandphysicalfreshness,wasthe crackrideramongtherecruitsofhisyear,and wassincerelysorrywhen,owingtoanaccident, hewascompelledtoleavethecoloursbeforethe completionofhisservice.Asaresultofthis accidenthehadhisfirstdangerousillness.

Whilemountinghishorseoneday,thebeast,

whichwasanuncommonlyrestiveone,suddenly againstthepommelofthesaddle,threwhimto theground.Mybrotherthenmadeasecond attempttomount,andsucceededthistime,not andtorntwomusclesinhischest,andhadseri ouslybruisedtheadjacentribs.Forawholedayquotesdbs_dbs46.pdfusesText_46
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