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Germany

Vocational educationand training in

This short description contributes to better understanding of vocational education and training (VET) in Germany by providing insight into its main features and highlighting system developments and current challenges. Learning on the job is traditional in German education. Work-based learning (WBL) features in most secondary and tertiary VET programmes and graduate employment is high. However, demographic changes and the attractiveness of academic education have reduced the appeal of upper secondary VET. To address this, new designations of professional bachelor and professional master emphasise equivalence to academic programmes Transformations currently influencing VET require political responses. Digital and green economy transitions are already being addressed, with digitalisation emphasised in

Covid-19 pandemic responses. Continuing VET is

increasingly important, highlighted in the Qualification Opportunities Act (2019); this gives access to CVET funding to all employees a?ected by structural change or seeking training in an occupation lacking employees. The National skills strategy (2019) sees occupational CVET within lifelong learning as part of Germany"s training culture.

Vocational education

and training in

Short description

Germany

EN

Europe 123, 570 01

Thessaloniki (Pylea), GREECE

Postal address: Cedefop service post, 570 01 Thermi, GREECE Tel. +30 2310490111, Fax +30 2310490020, Email: info@cedefop.europa.eu visit our portalwww.cedefop.europa.eu Short description4184 EN - TI-04-20-471-EN-N - doi:10.2801/329932 C

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

Printed in the European UnionPRINT

ISBN: doi: PDF ISBN: doi:

Please cite this publication as:

Vocational education and training in Germany: short descriptionႈ

Luxembourg:

The European Centre for the Development of Vocational

Training

Executive Director

Chair of the Management Board

6

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

Alliance for initial and further

training 7 7

Germany

11 19 9

Acronyms and abbreviations

71
77

Legislation77

77
10

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

Boxes

Figures

17 18 11

Germany

Germany

Area357 582 km2

CapitalBerlin

System of governmentFederal parliamentary democracy

Population (2019) (

1 )83 019 213

Per capita gross domestic product (GDP)

(current prices, 2019) ( 2 )EUR 39 310

Legislative powerFederal Council of Germany

1 12

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

© BIBB

13

CHAPTER 1.

Demographics

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PLJUDWLRQVKLQWHUJUXQGKWPO

7 14

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

Population forecast and old-age dependency ratio

in Germany

Source

8

DOWHUKWPO

8 15 )LJXUH Unemployment rate (aged 15-24 and 25-64) by education attainment level in 2010-19 9

Source

9 16

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

11 17 (XURVWDWWLSVXQ>H[WUDFWHGRQ@ 11 Germany: distribution of employment by economic sector from 2009 to 2019 Mittelstand ist der Motor der deutschen Wirtschaft [Middle class is the engine of the German economy] 17

Meister, Techniker or Fachwirt

17

CHAPTER 1.

Population (aged 25-64) by highest educational attained in 2019

Source

18

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

Early leavers from education and training 2010-19

18

Source

18 19

CHAPTER 1.

© BIBB

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Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

VET in the German education and training system in 2020

Source

21
22

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

doing initial vocational training or advanced training and are an attrac tive opportunity to

AusbildungsPlus

19

Source

Upper secondary VET

Hauptschulabschluss

Mittlerer

Schulabschluss

19

AusbildungPlus

23

Transition programmes

in place:

Berufsvorbereitungsjahr

Berufsgrundbildungsjahr

General education programmes with vocational orientation

Ausbildungsvorbereitendes Jahr (AvJ)

Fachgymnasium

24

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

School-based VET programmes

Berufsfachschule

Dual VET (apprenticeship)

Abitur

25

Duality of vocational education and training

Source

26

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

Post-secondary and tertiary VET

Specialised programmes

fachgebundene Hochschulreife at the

Fachoberschule

ႇBerufsoberschule

Berufsfachschule Fachgymnasium

Schulen des

Gesundheitswesens

27

Handwerksordnung

Meister

Fachhochschulen

%0%)H 28

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

Advanced vocational programmes

Fachschulen

include:

Dual study programmes

Ausbildungsintegrierender dualer Studiengang

29

Allgemeine Hochschulreife or Fachhochschulreife

Praxisintegrierender, kooperativer dualer Studiengang

Allgemeine Hochschulreife or

Fachhochschulreife

Berufsintegrierender dualer Studiengang

Duale Hochschulen

Berufsakademien

30

Vocational education and training in Germany

Short description

continuing trainingquotesdbs_dbs26.pdfusesText_32

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