[PDF] AGREEMENT FOR PEACE AND RECONCILIATION IN MALI

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org4Article5:ThepresentAgreementaimstoestablishtheconditionsneededforajustanddurablepeaceinMali,contributingtosub-regionalstability,aswellasinternationalsecurity.Itformallyestablishestheagreedregulationoftheconflictbasedonthefollowingelements:TheAzawaddenominationTheAzawaddenominationreferstoasocio-culturalreality,bothcommemorativeandsymbolic,sharedbythedifferentpopulationsofNorthernMali,whichareconstituentcomponentsofthenationalcommunity.Thenecessaryconsensusshallbebasedonacommonunderstandingofthisdenomination,whichreflectsahumanreality,whilerespectingtheunitarycharacteroftheMalianstateanditsterritorialintegrity.MeasuresdesignedtoestablishpeaceandnationalreconciliationThesocio-politicaldimensionofthecyclicalcriseswhichhavebuffetedNorthernMalirequiresapoliticalsolution.Tothisend,aConferenceofNationalConsensusshallbeorganisedduringtheinterimperiod,withthesupportoftheMonitoringCommitteeandwithequalrepresentationoftheParties,toenableadetaileddebatebetweenthecomponentsoftheMaliannationontheunderlyingcausesoftheconflict.Thisdebateshalladdress,amongotherthings,theAzawadproblem.ItshallidentifytheelementsofasolutionwhichshouldenableMalitotranscenditspainfulordeal,tovaluethecontributionofitsdifferentcomponentstothecountry'sidentity,andtopromotetruenationalreconciliation.ACharterforPeace,UnityandNationalReconciliationshallbeformulated,byconsensus,inordertotakeonboardthecommemorative,identityandhistoricaldimensionsoftheMaliancrisis,andconfirmitsnationalunityandnationalintegrity.MeasuresdesignedtoimprovegovernanceApartfromthemeasuresenvisagedabove,governancewhichtakesintoaccountlocalcharacteristicsisneededforadefinitiveresolutionoftheconflict,includingthefollowingelements:- Implementationofaninstitutionalarchitecturebasedonterritorialcollectivities,withorganselectedbyuniversalsuffrageandwithextendedpowers;- effectivemanagementbypopulationsoftheirownaffairsbasedontheprincipleoffreeadministration;- greaterrepresentationofthepopulationsoftheNorthwithinnationalinstitutions;- reinforcementoftheruleoflawbybringingthejusticesystemclosertothelitigants;- implementationofadefenceandsecuritysystembasedonprinciplesofuniqueness,inclusivityandrepresentativeness;- activeandmeaningfulparticipationofpopulations,particularlythosefromtheNorth,inmanaginglocalsecurity;- progressiveredeploymentofthereconstitutedarmedandsecurityforcesofMali;- establishmentofaDevelopmentZoneintheNorthernRegions,withanInterregionalConsultativeCouncilandaspecificdevelopmentstrategybasedonprevailingsocio-culturalgeographicalandclimateconditions.TheStrategyshallbefundedprincipallybyaSustainableDevelopmentFund,financedbynationalstatesourcesandinternationalcontributions;

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org5- engagementbytheinternationalcommunitytoensureactiveimplementationofandrespectfortheprovisionsoftherecentAgreement,anddiplomatic,financial,technical,andlogistical,supportforthiswork;- aninterimperiodshallcommencewhentheAgreementissigned.SECTIONII:POLITICALANDINSTITUTIONALQUESTIONSChapter3:InstitutionalframeworkandterritorialreorganisationArticle6:ThePartiesshallputinplaceaninstitutionalarchitectureenablingthepopulationsoftheNorthtomanagetheirownaffairsinaspiritofparticipativecitizenship,basedontheprincipleoffreeadministrationandenablingwiderrepresentationofthesepopulationswithinnationalinstitutions.Tothisend,thefollowingprovisionsshallbemade:Atthelocallevel- aRegionalAssemblyshallbesetupintheRegionelectedbydirectuniversalsuffrage,towhichalargenumberofcompetencesshallbetransferred,aswellasresourcesandappropriatejudicial,administrativeandfinancialpowers;- withinthisframeworktheMalianpopulationsandparticularlythoseoftheNorthernRegionsshallmanagetheirownaffairs,basedontheprincipleoffreeadministration;- thePresidentoftheAssemblyshallbeelectedbydirectuniversalsuffrage.HeshallalsobetheChiefExecutiveoftheRegionalAdministration;- thecerclesandcommunesshallhavedebatingorgans(aCercleCouncilandaCommunalCouncil)electedbyuniversaldirectsuffrageandmanagedbyofficeswithanexecutivefunctionwithaPresidentofaCercleCouncilandanelectedMayorattheirhead;- eachregionshallhavetherighttochooseitsownofficialnamewithintheframeworkoftheprovisionsrelatingtothejudicialstatusandfunctioningoftheregions.Atthenationallevel- theprocessofsettingupasecondchamberofParliamentknownasaSenate,NationalCounciloranyothernamewhichemphasisesitsnatureandrole,shallbereactivatedandspeededup;itshallbedevelopedasaninstitutionwhoseremitandcompositionsupporttheobjectivesofthepresentAgreement;- therepresentationofthepopulationsintheNationalAssemblyshallbeenhancedbyincreasingthenumberofelectoralconstituenciesand/orotherappropriatemeasures;intheshortterm,measurestoopentheHighCouncilofCollectivitiesinparticulartorepresentativesofthetraditionalelites,andofwomenandyoungpeople;- thereshallbebetterrepresentationofthepopulationsofnorthernMaliintheinstitutionsandmainpublicservices,bodiesandadministrationsoftheRepublic.Chapter4:DistributionofpowersandcompetencesArticle7:ThePartiesacknowledgetheneedtoshareremitandresponsibilitiesbetweentheStateandterritorialcollectivities,toensurethatthelatterareeffectiveandabletomeettheneedsanddemandsoflocalcommunitiesandcitizens.

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org6Article8:Theregionsshallbecompetent,withintheframeworkdefinedbylegislationandprovisions,inthefollowingareas:a)planningandprogrammingeconomic,socialandculturaldevelopment;b)territorialmanagement;c)creationandmanagementofpublicinfrastructureandbasicsocialservices(basiceducationandprofessionaltraining,health,environment,culture,regionalroadandcommunicationinfrastructure,waterandsanitation);d)agriculture,livestock,fishing,forestrymanagement,transport,commerce,industry,handicrafts,tourism,interregionaltransport;e)regionaladministrativebudgetsandaccounts;f)settingupandcollectinglocaltaxesandrevenuesusingparametersspecifiedbytheState;g)feecollectioninstitutions;h)acceptingandrefusingdonations,subsidiesandlegacies;i)disbursementofsubsidies;j)acquisitionofholdings;k)decentralisedcooperationandtwinning;l)territorialpoliceandcivilprotection.Article9:FollowingpublicationandtransmissiontotheStaterepresentative,deliberationsoftheterritorialcollectivitiesshallbebinding.Thedistributionofcompetencesbetweenthedifferentterritorialcollectivitiesshallbedeterminedbylaw,basedontheprincipleofsubsidiarity.Chapter5:RepresentationoftheStateandmonitoringlegislationArticle10:TheStateshallappointaRepresentativefortheterritorialcollectivities,tosafeguardthegeneralinterest.Tothisend,heshallkeeptheminformedofGovernmentpolicyformajorprojectsandfacilitateeconomicandsocialdevelopmentpolicyandterritorialmanagement.Article11:TheState,throughitsRepresentative,shallmonitoraposteorithelegalityoftheadministrativelawsoftheterritorialcollectivities.Themeasurestodothisshallbedefinedbylaw.Article12:WithoutprejudicetotheState'sprerogativeswithintheframeworkofitssovereignpowers,thePartiesagreethattheStateandtheregionsshallconsulteachotheron:- carryingoutdevelopmentprojectsdecidedbytheStateandpublicandprivateorganisationsrelevanttotheseentities;

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org7- exploitationofnaturalresources,inparticularmineralresources;- anyotherquestionsrelatingtoimplementationofthisAgreement.Chapter6:FinanceandresourcesArticle13:Inadditiontosettingtheratesfortaxes,feesandlocaltaxes,asstipulatedinArticle8ofthepresentAgreement,eachregionshallbefreetosettaxesappropriateforitseconomicsituationanditsdevelopmentobjectives,withintheframeworkofthelaw.Article14:TheStateshallsetupamechanismbetweennowandtheyear2018totransfer30%ofitsbudgetaryincometotheterritorialcollectivities,basedonasystemofequalisation,focussedinparticularintheNorthernRegions,usingcriteriatobespecified.Article15:Thestateshalltransferapercentageoftherevenuesfromexploitationofnaturalresources,particularmineralresources,totheterritorialcollectivitiesusingmutuallyagreedcriteria.Article16:TheStateundertakesto:- transfertotheterritorialcollectivitiesthosedecentralisedserviceswhicharerelevanttotheirareasofcompetence;- makepublicservicemoreattractiveinintheregionsofNorthernMali;- giveprioritytotheterritorialcollectivitiesinrecruitmenttopublicservices,whosestaffshallcomemainlyfromtheNorthernRegions.SECTIONIII:QUESTIONSOFDEFENCEANDSECURITYChapter7:OverallprinciplesArticle17:Thequestionsofdefenceandsecurityaddressedbelowshallbeguidedbythefollowingprinciples:- InclusivityandsubstantialrepresentationofallthepopulationsofMaliwithinthearmedandsecurityforces.- UniquenessoftheMalianarmedandsecurityforces,whichshallreportorganicallyandhierarchicallytothecentralState;- ProgressiveredeploymentofthereconstitutedarmedandsecurityforcesofMali.Chapter8:Cantonment,integrationanddisarmament,demobilisation,andreinsertion(DDR)Article18:ThecantonmentprocessforcombatantsseekstoidentifythosecombatantseligibleforintegrationortheDDRprogramme.ThisprocessshallbecompletedaccordingtothestandardsandprofessionalpracticesestablishedbytheUnitedNationsMultidimensionalIntegratedStabilisationMissioninMali(laMissionMultidimensionnelleIntégréedesNationsUniespourlaStabilisationenMali,MINUSMA).

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org10Chapter13:MobilisationtopromotedevelopmentintheNorthernRegionsArticle38:TheDevelopmentZoneoftheNorthernRegionsshallbeprioritisedintermsoftheprovisionsforStatesupportinthepresentAgreement.Tothisend,thePartiesshalltakeallshort,mediumandlong-termmeasureslistedinAnnex,relatingtosocio-economicandculturaldevelopment.TheGovernmentshallsubmitadocumentfollowingthefirstmeetingsoftheCSA,specifyingitscommitmentsinthisarea,theresourceswhichitplanstomobilise,andthetimetableforimplementationofthecommitmentsmade,inparticularinthefollowingareas:- basicsocialservices;- developmentofhumanresources;- foodsecurity;- ruraldevelopment(agriculture,livestockfarmingandpastoralactivities);- structuralinfrastructuretoopenuptheNorthernRegions;- miningandsolarenergy;- employment,particularlyforwomen,youngpeopleandformercombatants;- creationoflocalenterprises;- reinsertionandrehabilitationofrepatriatedanddisplacedpersonsandothervulnerablegroups;- handicrafts,tourism,commerceandcommunications;and- educationandculture.Article39:ThePartiesshalltakethefollowingmeasuresintheareasofeducationandculture:- adaptationofteachingprogrammestothesocio-culturalsituationintheregions;- promotionoflocallanguagesandscripts;- strengtheningtheprimaryandsecondaryeducationsystempayingparticularattentiontoeducationforall;- creatinghighereducationinstitutions;- creatingculturalcentresandmuseums;and- promotingthecultureoftheseregionsatlocal,nationalandinternationallevels.TheAgencyshallbepartoftheregionaladministrationundertheauthorityofthePresidentoftheRegionalAssembly,towhichitshallberesponsible.Article41:Conventionsforregion/Stateprogrammesshallbeconcludedinordertosetupstructuralmultiannualinvestmentprogrammes,andtoregulatestateobligationsintheareasofsocialandeconomicdevelopment.Article42:TheStateshallfacilitategreaterinvolvementoftheterritorialcollectivitiesinraisingandusingrevenuesandsubsidiesfromtheexplorationandexploitationoflocalnaturalresources,aswellasthedividendsgeneratedbydecentralisedcooperation,andintherelevantEconomicAgreementsconcludedbytheState.

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org11Article43:TheStateshallpromoteprojectsforcrossbordercooperationarisingfromlocalinitiatives.Provisionwillbemadeforterritorialcollectivitiestobesufficientlyinvolvedinthedevelopment,agreement,implementationandmonitoringoftheAidandDevelopmentAgreementswhichconcernthem.Article44:AperiodicreviewofthedevelopmentprogrammesshallbecarriedoutbythetechnicalandfinancialpartnersundertheauspicesoftheMonitoringCommittee.Article45:AlltheinternationalstakeholderswhohavedevelopedstrategiesorinitiativesintheSahelshallbeinvitedtogivethenecessaryprioritytotheneedsoftheregionsofNorthernMali,andtheimportanceoftheirrapidstabilisationforpeaceandregionalsecurity.SECTIONV:RECONCILIATION,JUSTICEANDHUMANITARIANQUESTIONSChapter14:ReconciliationandjusticeArticle47:ThePartiesshallpromotegenuinenationalreconciliationbasedonthefollowingelements:- developmentofaNationalCharterforpeace,unityandnationalreconciliation;- creationoftransitionaljusticemechanismsinparticularbyoperationalisingtheTruth,JusticeandReconciliationCouncil(CommissionVérité,JusticeetRéconciliation,CVJR);- creationofaCommitteetofightcorruptionandfinancialmismanagement;- creationofanInternationalCommitteeofEnquirytaskedwithinvestigatingallwarcrimes,crimesagainsthumanity,genocide,sexualcrimesandotherseriousviolationsofInternationalLaw,HumanRightsandInternationalHumanitarianLawthroughoutMalianterritory;- reaffirmationoftheinalienablecharacterofwarcrimesandcrimesagainsthumanityandthecommitmentofthePartiestocooperatewiththeInternationalCommitteeofEnquiry;- noamnestyfortheauthorsofwarcrimes,crimesagainsthumanityandseriousviolationsofHumanRights,includingviolenceagainstwomen,girlsandinfants,relatedtotheconflict;- consolidationofjudicialpowerinordertoensuretheRuleofLawthroughoutthecountry;- commitmenttocarryoutanin-depthreviewofthejusticesystemtobringitclosertothelitigants,improveitsperformance,endimpunityandintegratetraditionalandcustomaryregulationswithoutprejudiceinthesovereignlawoftheState;- extensionoflegalandregulatoryassistance,andinformationoncitizens'rights;- promotionofhighqualitytrainingforallstakeholdersandrelatedpersonnelinthejusticesystem,includingtheCadis;- reassessmentoftheroleofCadisinadministeringjustice,particularlyconcerningcivilmediation,takingintoaccountcultural,religiousandtraditionalcharacteristics;- acknowledgementofthestatusoftraditionalauthoritieswithintheregulationsonprotocolandprecedence.Chapter15:HumanitarianquestionsArticle47:ThePartiesshallcreatetheconditionsneededtofacilitatetherapidreturn,repatriation,reintegrationandreinsertionofalldisplacedpersonsandrefugees,andtosetupmechanismsto

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org12takecareofthem,inaccordancewiththerelevantAfricanandinternationalinstruments,includingtheUAConventionof1969regulatingaspectsspecifictotheproblemsofrefugeesinAfrica,andthe2009Convention(KampalaConvention)onprotectionandassistancefordisplacedpersonsinAfrica.Article48:ThePartiesshallinvitehumanitarianagenciesandorganisationstosupporttheireffortstoensuretherapidreturnrepatriation,reintegrationandreinsertionofalldisplacedpersonsandrefugees.Article49:ThePartiesshallpromoteandrespecttheprinciplesofhumanity,neutrality,impartialityandindependencewhichguidehumanitarianaction.Theyshallalsopreventanyuseofhumanitarianaidforpolitical,economicormilitaryends,andfacilitateaccessforhumanitarianagenciesandguaranteethesecurityoftheirpersonnel.SECTIONVI:INTERNATIONALGUARANTEESANDSUPPORTChapter16:ResponsibilityofthePartiesArticle50:ThePartiesrecognisethattheprimaryguaranteeoftheoutcomeoftheAgreementrestsintheirsincerity,goodfaithandcommitmenttotakeonthecontentsoftheAgreementandtoworktoimplementallofitsprovisionsintheinterestsofachievingreconciliationintheircountry,aswellaspeace,securityandstabilityinMaliandtheoverallregion.Article51:ThePartiesrequestthatthepoliticalclass,aswellascivilsociety,particularlywomenandyoungpeople,themedia,traditionalcommunicatorsandthetraditionalandreligiousauthorities,extendtheirfullsupporttoachievingtheobjectivesoftheAgreement.Chapter17:RoleoftheMediationTeamArticle52:TheMediationTeam,guidedbyAlgeriaasLeader,shallbethepoliticalguarantoroftheAgreementandofthePartiesrespectforitsprovisions:Tothisend,itshall:- continuetoprovideitsgoodofficestotheParties;- advisetheParties,asneededduringtheimplementationprocess,and;- playtheroleoflastresortbothpoliticallyandmorallywhereseriousproblemsarisewhichmightcompromisetheobjectivesandgoalsofthepresentAgreement.Article53:TheMediationTeamshallcontributeactivelytoaninternationalappealforanoptimalimplementationoftheAgreementandthemobilisationofanysupportneededforMali.Chapter18:RoleoftheinternationalcommunityArticle54:TheinternationalcommunityistheguarantorofthescrupulousimplementationofthepresentAgreementandshallsupporttheeffortsinvestedforthispurpose.Morespecifically:- theUnitedNations,UA,CEDEAO,EU,OCI,aswellasotherinternationalpartners,arecommittedtoprovidingtheirfullpoliticalsupportfortheAgreement;- thePeaceandSecurityCounciloftheAfricanUnionandtheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilareinvitedtofullysupporttheAgreement,andtofollowitsimplementationclosely,andto

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org13takeanynecessarymeasuresagainstallthosewhohindertheimplementationofthosecommitmentsandtherealisationofitsobjectives;- theinternationalcommunityiscalledontosupportimplementationoftheAgreement,byprovidingthefinancial,technicalandlogisticalsupportneededforthedifferentmechanismsforeseenintheAgreementtooperate,theDDRandtheRSS,andtheeffortstocombatterrorismandorganisedcrime,aswellastocontributegenerouslyandpromptlytotheplannedTrustFund,byusingtheplannedConferencetoappealforfundsforeseenintheAgreement,inordertomakeasubstantialcontributiontothedevelopmentoftheNorthernRegions.Article55:ThePartiesshallsetupanevaluationandmonitoringmechanism,involvingalloftheMalianstakeholdersconcernedandtheinternationalpartners.Article56:ThedefiningroleandimportantcontributionsexpectedfromMINUSMA,theAgenciesandprogrammesoftheUnitedNationsandallotherinternationalstructuresandorganisationstoachievetheobjectiveofthepresentAgreementrelatetothemandatesgrantedbytheircompetentbodies.Chapter19:TheAgreementMonitoringCommitteeArticle57:AftersigningtheAgreement,thePartiesshallestablishaCommitteetomonitorimplementationoftheAgreementforPeaceandReconciliationinMali(CSA).Article58:TheCSAshallbemadeupasfollows:theGovernmentofMali,thesignatorymovementsofthepresentAgreementandtheMediationTeam(Algeria,asLeader,BurkinaFaso,Mauritania,Niger,Chad,CEDEAO,UnitedNations,OCI,UA,andtheEU).ThepermanentmembersoftheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilareinvitedtoparticipateintheworkoftheCommittee.TheCSAmayinviteasnecessary,otherstakeholdersandinternationalfinancialinstitutions,toparticipateinitswork.Article59:TheCSAshallbechairedbyAlgeria,MediationTeamLeader,assistedbyBurkinaFaso,Mauritania,NigerandChad,asVice-Chairs.TheCommittee'sheadquartersshallbeatBamako;itmayoccasionallymeetelsewhere,asnecessary.Itshallmeetinplenarysessionatleastonceamonth,andmayholdextraordinarymeetingsasneeded.Article60:theCSAshallfulfilthefollowingremit:- ensurethemonitoring,supervision,coordinationandactiveimplementationbythePartiesofalltheprovisionsofthepresentAgreement,withoutprejudicetoMINUSMA'smandatefromtheSecurityCouncil;- prepareadetailedtimetableforimplementationoftherelevantprovisionsandmonitorthis;- assistwithinterpretationoftherelevantprovisionsincaseofdisagreementbetweentheParties;- wherenecessary,reconciletheParties'positions;and- encouragetheGovernmenttotakeallnecessarymeasuresfortheeffectiveimplementationofthepresentAgreement,including:

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org16ANNEX1:InterimperiodWhileawaitingimplementationofthemeasuresforeseeninthepresentAgreement,thefollowinginterimmeasureshavebeenagreed.TheyshallbecarriedoutduringaninterimperiodwhichshallbeginimmediatelyaftersignatureoftheAgreementforPeaceandReconciliationinMaliresultingfromtheAlgiersProcess,foraperiodbetweeneighteenandtwenty-fourmonths.ThepurposeofthisperiodshallbetoestablishconditionsfavouringthereconciliationofthepeopleofMali,andtolaythefoundationsofanew,democraticandunitedMali,thanksinparttothepromotionofpeace,democracyandtheacceptanceofculturaldiversity.Itshallalsoensurethereturn,reinstallationandreinsertionofthoseMalianslivingoutsidethecountry,aswellastherehabilitationofitsvictims.ObjectivesoftheinterimperiodAninterimperiodshallbeginimmediatelyaftersigningthepresentAgreement.Duringthisperiod,whileawaitingtheadoptionandentryintoforceofthelegalandgovernanceprovisionsofthepresentAgreement,exceptionalmeasuresconcerningtheadministrationofthenorthernregionsofMalishallbeimplemented.Theobjectivesoftheseprovisionsshallbe:- Toguaranteetheadoptionofthelegislativeandregulatorytexts,includingconstitutionaltexts,enablinganewinstitutionalandpolitical,securityanddefence,economic,socialandcultural,andjusticeandnationalreconciliation,frameworktobeestablishedandrenderedoperational;- Toreviseelectorallegislationtoenablelocal,regionalandnationalelectionstobeheldduringtheinterimperiod,inordertoputinplacetheorgansforeseeninthepresentAgreement;- Toimplementthemeasuresandarrangementsrelatingtoreestablishmentofpeace,thecessationofhostilitiesandreformoftheforcesofdefenceandsecurity,inordertoincreasetheirprofessionalismandtheirrepublicancharacter;- Tomonitortheadoptionoftheagreedmeasurestocombatterrorismandextremismandtoavoidanyfurtherexclusion,marginalisationandimpunity.- ToapplytheAgreementaccordingtotheimplementationtimetable.InordertoensurethecontinuityoftheState,existinginstitutionsshallcontinuetoexercisetheirremituntiltheneworgansforeseeninthepresentAgreementareestablished.- Creation,whennecessaryandatthelatestwithinthreemonthsofsignatureofthepresentAgreement,oftheauthoritieschargedwithadministeringtheNortherncommunes,cerclesandregionsduringtheinterimperiod.Theirappointment,competencesandoperationalproceduresshallbemutuallyagreedbytheParties;- Carefuladoptionoftheconstitutional,legislativeandregulatorytextstoenableimplementationoftheprovisionsoftheAgreement;- TheGovernmenttakeallnecessarymeasurestohaveanewelectorallawadoptedbytheNationalAssembly,within12months;

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org17- TheregionalandlocalelectionsfortheorgansconcernedbytheprovisionsofthepresentAgreementshalltakeplaceduringtheinterimperiodandnolaterthan18monthshence.

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org18Annex2:DefenceandSecurityI.InterimsecuritymeasuresUndertheauspicesoftheSub-CommitteeforDefenceandSecurityoftheMonitoringCommittee,aTechnicalSecurityCommittee(CommissionTechniquedeSécurité,CTS)shallbecreatedwhichshallassumetheremitoftheJointTechnicalSecurityCommittee(CTMS)resultingfromtheAlgiersAgreementandenlargedonSeptember16,2014,atAlgiers:a.EffectiveparticipationofGovernmentrepresentativesandoftheCoordinationandthePlatformintheCTSandintheenlargedMixedObservationandVerificationTeams(EquipesMixtesd'ObservationetdeVérification,EMOVs),includingoutposts.- TheenlargedCTMSshallpursueitsmissionsuntiltheactiveimplementationoftheCTS;- theCTSshallincludesixrepresentativesofthearmedandsecurityforcesofMali;threerepresentativesoftheCoordinationandthreerepresentativesofthePlatform.ItshallincludetworepresentativesofMINUSMA(includingtheChairofCTS)andarepresentativeofeachmemberoftheMediationTeamandtheinternationalforcesinattendance.- theCTSistaskedinparticularwith:• observingtheceasefirebetweentheParties;• investigatinganyviolationsoftheceasefire;• updatingandverifyingthesecurityarrangements;• identifyingandvalidatingthecantonmentsites;and• providingtechnicalsupportfortheintegrationprocessofex-combatants.b.CreationoftheOperationalCoordinationMechanism(MéchanismeOpérationneldeCoordination,MOC)andmixedpatrols- Within60daysofsigningtheAgreement,anMOCandmixedpatrolsshallbesetupundertheauspicesoftheCTS;- theCTSshallproposedetailedtermsofreferencefortheMOC,includingitscompositionandremit.Thetermsofreferenceshallspecifyonaninclusiveandconsensualbasis,thenumberofrepresentativesofthearmedandsecurityforcesandtheCoordinationandthePlatformwithintheMOC;- Thismechanismshallbecoordinatedbyanofficerofthearmedandsecurityforces,secondedbyarepresentativeoftheCoordinationandofthePlatform;- theMOCshallworkcloselywiththeinternationalforcesinattendance;- TheMOCshallbetaskedwithplanningandcarryingoutthemixedpatrolsincludingelementsoftheMalianarmedandsecurityforcesandelementsoftheCoordinationandofthePlatform,with,ifnecessaryandpossible,thesupportofMINUSMAandtheinternationalforcesinattendance(proceduresandtimetableforpatrolsbyzonetobedefinedbyMOC).Thefirstjointpatrolshalltakeplacenolaterthan60daysaftersigningtheAgreement;- TheMOCshallalsobetaskedwithplanningandcoordinatingalltheactionsandmovementsofthecombatantsthroughoutthecantonmentprocess;- Within60daysofsigningtheAgreement,theCTSandMOCshallpresentanimplementationplanforsecurityarrangementsinNorthernMali,inwhichmixedpatrolsshallhaveakeyroleinprovidingsecurityforthecantonment/regroupmentanddemobilisationprocess.Thisplan

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org19shallaimtoprevent/reduceanysecuritylacunaebefore,duringandaftertheprocessofcantonment,integrationandDDR.c.Cantonment- Within30daysofsigningtheAgreement,theCTSshallcompleteitsidentificationandvalidationofthesitesforcantonment/regroupmentanddemobilisationofcombatants.MINUSMAshallbeginpreparationofthesesiteswhichshallbereadywithinamaximumof120days,andshallbedeliveredasandwhentheyareready.- Within30daysofsigningtheAgreement,CTSshallimplementtheoperationalproceduresofFebruary18,2014,forthecantonmentprocess,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsinthepresentAgreement,andshallestablishthestartdatefortheprocess.- Within30daysofsigningtheAgreement,themovementsshallprovideCTSwithadefinitiveandcertifiedlistoftheircombatantsandarms,basedontheprinciplesdefinedintheupdatedoperationalproceduresofFebruary18,2014.II.Integrationofex-combatantsWithin60daysofsigningtheAgreement,anIntegrationCommitteeshallbeestablished- TheIntegrationCommittee,whichshallconsistofrepresentativesofthearmedandsecurityforces,oftheCoordinationandofthePlatform,shallworkinclosecollaborationwiththeMonitoringCommitteeforthepresentAgreement;- ADecreeshalldefinethecomposition,remitandworkingmethodsoftheIntegrationCommitteeundertheauthorityofthePresidentoftheRepublic,whoshallappointacompetentandconsensualindividualasitsChair;- Within90daysofsigningtheAgreement,theIntegrationCommittee,incoordinationwiththeNationalCouncilforRSS,shallestablishthecriteria,quotasandmethodsfortheintegrationofcombatantsintheunitsconstitutedbytheState,includinginthearmedandsecurityforces,andwillharmonisetheranks;- Onthisbasis,themovementswillsubmitalistoftheircombatantsascandidatesforintegration,andtheGovernmentshalltakeanynecessarymeasurestointegratethem,nolaterthansixmonthsaftersigningtheAgreement,supervisedbytheIntegrationCommitteeandtheNationalCouncilforRSS;- TheIntegrationCommittee,incoordinationwiththeNationalCouncilforRSS,shallmakeproposalsformethodstoallocateandreclassifyranks.Membersofthemovementswhowereformerlyofficersinthearmedandsecurityforcesshallbereintegratedinatleastthesameranks.Thosenotfulfillingtheconditionsandthosewhodonotchoosetobeintegratedshallbegrantedaretirementpensionproportionaltoaninvaliditypensionoranyothersimilararrangement.III.Disarmament,DemobilisationandReinsertionProcess(DDR)Within60daysofsigningtheAgreement,aNationalCommitteeforDDRshallbeestablished- ThisDDRNationalCommitteeshallworkcloselywiththeMonitoringCommitteeforthepresentAgreement;

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org20- ADecreeshallspecifythecomposition,remitandworkingmethodsoftheDDRNationalCommitteeundertheauthorityofthePresidentoftheRepublic,whoshallappointacompetentandconsensualindividualasitsChair;- TheDDRNationalCommitteeshallconsistofahigh-levelpoliticalorgan,andtechnicalsub-committeeswhichshallworkcooperativelyinparallel,aswellasoperationaloutpostsattheregionallevel;- Thetechnicalsub-committeesshallbemadeupofexpertsandrepresentativesofthearmedandsecurityforces,oftheCoordinationandthePlatform,andofthecompetentministries,andofcommunityrepresentatives.- Within120daysofsigningtheAgreement,theDDRNationalCommitteeincollaborationwiththeMonitoringCommitteeforthepresentAgreement,shalladoptanationalandcoherentprogrammeforinclusiveDDR,whichshallbeacceptedbyall,andshalldetailtheresourcesneeded.- TheDDRNationalCommitteeshallbesetupwiththesupportofallsubdivisionsoftheMalianStateanditspartners.IV.RedeploymentofthearmedandsecurityforcesWithin60daysofsigningtheAgreement,theMOC,throughtheCTS,shallproposeaplanandadetailedtimetablefortheredeploymentofthereconstitutedArmedandSecurityForcesinNorthernMali.- ThisplanandredeploymenttimetableshallbebasedontheimplementationplanforsecurityarrangementsinNorthernMaliandshalltakeintoaccounttheenvironment,threatsandsecurityneeds;- ThereconstitutedanddeployedunitsshallbeentirelyequippedandinthechargeoftheMalianState;- Theredeploymentofthereconstitutedarmedandsecurityforcesshalltakeintoaccounttherequirementtoprotectthepopulationsandtheneedforinteriorsecurity,tosecurethefrontiersandtofightagainstterrorism.V.Reformofthedefenceandsecuritysectora.Within60daysofsigningtheAgreement,thedecreeoncreationoftheNationalCouncilforRSSshallberevisedinordertoincreasetherepresentationofthesignatorymovementsfortheAgreementandthedifferentcommunities,andtoagreereformsandplanforimplementation.- Within90daysofsigningtheAgreement,theCN-RSSshallcarryoutadetailedevaluationofthesystemofdefenceandsecurity,withthesupportofitspartnersandinconsultationwiththepopulations,inordertodeterminethemaindirectionsofreformofthesector.- CN-RSSshallalsospecifytheresponsibilitiesandremitofthedifferentstakeholdersinthesecuritysector,takingintoaccountthediversegeography(towns,villages,brushland,desertareas,transportroutes,checkpointsandborderareas)andinlinewiththeobjectivesbeingpursued(populationprotection,justice,imprisonmentandexecutionofjudicialsentences,combattingnaturaldisasters,offensiveactions,demonstrations,inquiries,defenceoftheterritory,bordercontrol,surveillance,managementandsupervisionofsecurityinstitutions,etc.).

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org21- CN-RSSshallensuregreatermonitoringandsupervisionofthearmedandsecurityforcesatthenationalandlocallevelandpromoterespectfortheruleoflaw.b.Establishmentoftheterritorialpolice- Within12monthsofsigningtheAgreement,alawestablishinganddefiningthecompetencesofthenewterritorialpoliceshallbeadopted.Itshallspecifytherelationshipbetweentheterritorialinstitutionsandtheothersecuritystructures,itscompositionandtrainingandrecruitment,aswellasthehierarchicalorganisationandthemethodsofcommandandcontrol.c.EstablishmentofLocalConsultativeSecurityCommittees(ComitésConsultatifsdeSécurité,CCLS)- Within60daysofsigningtheAgreement,CCLSshallbeestablishedbydecree,firstattheregionallevel,andthenatthecommunallevel(oneCCLSforeachregionbasedintheregionalcapital,andoneCCLSineachcommune).- CCLSshallincludethestakeholdersinjusticeandsecurityatthelocallevel,includingrepresentativesofthenewterritorialpolice,ofcommunitiesandtraditionalauthorities,andmembersofcivilsocietyincludingassociationsforwomenandyoungpeople.CCLSshallprovideadviceandrecommendationsatthelevelofthelocalexecutiveandtosecuritystakeholders,andshallassistwithinformationexchange,awareness-raisingandtakinggreateraccountoftheconcernsofthepopulation.- CCLSshallmeetatleastonceamonthtoevaluatethesecuritysituationandtomakerecommendations.

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org22ANNEXE3:Economic,socialandculturaldevelopmentprojectsandactionstoundertakeintheNorthernregionsofMaliovertheshort,mediumandlongtermI. InterimmeasuresInaccordancewiththeprovisionsinSectionVIoftheAgreementconcerningtheInterimPeriod,thefollowingactionsandprojectsidentifiedbythePartiesshallbecompletedasamatterofurgencyandinorderofprioritytobenefitthepopulationsaffectedbythesecuritysituationintheNorthernregionsofMali:1. Educationandtraining- Organisingthestartoftheschoolyear2015acrosstheregionsofGao,TimbuktuandKidal.- Upgradingtheschoolfacilitiesintheseregions.- Upgradethecateringfacilitiesin314schoolsfromthedateofreopeningwithrespecttofoodandappropriatepreparationequipment.- Upgradingtheoperationoftheschoolsby:o Repairingdamagedbuildings;o Supplyofeducational(andrecreational)materialsandlearningkits;ando TherapidreturnofteachersdeployedinotherregionsofMalitotheregionsofGao,TimbuktuandKidal,bymeansofincentives.- PreparingthestudentsadmittedtotheDEFintheacademiesofTimbuktuandGao;- Recruitingtemporaryteachersforthedurationoftheintervention;- ConstructingandequippingtheTemporaryApprenticeshipSpaces(EAT);- OrganisingtheregistrationandacceptanceofthestudentsadmittedtotheBacintheeducationalestablishments;- Mobilisingthesupportandengagementofthecommunitytoencouragethereturnofchildren,particularlygirls,toschoolwithintheaffectedareas;- Constructingandequipagro-pastoralprofessionaltrainingcentresatKidalandTimbuktu;- RehabilitatetheSaharanAgriculturalPromotiontrainingcentreatGao.2. Health:- Upgradingtheoperationofthehealthorganisations(CSCom,CSRef.,andregionalhospitals)by:• Theprovisionoftechnicalmaterialandequipmentandhealthproductstosupplythedifferentlevelsofhealthprovision• Therehabilitationandequipmentofthenon-operationalhealthorganisationsintheregionsofGao(3),Timbuktu(3)andKidal(5).- Organisingthereturnofdisplacedhealthstafftotheaffectedareas,byputtinginplaceincentives(payments,practicalmovinghelp....)andsecuritymeasures;- Recruitingandorganisingtemporarymedicalpersonneltoreinforcehealthprovisionandincreasethecoverageofservicesduringtheperiodofintervention;- Organisingspecialisttrainingdaysinregionalhospitals,providedbynationalhospitalpractitioners,forcertainspecialties(cardiology,ophthalmology,surgery);

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org23- Improvingthepopulation'sfinancialaccesstohealthbycoveringthemedicalcostsoftheindigentandrepatriatedpersons;- Upgradingstrategicactivitiestoincreasepreventativeandcurativehealthbymobileteams;- Settingupscreeningprogrammestomeasure,detectandtakechargeofchildrensufferingfromacutemalnourishment;- Undertakingepidemiologicalsurveillanceacrossthethreeregionsandcreatingthecapacitytoreact;- BeginningtheconstructionandequipmentofthreelocalhealthandsocialassistancecentresrespectivelyatKidal,GaoandTimbuktu.3. Waterresources- Rehabilitationofwatersources(boreholes,localwells);- DrillingofaboreholeatKidal;- DrillingofaboreholeatGao;- Constructionofastorage-wellatTimbuktu4. ReactivationofthelocaleconomySupplyingthemeanstoreactivateagriculturalandlivestockproductionby:- Relaunchingfamilyandcommunityagriculture;- Distributingagriculturalinputs;- Organisingvaccinationandtreatmentcampaignsforlivestock;- Repairingmechanicalpumpsinmanagedzones;- Settinguprevenue-generatingprogrammesforwomenandyoungpeoplewithinthesectorsofagriculture,stock-breeding,smallbusiness,fishingandcrafts.Implementationmethods:- Thegovernmentshallimplementtheaboveactionsandprojectswithtransparency,inconsultationwiththeAlgiersProcessandwiththeinvolvementoflocalcommunities;- TheGovernmentshallmobilisetherequiredfinancialandhumanresourcesfortheimplementationoftheaboveprojects,includingpossiblefinancingbytechnicalorfinancialpartners;- TheSub-Committeeon"Socio-EconomicDevelopmentQuestions"oftheMonitoringCommitteeshallbechargedwiththemonitoringandperiodicevaluationoftheprojectimplementation.ThejointcommitteeshallbecomposedofthePartiesandtheMediationTeam,consistingofonerepresentativeofeachParty.TheCommitteeshallhaverecoursetoanybodywhoseadviceitconsidersuseful.Itwillconductitsevaluationmeetingsasnecessary,attherequestoftheMediationTeam;- TheinternationalcommunityshallbeinvitedtobestronglyinvolvedinsupportingtheprojectsreferredtointhisAnnex;- TheGovernmentshallpayspecialattentiontotheprotection,assistanceandpromotionofvulnerablesocialgroups,notably,orphans,childorfemaleheadsoffamilies,traumatisedchildren,widows,youngdelinquents,physicallyandmentallydisabledpersons,etc.;- Projectimplementationshalltakeplacewithinaframeworkthatassuresasynergybetweenactivitiesthataddressurgenthumanitarianneedsandthosethatstimulatelongterm

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org24economicregeneration,sustainablegrowth,povertyreductionandtheachievementoftheMillenniumDevelopmentgoals;- ThePartiesshallabstainfromanyactivitythatdisruptsorhindersprojectimplementation;- ThePartiesshallensurefreeaccessandsecurityforStateemployees,serviceprovidersandhumanitarianagencies.II.MediumandlongtermmeasuresWithintheframeworkoftheSpecificDevelopmentStrategydescribedinSectionIVoftheAgreementonsocio-economicandculturaldevelopmentofthenorthernRegions,multi-annualspecialplansfortheDevelopmentZonefortheNorthernregionsofMaliwillbesetupandcompriseprincipallyofthefollowingprojectsandactions:Intheareaofruraldevelopment,foodsecurityandtheenvironment,thefollowingshallbeprogressed:- Supportforproducerswithseeds,fertilisersandotherinputs;- Supportfortechnicalservicesforthereconstructionofvegetableandanimalgeneticresources;- Strengtheningofanimalhealthbytherehabilitationofregionalandlocalveterinarycentres;- Improvementofhealthcoverageforlivestockofeachregion- Setting-upsupplyandlogisticalservices,andtechnicalexpertiseandthesupportforreturnoftechnicalpersonnel;- Thepromotionofsmallscalefishingponds,floatingcagesandfishintroductioninlakes;- Fooddistributiontothepopulationsmostvulnerabletofoodscarcity;- Strengtheningofnationalcapacitytoensurefoodsecurity;- Improvingtheefficiencyofearlywarningsystemsagainstfamine;- ImprovingthecapacityoftheNationalSecurityStock(StockNationaldeSécurité)andcommunalcerealstores;- Supplyingfoodstuffstothemostvulnerablepopulations;- Improvingcerealexchangesbetweendeficitandsurpluszones;- Supportingtheproductionandmarketingoflocallivestock;- CombattingthesiltingoftheRiverNiger,tributariesandprincipallakes,andsupplychannels;- Supportingtheplantingofriverbankstosupplyfirewoodandtimber;- Protectinglocalwildlifeandhabitatswithaviewtodevelopingeco-tourism;- Combattingacidification;- Assistingresearchinagro-pastoralmatters.Withintheframeworkoftherelaunchofthelocaleconomy,thefollowingshallbeprogressed:- Reintegrationofwomenandyoungpeopleandtheirorganisationsintoprivatecollectiveinitiatives;- Promotionofincome-generatingactivitiesforwomenoryoungpeoplegroupedinsocialenterprises(economicorcooperativeassociationsorcollectives);- Supportforthecreationofmicro-enterpriseswithinthecommunityinordertorevitalisethelocaleconomyandpromoteemploymentopportunities;- Improvementintheskillsofwomenandyoungpeoplealignedtotherealrequirementsoflocaleconomiesandtheiractiveparticipation;

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org25- Supporttocooperativesandbusinesseswhichmaygenerateemployment,throughfinancialornon-financialaidadaptedtotheirneeds;- Trainingandmanagementsupport,directedprimarilytowardsentrepreneurs,start-upsofincomegeneratingactivities;- Betterorganisationofhandicraftworkers;- CreationofCraftVillageswithintheNorthernregionsofMali;- Accesstocreditandotherproductioninputs;- Creationofmarketsandcentresofexchangeforgreatersub-regionalintegration;- Settingupabusinesssupportprogrammeforqualifiedyoungpeopleandwomen,trainingprogrammesandsupportfortheinclusionofchildrenwithdrawnfromschoolornoteducated;- Improvementintheproductivityandcompetitivenessofcraftbusinessesthroughprofessionaldevelopment;- Establishmentofincome-generatingactivities;- Accesstoinputsandimplementationofcommercialframeworks;- Promotionofeconomicactivitieslinkedtotheculturalsectorincludingculturaltourism,eventsandartisticandculturalproducts;- Developmentofmicro-financeservices;- Promotionofextractiveindustries(research,exploitationandexploitation)intheNorthernregions.Withintheframeworkofinfrastructuredevelopment,thefollowingshallbeprogressed:- Constructionofmainroads:• linkKidal,GaoandTimbuktutotheTransaharanhighway;• Gao-BouremTaoussa;• Bourem-Kidal;• Kidal-Timiaouine(Algerianfrontier);• Anefis-Tessalit-BordjBajiMoctar;• Kidal-Menaka;• Ansongo-Menaka-Anderamboukane-Nigerborder;• GomaCoura-Timbuktu;• Douentza-Timbiktu;• Douentza-Gao(improvement;)• Gossi-Gourma-Rharous;• PisteBore-Korientze-Aka;• PisteMounia-Diafarabe-Dia-Tenenkou-Youwarou;• PisteIndelimane-Nigerborder;• PisteAnsongo-Tessit-BurkinoFasoborder;• Lere-Fassala.- ConstructionofairportsatKidal,Tessalit,Taoudeni,Menaka,Gao(improvement),andGoundam.- ConstructionofdieselandsolarpowerstationsintheareasofTimbuktu,Goundam,Dire,Niafunke,Gao,Menaka,Kidal,Tessalit,GourmaRharous,Ansongo,TinEssako,Abeibara,Bourem,Douentza,Tenikou,Youwarou,Lere.- LinkthethreenorthernregionstotheRegionalStructuralprojectoftheTrans-SaharanGazoduc.

PA-X,PeaceAgreementAccessTool(Translation©UniversityofEdinburgh)www.peaceagreements.org26- ConstructionofriverportsatBamba,DireandYouwarou.Withintheframeworkofimprovingaccesstobasicsocialservices,thefollowingshallbeprogressed:- Follow-upofactionstorehabilitatedegradedhealthservices,andtoconstructandequipnewcommunityhealthcentres;- ConstructionofnewhospitalsatMenakaandKidal;- ImprovementofaccessforNorthernstudentstocooperationprogrammesforstudygrants;- Improvementinthesupplyofhealthservicestonomadicpopulations,bythedeploymentofmobileandpolyvalentservicestoofferpreventativeandcurativeservices;- Initiationofadvancedstrategieswithintheareaofheathandhealthinthecommunity;- Constructionofnewschoolsappropriatetotheeducationalprogramme,intheregionsofTimbuktu,GaoandKidal;- Supportforschoolcanteens;- Equippingschoolswithadequateandappropriatelytrainedteachers;- Supplyoflearningmaterialstostudentsandtechnicalequipmenttoteachers;- Launchofanextendedcommunicationprogrammetoencouragechildren,especiallygirls,toattendschool;- Developmentofuniversitycentreswithinthenorthernregions,withfacilitiesappropriatetothespecificconditionsineach;- AccelerationofthedecentralisationofhighereducationbythecreationofHigherEducationInstitutions(Institutionsd'EnseignementSupérieur)inthenorthernregions- UpgradeoftrainingandemploymentcentresintheregionsofKidal,GaoandTimbuktu;- Establishmentofapublictechnicalschool(LycéeTechniquePublic)withineachregion;- Constructionofaprofessionaltrainingcentreforeachdistrict('cercle')withintheNorthernregion;- Supplyofdrinkingwatertovulnerablepopulations;- WatersupplyinfrastructurerehabilitationinGao;- WatersupplyinfrastructurerehabilitationinTimbuktu;- ConstructionofanaqueductInEsseri-InTebzaz-Kidal.Withintheareaofculture:thefollowingshallbeprogressed:- Reconstructionofandsupporttoregionalanddistrictculturalservices,togetherwithculturalmissionsinTimbuktu,Gao,andd'Essouk;- Promotionofmultidisciplinaryresearchactivitiesintheareasofculture,heritageandculturalindustries;- StrengtheningoftheinterculturaldialoguebyrelaunchngculturaleventsintheNorthernRegionsbymeansofnationalweeks,artisticandculturalbiennalesandfestivals.