The d- and f- Block Element Block Elements
of the groups 3-12 in which the d orbitals are progressively filled in each of the four long periods. The elements constituting the f -block are those in.
Unit 4: Chemistry of d-block elements
(a) size of atoms & ions. (b) reactivity. (c) catalytic activity. (d) oxidation state. (e) complex formation ability. (f) colour. (g) magnetic properties.
d and f – Block Elements
7 are offen classified as interstitial compounds. 12. Catalytic properties:Many transition metals and their compounds show catalytic properties the most common
d AND f-BLOCK ELEMENTS
15-Feb-2019 d-block elements are classified into four series viz 3d 4d
d AND f-BLOCK ELEMENTS
15-Feb-2019 d-block elements are classified into four series viz 3d 4d
The p-Block Elements
Objectives. Diversity in chemistry is the hallmark of p–block elements manifested in their ability to react with the elements of s– d– and f–blocks as.
D:DBTChemistry XICHEMISTRY-X
I am happy that support material for classes IX to XII has been 11. p-Block Elements. 170. 12. Organic Chemistry : Some basic Principles and Techniques.
CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN
fact that the chemical elements are not a random cluster of classify elements into s p
B. Sc. II YEAR INORGANIC CHEMISTRY-II
characteristic properties of the d-block elements in general
CHEMISTRY (862)
Some p -Block Elements. 12. Organic Chemistry: Some basic Principles and Techniques. Organic Chemistry. 23 Marks. 13. Hydrocarbons.
CHEMISTRY OF D-BLOCK
ELEMENTS
DR ASHWINIWADEGAONKAR
Unit 4: Chemistry of d-block elements
...Position of d-block in periodic table ...Electronic configuration ...Trends in properties of these elements w.r.t. - (a) size of atoms & ions (b) reactivity (c) catalytic activity (d) oxidation state (e) complex formation ability (f) colour (g) magnetic properties (h) nonstoichiometry (i) density, melting & boiling points.Introduction
elementsofgroup3to12. ...Thedorbitalofthed-blockelementsinfour periodsarefilled. seriesfromSctoZn,4dseriesfromYtoCdand5d seriesfromLatoHg. ...Thefourth6dseriesbeginsfromAcandis incompletetillnow.Position of d-block in periodic table
elements/Position of d-block in periodic table
namedasd-blockelements. subshell. electronsinthefurthestshell. properties.Position of d-block in periodic table
blockelementsintheperiodictable. ofperiodictable.Electronic Configuration
tillthed-subshellachievesitsfulllimit. orbitalthatisbeingfilled. extraordinarilystable.Electronic Configuration
representedas1s22s2p63s2p6d1-104s2 representedas1s22s2p63s2p6d1-104s2p6d1-105s2p6d1-106s2
Electronic Configuration
Exceptional Electronic Configuration of:
...Ni:[Ar] 4s13d9 ...Pt:[Xe] 6s15d9 ...Pd:[Kr] 4d105s0Reactivity
Catalytic activity
...Catalytic property of 3d series elements also explained as follow.i) Due to variable oxidation states of transition metals they can absorb and re-emit a wide range of energies. Thus, they can provide necessary activation energy.
requiremetalionsfortheiractivity. ...NitrogenaseenzymecontainsFeandMo, reductaseconsistsofCoOxidation state
oxidationstates. aregivenbeneathintables.Oxidation States of 3d Series
Oxidation States of 4d Series
Oxidation State of 5d Series
Size of Atoms and Ions
...Generally the sizes of atoms/ions of the elements go on decreasing from left to right across the rows in the transition series, as ²
...ThisisappliedintheScgroup.Causes for Variable Oxidation States
Important features of oxidation state of transition metals oxidation.Complex formation ability
Formation of Complex Compounds
calledligands. coordinateandhencethecomplexesarecalled coordinatecomplexes. natureofhybridizationofmetalions. [Fe (CN)6]3²[Fe(CN)6]4²[Cu(NH3)4]2+[PtCl4]2² The transition metals are found to form complexes due to the factors ² ...Smallsizeandhighchargeonthemetalions pairofelectronsdonatedbyothergroupof ligands. ...AvailabilityofvariableoxidationstateColour
...egset:dx2-y2anddz2orbitals ...t2gset:dxy,dxzanddyzorbitals ...Thisprocessiscalledd-d-transition.Colour
Whenwhitelightisincidentona
transitionmetalion,theelectroninthe lowerenergyd-orbitalsetabsorbs certainradiationsandgetspromoted toad-orbitalsetofhigherenergy.Thetransmittedradiationdevoidof
theabsorbedradiationsisthe complementarycolourofthe absorbedlight.Thiscomplementarycolouristhe
colourofthesubstance.Oxidation states of metal ions and their colour
No.of unpaired
electronsOxidation state and colourof the
compound formed byion0Ti 4+, Cu+, Zn 2+(colourless)
1Ti3+(Purple), V4+, Cu 2+(blue)
2V 3+, Ni 2+(green)
3V 2+, Cr 3+ (violet)
4Cr 2+ (blue), Mn3+ (violet), Fe 2+ (green)
5Mn2+ (pink), Fe 3+ (yellow)
Magnetic properties
aredictatedbythenumberofunpaired electronsinit.Magnetic properties
Magnetic properties
(i) Paramagnetic substances (ii) Diamagnetic SubstancesMagnetic properties
asmagneticmoments. ...Bigger the magnetic moment's value, themore noteworthy is the paramagnetic character.Magnetic properties
(4.2frombook)Magnetic properties
Typesofmagneticbehavior:
moments.Nonstoichiometry
compounds andthephenomenonisknownasstoichiometry. littice.Density
thanthoseofSandPblockelements. oftheseelementsincrements. ...Osmiumconsistsofthehighestdensity.Melting & boiling points
Melting and Boiling Points
bondingoftheunpaireddorbitalelectrons. otherd-blockelements.Summary
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