BTS Chief Technology Officer 14692
and support of the BTS Strategic Plan as well as leading the enterprise and solution architecture disciplines. The incumbent is responsible for being able
Littelfuse - Distributed Base Stations
(cell site) consists of a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) located in close proximity to the antenna tower. Distributed BTS architecture advantages:.
Lawful Intercept Architecture
The Cisco Service Independent Intercept Architecture Version 3.0 document describes implementation of LI for VoIP networks using the Cisco BTS 10200
Open Base Station Architecture: Can Standardization enable true
Oct 13 2008 Two major Open BTS architecture Initiatives: OBSAI (Open Base Station Architecture Initiative). CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface).
SCDMA/McWiLL Background
McWiLL Network Architecture. BTS. CPE. Internet. SAG. BOXBroadband Office Exchange. SoftSwitch. Access Layer. Convergence Layer. Core Layer. BTS.
Cherwell Exception Processing Manual – v1
BTS Enterprise Architecture. Page 1. 5/20/2016. City of Portland. Bureau of Technology Services. Cherwell Exception Processing Manual. Contents.
No Slide Title
Typical 2G Architecture. BTS — Base Transceiver Station. BSC — Base Station Controller. MSC — Mobile Switching Center. VLR — Visitor Location Register.
BTS: an accelerator for bootstrappable fully homomorphic encryption
Jun 18 2022 In particular
BTS Etude et Réalisation dAgencement
Il traduit techniquement le concept architectural défini par un designer ou un architecte. Ses activités s'étendent de l'étude technique jusqu'à la réception
Application Note: Distributed Base Stations - Littelfuse
1 Legacy architecture with all of the equipment located inside the BTS hut with a coax connection to the top of the tower and a fiber/copper connection to the MSC (illustrated in Figure 1) 2 Split architecture design with the BaseBand Unit (BBU) located indoors and a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) located on the tower (illustrated in Figure 2) 3
mounted antenna and the BTS location is too great. Some architecture changes are being implemented to correct some of these long-standing drawbacks.
Five basic Base Station architectures are in use today: 1. Legacy architecture, with all of the equipment located inside the BTS hut, with a coax connection to the top of the tower and a fiber/copper connection to the MSC (illustrated inFigure 1
2.Split architecture design, with the BaseBand Unit
(BBU) located indoors and a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) located on the tower (illustrated inFigure 2
3. "Hoteling" approach that uses a single BTS hut but connects to multiple towers (illustrated inFigure 3
4.All-outdoor, zero-footprint BTS, with all components located on the tower (essentially multiple boxes on the tower that travel via a combination of coax to the
antennas and fiber/copper to the MSC without a BTS hut in between, as illustrated inFigure 4
5.Capacity Transfer System (wireless BTS repeater
concept) (illustrated inFigure 6
).Figure 1. Legacy BTS (cell site). Radio tower and BTS equipment used in a typical cell site location.
Legacy BTS drawbacks:
BTS hut must be physically close to the tower to avoid the need for Tower Mounted Amplifiers (TMAs)Large footprint requirement
Structurally reinforced rooftops needed to support BTS hut Lack of suitable size location in highly populated areasParameter security requirements
Nuisance appearance in local neighborhoods
Application Note:
Distributed Base StationsBadžeries
PowerSupply AC
Power RF AmplifiersRF Combiners
Receiver
Voice Voice DataControl
Scanning
Controllers
VoiceData To Mobile Switching
Center ( MSC)
Test and
Alarm Unit
sReceiver #2Receiver #1
Legacy BTS drawbacks:
• BTS hut must be physically close to the tower to avoid the need for Tower Mounted AmplifiBers (TMAs) • Large footprint requirement • Structurally reinforced rooũops needed to sBupport BTS hut • Parameter security requirements • Nuisance appearance in local neigBhborhoodsOutdoor LED Lighting
Distributed Base Stations
www.littelfuse.com2©October 2012 Littelfuse, Inc. The Distributed Base Station architecture illustrated inFigure 2
places the RF transceivers on the tower. This arrangement requires an optical fiber to connect the digital baseband signals inside the BST hut with the tower mounted RRU. This allows making a much shorter coax connection between the RRU and the transmitters and receivers on the top of the tower.This arrangement consumes much less RF power due to the reduced losses that result from using the shorter coaxial
cable and the optical fiber. It also allows greater flexibility in selecting the location of the BTS hut with respect to the tower. The BTS hut and the tower currently may be up to 20 km (12 miles) apart; in the near future, this may be as much as 40 km (25 miles).Badžeries
PowerSupply AC
Power Voice Voice DataControl
Scanning
Transceivers
Bas eControllers
VoiceData To Mobile
Switching
Center ( MSC)
Test and
Alarm Unit
sReceiver #2Receiver #1
Transmidžer
BTS Hut
Remote Radio Units (RRUs)
CoaxDistributed BTS architecture advaVntages:
• Hut can be physically remote from antenna site; no TMAs required, more flexibility on hut placement • Smaller footprint requirements (lower power Vrequirements): no special reinforced rooũops, reduced parameter security measures, reduced nuisance appeVarance increased exposure to lightning inducedV surges.Higher exposure for RRUs
Fiber/Coax
Radio tower and DiVstributed BTS equipment
Figure 2. Distributed BTS Architecture
Distributed BTS architecture advantages:
Hut can be physically remote from antenna site; no TMAs required, more flexibility on hut placementSmaller footprint requirements (lower power requirements): no special reinforced rooftops, reduced parameter security measures, reduced nuisance appearance
There are no RF amplifiers contained within the BTS hut or TMAs because the RRU performs this function in this architecture. However, because this function is now located on the tower, it has increased exposure to lightning induced surges.Outdoor LED Lighting
Distributed Base Stations
www.littelfuse.com3©October 2012 Littelfuse, Inc. This Distributed Base Station concept can be further expanded by using a central remote "hotel" for multiple tower sites (see Figure 3). This approach dramatically reduces the requiredfootprint, which allows for an easier expansion of the new 3G and 4G Base Stations in densely populated downtown districts.
Placing all of the hardware on the tower (see Figures 4 and 5) makes a zero-footprint design possible.Badžeries
PowerSupply AC
Power Voice Voice DataControl
Scanning
Transceivers
Bas eControllers
VoiceData To Mobile
Switching
Center ( MSC)
Test and
Alarm Unit
sReceiver #2Receiver #1Transmidžer
BTS Hut
Remote Radio Units (RRUs)
Fiber/CoaxCoax
• More flexibility on hut plaHcement due to smalleHr footprint • Lower power requiremeHnts • No special reinforced rooũops requirements • Reduced parameter security measures • Reduced nuisance appeHaranceHigher exposure for RRUs
Receiver #2Receiver #1Transmidžer
Remote Radio Units (RRUs)Coax
Receiver #2Receiver #1Transmidžer
Remote Radio Units (RRUs)Coax
Receiver #2Receiver #1
Transmidžer
Remote Radio Units (RRUs)Coax
Fiber/CoaxFiber/Coax
Figure 3. "Hoteling" Distributed BTS Architecture
"Hoteling" Distributed Base Station Architecture advantages: Single hut can be physically remote from multiple antenna sites No TMAs required because RRUs substitute for this feature More flexibility on hut placement due to smaller footprintLower power requirements
No special reinforced rooftops requirements
Reduced parameter security measures
Reduced nuisance appearance
Outdoor LED Lighting
Distributed Base Stations
www.littelfuse.com4©October 2012 Littelfuse, Inc.To Mobile
Switching
Center ( MSC)
Receiver #2Receiver #1
Transmidžer
Remote Radio Units (RRUs))
CoaxZero-footprint Architecture advantages:
• No TMAs required, most flexibility • No footprint requirements except for tower (this equ)ipment may be installed on the top floor of a )parking garage without need o)f a tower) • Lowest power requir)ements • No special reinforced rooũops • Minimized nuisance appear)anceHigher exposure for RRUs and CTBP u)nits
Fiber and Power
Control, transport, Baseband,) & power (CTBP)
Figure 4. Zero-footprint BTS Architecture
Zero-footprint Architecture advantages:
No TMAs required, most flexibility
No footprint requirements except for tower (this equipment may be installed on the top floor of a parking garage without need of a tower)Lowest power requirements
No special reinforced rooftops
No physical security measures (depending on specific location of equipment)Minimized nuisance appearance
Figure 5 shows a zero-footprint BTS installed on the top floor of the parking garage at the Littelfuse, Inc. headquarters buildingquotesdbs_dbs26.pdfusesText_32[PDF] art et maths
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