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qplotR Graphics Cheat Sheet

David Gerard

2018-12-07

Abstract:

I reproduce some of the plots from Rstudio"s

ggplot2 c heatsheet using just the qplotfunction. Before usingqplotin a new R session, always first load the ggplot2 library.library(ggplot2)

I use this datasetdata(mpg,package = "ggplot2" )

General Considerations

The main options that I use are

•Options for"geom"argument: -"point": Makes scatterplots. -"line": Makes a line plot. -"histogram": Makes a histogram. -"boxplot": Makes a boxplot. -"density": Makes the density plot. -"bar": First tabulates frequencies of each value, then makes a barplot. -"smooth": Fits a smooth line to a cloud of points and plots the output. -"dotplot": Makes a dotplot.

qplothas other arguments that control the way the plot looks. You should read about these arguments. In

particular, read carefully the help page?qplot. Useful ones are: •data: Specify the dataframe that all variables belong to. •main: This controls the title. •xlab,ylab: These control the x and y axis labels. •color: Controls the color of the lines/points. •fill: Controls the color of areas (e.g. for histograms). •size: Controls the size of points. •shape: The shape of points ("circle","square","triangle", etc...) •alpha: Controls the level of transparency of points/lines/fills. •lwd: Line width. •lty: Line type ("solid","dashed","dotted", etc...). •facets: Split up the data into multiple plots.

If you want to make all points the same shape/size/color, you need to enclose the size/shape/color using the

functionI().

If a variable is being treated as continuous rather than categorical, you need to enclose that variable in a

factor()function call. 1

One Variable

Continuous

Density plotqplot(x =mpg $hwy,geom = "density" )0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06

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mpg$hwyHistogram qplot(mpg$hwy,geom = "histogram" ,bins = 10 ) 0 20 40
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mpg$hwyMake the bin lines black and the fill white. qplot(mpg$hwy,geom = "histogram" ,bins = 10 ,color = I("black"),fill = I("white")) 0 20 40
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mpg$hwy2

Discrete

Barplotqplot(mpg$drv,geom = "bar" )0

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4fr mpg$drvTwo Variables

Continuous X, Continuous Y

Scatterplotqplot(mpg$cty, mpg$hwy,geom = "point" ) 20 30
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mpg$cty mpg$hwy3

Jitter points to account for overlaying points.

x <-jitter(mpg$cty) y <-jitter(mpg$hwy) qplot(x, y,geom = "point" )20 30
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x yAdd a rug plot qplot(x, y,geom = "point" )+ geom_rug() 20 30
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x yAdd a Loess Smoother qplot(x, y,geom = "point" )+ geom_rug()+ geom_smooth() ##?geom_smooth()?using method =?loess?and formula?y ~ x? 10 20 30
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x y4

Add text to a plot

qplot(x, y,geom = "point" )+ geom_rug()+ geom_smooth()+ annotate(geom ="text" ,x = 15 ,y = 40 ,label = "some text" ) ##?geom_smooth()?using method =?loess?and formula?y ~ x?some text 10 20 30
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x yDiscrete X, Continuous Y Boxplotqplot(x =mpg $class,y = mpg $hwy,geom = "boxplot" ) 20 30
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mpg$class mpg$hwy5

Continuous Function

Line plotx <-seq(-2,2 ,length = 100 )

y <- x ^2 qplot(x, y,geom = "line" )0 1 2 3 4 -2-1012 x yColor Coding and Legends Color code a scatterplot by a categorical variable and add a legend.x <-jitter(mpg$hwy) y <-jitter(mpg$cty) z <-factor(mpg$drv) qplot(x, y,color = z) 10 15 20 25
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x y z 4 f r6

Changing a legend title

qplot(x, y,color = z) +scale_color_discrete (name ="New Name1" )10 15 20 25
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x y

New Name1

4 f rqplot(x, y,shape = z) +scale_shape_discrete (name ="New Name2" ) 10 15 20 25
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x y

New Name2

4 f rThedataargument

If all variables you are using inqplot()belong to the same dataframe, then you can specify the dataframe

as the "data" argument and you don"t need to use the "$" symbol.qplot(cty, hwy,color = drv, data = mpg, geom = "point" )

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cty hwy drv 4 f r7

Faceting

You can facet by a categorical variable using thefacetsargument.The variable to the left of the tilde ("~") indexes the row facets, the variable to the right of the tilde indexes

the column facets. Using a dot (".") in place of a variable means that there will only be one row/column

facet.qplot(cty, hwy,data = mpg, facets = . ~drv,geom = "point" ) 4fr

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cty hwyqplot(cty, hwy,data = mpg, facets = drv ~.,geom = "point" ) 4 f r

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cty hwyqplot(cty, hwy,data = mpg, facets = fl ~drv,geom = "point" ) 4fr c d e p r

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