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7HOHJUDP&KDQQHO

OCP

Oracle® Certified Professional

Java

® SE 11 Developer

Practice Tests

Exam 1Z0-819 and Upgrade

Exam 1Z0-817

7HOHJUDP&KDQQHO

7HOHJUDP&KDQQHO

OCP

Oracle® Certified Professional

Java

® SE 11 Developer

Practice Tests

Exam 1Z0-819 and Upgrade

Exam 1Z0-817

Scott Selikoff

Jeanne Boyarsky

Copyright © 2021 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published simultaneously in Canada

ISBN: 978-1-119-69613-1

ISBN: 978-1-119-69617-9 (ebk.)

ISBN: 978-1-119-69614-8 (ebk.)

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book.

For my wife Patti—you put up with me.

—Scott

To Chris for being the rst person on earth who knew I"d write a book or seven.

—Jeanne

Acknowledgments

Scott and Jeanne would like to thank numerous individuals for their contribution to this book. Thank you to David Clark for guiding us through the process and making the book better in so many ways. Thank you to Janeice DelVecchio for being our technical editor as we wrote this book. Janeice pointed out many subtle errors in addition to the big ones. And thank you to Elena Felder for being our technical proofreader and ?nding the errors that we managed to sneak by Janeice. This book also wouldn't be possible without many people at Wiley, including Kenyon Brown, Pete Gaughan, Christine O'Connor, Saravanan Dak- shinamurthy, Kim Wimpsett, Evelyn Wellborn, and so many others. Scott could not have reached this point without his wife, Patti, and family, whose love and support make this book possible. He would like to thank his twin daughters, Olivia and Sophia, and youngest daughter, Elysia, for their patience and understanding, especially when it was "time for Daddy to work in his of?ce!" Scott would like to extend his gratitude to his wonderfully patient co-author, Jeanne, on this, their seventh book. He doesn't know how she's able to work with him for months at a time, but he's glad she does and thrilled at the quality of books we produce. A big thanks to Matt Dalen, who has been a great friend, sounding board, and caring father to Olivia, Adeline, and newborn Henry. Finally, Scott would like to thank his mother and retired teacher, Barbara Selikoff, for teaching him the value of education, and his father, Mark Selikoff, for instilling in him the bene?ts of working hard. Jeanne would personally like to thank everyone who kept her sane during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially Dani, Elena, Janeice, Norm, Rodridgo, Scott, and Wendy. Scott was a great co-author, improving everything Jeanne wrote while writing his own chapters. A big thank-you to everyone at

CodeRanch.com who asked and responded to

questions and comments about our books. Another big thank-you to the NYJavaSig as it transitioned to online. Finally, Jeanne would like to thank all of the new programmers at CodeRanch.com and FIRST robotics teams FRC 694, FTC 310, FTC 479, and FTC 8365 for the reminders of how new programmers and technologists think. Scott and Jeanne would like to give a big thank-you to the readers of all our books. Hearing from all of you who enjoyed the book and passed the exam is a great feeling. We'd also like to thank those who pointed out errors and made suggestions for improvements in our Java 11 Study Guides. As of October 2020, the top three were Jos Roseboom, Tomasz Kasprzyk, and Oksana Cherniavskaia. We'd also like to thank Campbell Ritchie for replying to so many reader comments on

CodeRanch.com.

About theAuthors

Scott Selikoff is a professional software consultant, author, and owner of Selikoff Solu- tions, LLC, which provides software development solutions to businesses in the tri-state NewYorkCity area. Skilled in a plethora of software languages and platforms, Scott spe- cializes in full-stack database-driven systems, cloud-based applications, microservice archi- tectures, and service-oriented architectures. A native of Toms River, New Jersey, Scott achieved his Bachelor of Arts degree from Cor- nell University in Mathematics and Computer Science in 2002, after three years of study. In

2003, he received his Master of Engineering degree in Computer Science, also from Cornell

University. As someone with a deep love of education, Scott has always enjoyed teaching others new concepts. He"s given lectures at Cornell University and Rutgers University, as well as conferences including Oracle Code One and The Server Side Java Symposium. Scott lives in New Jersey with his loving wife, Patti; three amazing daughters, twins Olivia and Sophia and little Elysia; two very playful dogs, Webby and Georgette; and three curious kittens, Snowball, Sugar, and Minnie Mouse. You can nd out more about Scott at or follow him on Twitter . Jeanne Boyarsky was selected as a Java Champion in 2019. She has worked as a Java devel- oper for more than 18 years at a bank in NewYork City where she develops, mentors, and conducts training. Besides being a senior moderator at in her free time, she works on the forum code base and is a leader of the NYJavaSIG. Jeanne also mentors the programming division of a FIRST robotics team where she works with students just getting started with Java. She also speaks at several conferences each year. Jeanne got her Bachelor of Arts degree in 2002 and her Master"s in Computer Information Technology in 2005. She enjoyed getting her Master"s degree in an online program while working full-time. This was before online education was cool! Jeanne is also a Distinguished Toastmaster and a Scrum Master. You can nd out more about Jeanne at or follow her on Twitter .

Jeanne and Scott are both moderators on the

forums and can be reached there for questions and comments. They also co-author a technical blog called Down

Home Country Coding at

In addition to this book, Scott and Jeanne are also the authors of the following best-selling Java 11 certication books: (Sybex,

2019), (Sybex, 2020), and

(Sybex, 2020). They also wrote the three best-selling Java 8 certication books.

Contents at a Glance

Introduction xv

Chapter1 Working with Java Data Types 1

Chapter2 Controlling Program Flow 13

Chapter3 Java Object-Oriented Approach 27

Chapter4 Exception Handling 125

Chapter5 Working with Arrays and Collections 157

Chapter6Working with Streams and Lambda Expressions 187

Chapter7Java Platform Module System 243

Chapter8Concurrency 271

Chapter9Java I/O API 289

Chapter10 Secure Coding in Java SE Application 309

Chapter11 Database Applications with JDBC 329

Chapter12 Localization 341

Chapter13 Annotations 353

Chapter14 Practice Exam 1 365

Chapter15 Practice Exam 2 391

Chapter16 Practice Exam 3 415

AppendixAnswers and Explanations 441

Index 565

Contents

Introduction xv

Chapter1 Working with Java Data Types 1

Chapter2 Controlling Program Flow 13

Chapter3 Java Object-Oriented Approach 27

Chapter4 Exception Handling 125

Chapter5 Working with Arrays and Collections 157

Chapter6Working with Streams and Lambda Expressions 187

Chapter7Java Platform Module System 243

Chapter8Concurrency 271

Chapter9Java I/O API 289

Chapter10 Secure Coding in Java SE Application 309

Chapter11 Database Applications with JDBC 329

Chapter12 Localization 341

Chapter13 Annotations 353

Chapter14 Practice Exam 1 365

Chapter15 Practice Exam 2 391

Chapter16 Practice Exam 3 415

Appendix Answers and Explanations 441

Index 565

Introduction

This book is intended for those who want become a Java 11 Oracle Certi?ed Professional (OCP) by taking either the 1Z0-819 Exam or the 1Z0-817 Upgrade Exam, as well as those who want to test their knowledge of Java 11. If you are new to Java 11, we strongly recom- mend you start with a study guide to learn all of the facets of the language and come back to this book once you are thinking of taking the exam. We recommend the best-selling OCP Java SE 11 Developer Complete Study Guide (Sybex, 2020), which we happen to be the authors of, to start in your studies. This book is also available as two separate volumes if you prefer to carry around a paper book: OCP Java SE 11 Programmer I Study Guide (Sybex, 2019) and OCP Java SE 11 Programmer II Study Guide (Sybex, 2020). Whether you purchase the Complete Guide, or the Programmer I and Programmer II books, the material is the same and will properly prepare you for the exams. Regardless of which study guide you used to prepare, you can use this book to hone your skills, since it is based on topics on the actual exams. Unlike the questions in our study guides, which are designed to be harder than the real exam, the questions in this book mirror the exam format. All the questions in this book tell you how many answers are correct. They will say "Choose two" or "Choose three" if more than one answer is correct.

Choosing anExam

If you don't hold any previous Java certi?cations, then you should take the 1Z0-819 Java SE 11 Developer Exam. It is a very broad exam, covering subjects from basic Java con- cepts and syntax to more advanced topics and APIs. Some libraries you may use every day, while others you may not be familiar with in your career, such as the concurrency, annotations, and NIO.2 APIs. The exam also includes a lot of topics around the new Java module platform. If you already hold a recent Java Professional certi?cation, then you are eligible to take the upgrade exam. TableI.1 lists who is able to take each exam. This book will help you pre- pare for both the 1Z0-819 Exam and the 1Z0-817 Upgrade Exam. xvi Introduction

What Happened to the 1Z0-815 and 1Z0-816 Exams?

When Oracle released the Java 11 certication in March 2019, it was originally obtained by taking two exams: the Programmer I 1Z0-815 Exam, which focused on core Java structures, and the Programmer II 1Z0-816 Exam, which focused on broad topics and APIs. In October 2020, Oracle retired these two exams and replaced them with a combined

1Z0-819 Exam. The authors of this book were instrumental in working directly with Oracle to

ensure the new exam did not introduce a lot of new material that was not on the previous two exams. We mentioned this in case you pick up one of our Java 11 Study Guides and notice the

1Z0-815 or 1Z0-816 Exam titles on the cover. Don't panic! These books can denitely be used

for the 1Z0-819 exam! The material is nearly identical. Please visit our blog for more details: The 1Z0-819 Exam is a 90-minute exam with 50 questions and requires a passing score of 68 percent. For those who may be familiar with the previous Java 7 and 8 certications exams, the 1Z0-819 Exam combines material from what was previously two exams into a much broader exam with fewer questions. This means that each question may cover a variety of objectives and the time you have on each question is more constrained. TABLE I.1 Java 11 Professional Certification Exams

1Z0-819Everyone can take this exam.

1Z0-817

Holders of any of the following:

Sun Certified Programmer for the Java

Platform, SE 6 (SCJP6)

Oracle Certified Professional, Java SE 6

Programmer (OCJP6)

Oracle Certified Professional, Java SE 7

Programmer (OCJP7)

Oracle Certified Professional, Java SE 8

Programmer (OCJP8)

Introduction xvii

To study for the 1Z0-819 Exam, we recommend a study plan that uses our along with this book. As mentioned, this book is available in two parts if you prefer an easier to carry around option, and We also recommend reading our blog about some of the changes made to the 1Z0-819

Exam after these study guides were published.

The 1Z0-817 Upgrade Exam

The 1Z0-817 Upgrade Exam is a 180-minute exam with 80 questions and requires a passing score of 61 percent. It is designed for those who already hold a Java 6 or higher Sun or Oracle Professional Certi cation. Those with only Java Associate certi cation titles or older Java certi cations are not eligible for this exam. For the 1Z0-817 Upgrade Exam, we recommend a study plan that uses either our or , along with this book. While either our Complete Study Guide or Programmer II Study Guide will help you pass the exam and make you a better programmer, you do not need to read the entire book. Table I.2 lists the chapters that will prepare you for the 1Z0-817 Upgrade Exam. You can still use the practice exams in Chapters14,15, and16 of this book to prepare for the 1Z0-817 Upgrade Exam. You can just skip any questions on the topics that are not on the upgrade exam and calculate your score with the remaining questions.

Which Exam Should ITake?

If you hold an eligible certi cation title, you are free to take either the 1Z0-819 Exam or the

1Z0-817 Upgrade Exam. Which you take is completely up to you. Having taken both, we

tend to believe the 1Z0-817 Upgrade Exam is less challenging, in part because the number of topics is not nearly as broad as the 1Z0-819 Exam. You also have more time to read each question on the exam.

Study Guide Chapters for the 1Z0-817 Upgrade Exam

Book

Chapters To Review

Java 11 Complete Study Guide2, 6, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20 Java 11 Programmer II Study Guide1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, Appendix xviii Introduction

Who Should Buy This Book

If you are looking to become a Java 11 Oracle Certi ed Professional, then this book is for you. Regardless of which exam you plan to take, make sure to always keep your study guide handy. This book is about honing your knowledge of Java 11, while your study guide is about building it.

How This Book Is Organized

This book consists of 13 objective-based chapters followed by 3 full-length mock practice exams. There are some subtle differences between the objective-based chapters and practice exam chapters that you should be aware of while reading this book. An objective-based chapter is composed of questions that correspond to an objective set, as de ned by Oracle on the 1Z0-819 Exam. We designed the structure and style of each question in the objective-based chapters to reect a more positive learning experience, allowing you to spend less time on each question but covering a broader level of material. For example, you may see two questions that look similar within a chapter but contain a subtle difference that has drastic implications on whether the code compiles or what output it produces. Just like the review questions in our study guide, these questions are designed so that you can answer them many times. While these questions may be easier than exam questions, they will reinforce concepts if you keep taking them on a topic you don"t feel strongly on. In our study guides, we often group related topics into chapters or split them for under- standing. For example, in our study guides we presented parallel streams as part of the con- currency chapter since these concepts are often intertwined, whereas the 1Z0-819 Exam splits concurrency and parallel streams across two separate objectives. In this book, though, the chapters are organized around Oracle"s objectives so you can test your skills. While you don"t need to read an entire study guide before using an objective-based chapter in this book, you do need to study the relevant objectives. Table I.3 shows what chapters you need to have read in our Java 11 study guides at a minimum before practicing with the questions in this book. Remember that the Java 11 Programmer I and II Study Guides contain the same material as the combined Java 11

Complete Study Guide.

Introduction xix

TABLE I.3 Oracle Objectives andRelated Study Guide Chapters

1Working with

Java Data Types3, 4, 5, 6, and 123, 4, 5, and 61

2Controlling

Program Flow44

3Java Object-

Oriented Approach2, 7, 8, 9, and 122, 7, 8, and 91

4Exception

Handling10 and 16105

5Working with

Arrays and

Collections5 and 1453

6Working with

Streams and

Lambda

Expressions6, 15, and 1864 and 7

7Java Platform

Module System11 and 17116

8Concurrency187

9Java I/O API19 and 208 and 9

10Secure Coding in

Java SE

Application2211

11Database

Applications

with JDBC2110

12Localization165

13Annotations132

xx Introduction Some of our chapters have a lot of questions. For example, Chapter 3 contains more than 200 questions. This is based on how Oracle chose to organize its objectives. We recommend doing these larger chapters in batches of 30-50 questions at a time. That way you can reinforce your learning before doing more questions. This also lets you practice with sets of questions that are closer to the length of the exam.

Taking thePractice Exams

Reviewing Exam Changes

Introduction xxi

Ready toTake theExam

If you can score above 70 percent consistently on all of the chapters related to the exam you want to take, including above a 70 percent on the simulated practice exam, then you are probably ready to take the real exam. Just remember there"s a big difference between taking a practice test by yourself in your own home, versus spending hundreds of dollars to take a real proctored exam. Although a lot of people are inclined to cram as much material as they can in the hours leading up to the exam, most studies have shown that this is a poor test-taking strategy. The best thing we can recommend that you do before the exam is to get a good night"s rest!

Need More Help Preparing?

Both of the authors are moderators at , a very large and active program- ming forum that is very friendly toward Java beginners. See the OCP Forum. If you don"t understand a question, even after reading the explanation, feel free to ask about it in one of those forums. You"ll get an answer from a knowledgeable Java pro- grammer. It might even be one of us.

Good luck on the exam and happy studies!

Interactive Online Learning

Environment and Test Bank

To access the interactive online learning environment and test bank, simply visit , register to receive your unique PIN, and instantly gain one year of FREE access after activation to the interactive test bank with 3 practice exams and hundreds of domain-by-domain questions. Over 1,000 questions total!

Working withJava

Data Types

THE OCP EXAM TOPICS COVERED IN THIS

PRACTICE TEST INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:

Working with Java Data Types

1

2 Chapter 1

Working withJava Data Types

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Float q = 4.0f;

double q = 4.0f;

Double q = 4.0f;

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