Decisions in Java – The IF Statement Two Actions – The if-else
It is also possible to illustrate the action of statements with a flow chart. Java allows us to write an if statement that has no else branch. Page 2 of 7.
Conditional Statements Conditional statements The if statement The
• The statement in the if statement can be any Java statement: • A simple The if-else Flowchart boolean_expression statement1 true false statement2. Page ...
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"Those" said Jill
Conditional Statements
• The statement in the if statement can be any Java statement: • A simple The if-else Flowchart boolean_expression statement1 true false statement2. Page ...
Chapter 3: Java Control Statements
} Page 5. Integrative Programming. Selection Statements. The flowchart in Figure 3.1a illustrates how Java executes the syntax of an if statement. If the
Loops and Conditionals
statement 1 elif test2: statement 2 else: statement 3. • Both the elif and else blocks are optional. Page 9. If/elif/else statements. Page 10. Lamp flowchart
ALGORITHMS AND FLOWCHARTS
• One of the alternatives within an IF–THEN–ELSE statement. • may involve further IF–THEN–ELSE statement. Page 26. EXAMPLE 6. • Write an algorithm that reads
Chapter 3: Decision Structures
if-else Statement Flowcharts. Wear a coat. Yes. Is it cold outside? Wear If the SwitchExpression matches the CaseExpression the Java statements between the ...
L3-Selections 2021-2022 Lecturer: Dr. Basim Jamil
29 Nov 2021 The flowchart in Figure 3.1a illustrates how Java executes the ... An if-else statement decides the execution path based on whether the condition.
Decision-Making and Repetition
There are several conditional statements in Java. These include the if if-else The flow chart of an if-else statement is shown below. Page 4. Decision ...
Conditional Statements Conditional statements The if statement The
The conditional statements if if-else
Conditional Statements
The conditional statements if if-else
Chapter 4 Loops
Java provides three types of loop statements while loops do-while loops
Chapter 3: Decision Structures
If statements can be modeled as a flow chart. executed statements the if statement is ended by ... Java provides two binary logical operators (&&.
Chapter 3: Control Statements
execution flow chart is shown in Figure (A). Example if (radius >= 0) { The statement in an if or if ... else statement can be any legal Java statement.
While and Do-While Loops Loops The while statement The if
Within a method we can alter the flow of control using either conditionals or loops. • The loop statements while
Chapter 3
execution flow chart is shown in Figure (A). Example if (radius >= 0) { The statement in an if or if ... else statement can be any legal Java statement.
Java If Else If Statement
Giving a java statements associated block. What are evaluated. The syntax is extremely similar reason If statement. If else it with java if else if
Chapter 3 Selection Statements
Conditions are Boolean expressions. • Java has several types of selection statements: o if Statements if … else statements
Chapter 3: Java Control Statements
if (boolean-expression) { statement(s);. } Page 5. Integrative Programming. Selection Statements. The flowchart in Figure 3.1a
[PDF] control statements If Ifelse Statement in Java with Examples When
If If else Statement in Java with Examples When we need to execute a set of statements based on a condition then we need to use control flow statements
[PDF] if-else statement in java - Tutorialspoint
IF-ELSE STATEMENT IN JAVA An if statement can be followed by an optional else statement which executes when the Boolean expression is false Syntax:
[PDF] Conditional statements
The conditional statements if if-else and switch allow us to choose which statement will be executed next • Each choice or decision is based on the value of
Java Flow Control Statement - if else and else if - Studytonight
In Java if statement is used for testing the conditions The condition matches the statement it returns true else it returns false
[PDF] Chapter 3: Java Control Statements
Selection Statements The flowchart in Figure 3 1a illustrates how Java executes the syntax of an if statement If the boolean-expression evaluates to true
Java if-else Statements - W3schools
Java if else statements in details Flowchart with example If else statements in Java is also used to control the program flow based on some condition
[PDF] Decision Making in Java (if if-else switch break continue jump)
22 nov 2019 · // Here if the condition is true if block // will consider only statement1 to be inside // its block Page 3 Flow chart: Example: class
Java If-else Statement - Javatpoint
The Java if-else statement also tests the condition It executes the if block if condition is true otherwise else block is executed Syntax: if
[PDF] Control Structure
Java statements that allows us to select and execute specific blocks of code while skipping other sections ? Types: – if-statement – if-else-statement
While and Do-While Loops
15-110 Summer 2010
Margaret Reid-Miller
Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
Loops • Within a method, we can alter the flow of control using either conditionals or loops. • The loop statements while, do-while, and for allow us execute a statement(s) over and over. • Like a conditional, a loop is controlled by a booleanexpression that determines how many times the statement is executed. E.g., You may want to calculate the interest paid on a mortgage
for each year of the loan term.Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
The while statement
• The form of the while statement iswhile (
Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
The if Flowchart
boolean_expression statement (body of loop) true falseSummer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
The while Flowchart
boolean_expression statement (body of loop) true falseSummer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
A while Example
Print n asterisks!int i = 0; !while (i < n) {! !System.out.print("*");!
!i++;!}!System.out.println();! i output n = 50 *! 1 **!2 ***!3 ****!4 *****!
i < n ? i < n ? i < n ? i < n ? i < n ?5 *****
i < n ?Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
The Loop Control Variable
• The variable i (known as the loop control variable) is used in three ways: it is initialized, tested, and updated.!
!int i = 0; !!while (i < n) {!!! System.out.print("*");!!! i++;!!}!!System.out.println();!• All three things must be coordinated in order for the loop to work correctly!
// initialize // test // updateSummer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
Off-by-1 Errors
int i = 0; !while (i < n) {! !System.out.print("*");!
!i++;!}!System.out.println();!For n = 5 the output is ***** (5 asterisks) !int i = 1; !!while (i < n) {!!!System.out.print
!!i++;!!}!!System.out.println();! Output?Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
Off-by-1 Errors
int i = 0; !while (i < n) {! !System.out.print("*");!
!i++;!}!System.out.println();!For n = 5 the output is ***** (5 asterisks) !int i = 0; !!while (i <= n) {!!!System.out.print
!!i++;!!}!!System.out.println();! Output?Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
Warning!
!What is the output if n = 5? int i = 0; !while (i < n) {!! !System.out.print("*");!
!i--;!}!System.out.println();!Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
Infinite Loops
Do you know which
company has this address?1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014
Apple Computer int i = 0; !while (i < n) {!! !System.out.print("*");!
!i--;!}!System.out.println();!Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
A while Example
int i = 0; !while (i < n) {! !System.out.print("*");!
!i++;!}!System.out.println();! !What is the output if n = 0?Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
Exercise
• Write a method with a while loop to prints 1 through n in square brackets. For example, if n = 6 print
!![1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]!Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
Exercise: Cumulative Sum
• Write a method with a while loop that computes the sum of first n positive integers: sum = 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + nExamples: n = 5 sum = 15 n = 19 sum = 190
Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
Exercise: Fencepost Loop
• Write a method with a while loop that prints 1 through n, separated by commas. E.g., for n = 9 print
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9!
Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
The do Statement
• The form of the do statement is do!Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
The do Flowchart
boolean_expression statement false trueSummer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
Example
!int i = 0; // initialize!!do {!!! System.out.print("*"); !!! i++; // update!!} while (i < n); // test!!System.out.println();!
For n = 7 what is the output? How is it different from the while loop?Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
User Input
Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);!System.out.print(!!!"Please enter the month [1-12]: ");!int month = keyboard.nextInt();!
What if the user enters a month outside the range?Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
User Input (cont'd)
• Use a do-while loop to test whether a user has entered data of the correct form and, if not, ask repeatedly until the data entered is correct.
Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);!int month;!do {!!System.out.print(!!!"Please enter the month [1-12]: ");!!month = keyboard.nextInt();!} while ( );!
month < 1 || month > 12 Must be declared outside the loop Outside the scope of the loopSummer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
• Sometimes it is easier to think of what you want the input to be and negate.Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);!int month;!do {!!System.out.print(!!!"Please enter the month [1-12]: ");!!month = keyboard.nextInt();!} while ( );!
Use de Morgan's law to prove the Boolean expressions are the same! !(month >= 1 && month <= 12)User Input
What is the loop control variable?
Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller)
• Suppose you want to find the maximum of the data entered from the keyboard. • It is not known in advanced how many data values a user might want to enter. (And the user may not want to count them!) • A sentinel is a special value that is used to detect a special condition, in this case that the user is done entering values. • The sentinel, of course, must be distinct from any value the user may want to input.Sentinel Controlled Loops
Summer 2010 15-110 (Reid-Miller) Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in);!System.out.print("Enter count (enter -1 to quit): ");!int count = console.nextInt();!int maxSoFar = count;!while (count != -1) {! if (count > maxSoFar) maxSoFar = count; System.out.print("Enter count (enter -1 to quit): ");! count = console.nextInt();!}!if (maxSoFar > -1) !!System.out.println("The maximum is " + maxSoFar);!else !!System.out.println("No counts entered");
Sentinel Example
Consider making -1 a named constant
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