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Preparation of Graphics for Publications withMatlab Many authors useMatlab(http://www.mathworks.com/) to prepare graphics for pub- lication and presentations. However, the defaultMatlabsettings often lead to inappropri- ately small font sizes and narrow line widths. It is also important to save the ...gure with an appropriate graphics format. The following brief discussion will help authors address these issues. For print publication, AIP recommends that the font size on ...gure labels be 8 pt or larger (http://www.aip.org/pubservs/style/4thed/toc.html, 1997 Addendum). The font size inMatlabusually defaults to 10 pt. However, when the ...gure is reduced to ...t the publication"s column width, the reproduced font size is often much smaller than the original value. Authors should endeavor to assess how much their ...gure will be reduced and scale the fonts accordingly. A font size of 14 pt or even larger is often appropriate. The following simple example illustrates how to change the font size when working from theMatlabcommand line (with prompt indicated by>>). First, we plot a curve for the dependence of sounds speed on temperature in dry air: >>T=linspace(0, 20); c=331.6*sqrt(1+T/273.15); >>plot(T, c) A ...gure window will now display the curve. To change the numbers on the coordinate axes to 18-pt font size, we would type >>set(gca, "fontsize", 18) in whichgcarefers to the axes of the current graph. The axes can be labeled by entering: >>xlabel("Temperature (n circC)", "fontsize", 18) >>ylabel("Sound speed (m s^{-1})", "fontsize", 18) Here, the “^{-1}"and “ncirc"are TEX-style commands for special characters supported byMatlab. For best results in a publication, graphics should generally be saved to an encapsulated postscript ...le. Such ...les store lines in a vector format, which remains sharp when the ...gure is rescaled for printing. The print function can be used for this purpose.

To create the ...le MyFigure.eps,

>>print -deps2 MyFigure The option-deps2saves the ...gure to a black-and-white ...le, even if the lines appear in color in the ...gure window. This is normally desirable for publication. The option-depsc2 line styles inMatlab. A TIFF format, rather than postscript, would be appropriate for images, such as those created with theMatlabimage, surf, and mesh functions. The defaultMatlabsettings for the-dtiffoption save the TIFF ...le at a high resolution appropriate for publication. Other formats, such as GIF, JPEG, and Windows Bitmap (bmp), should generally be avoided for publications (and indeed are not accepted by many journals, including theJournal of the Acoustical Society of America), as they often lead to a substantial loss in image quality. 1

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Temperature (°C)Sound speed (m s

1 )Figure 1: Plot of the sound speed vs. temperature, as saved to an encapsulated postcript ...le. Font size was increased to 18 pt. These formats may be desirable for incorporation into presentations, however. In particular, JPEG often produces images with satisfactory compression and quality. Figures 1 and 2 compare an encapsulated postscript ...le with 18-pt fontsize to a bitmap ...le with the defaultMatlabfont size. Particularly when these ...gures are printed, the curve in Figure 1 will appear smoother. As with ...gures prepared for publication, those prepared for presentations should gen- erally have larger font sizes than theMatlabdefaults. It also is important to increase the width of the lines in ...gures for presentations. The MATLAB default line width, 0.5 pt, is too thin to project well. A width of 2 pt or larger is recommended. Also, for a a black-and-white or gray-scale format (as withprint -deps2). We thus might choose to generate a JPEG ...le, to be incorporated into a PowerPoint presentation, as follows: >>plot(T, c, "r", "linewidth", 2) >>set(gca, "fontsize", 18, "linewidth", 2) >>xlabel("Temperature (ncircC)", "fontsize", 18) >>ylabel("Sound speed (m s^{-1})", "fontsize", 18) >>print -djpeg MyFigure Note that the linewidth has been increased for both the plotted curve and the coordinate axes. The result is shown in Figure 3. These instructions have described how to change the font size and line widths using command-line instructions. These and other graphics properties can also be changed inter- actively. Choose the "Edit Plot" (pointer) tool near the top of the ...gure window, select the objects to be changed, and then right-click on the desired object to change its properties. The font sizes and line widths can also be adjusted using a ...gure copy template. After 2 Figure 2: Plot of the sound speed vs. temperature, as saved to an Windows bitmap ...le.

Font size is the default for Matlab.Figure 3: Plot of the sound speed vs. temperature, as saved to an encapsulated postcript

...le. Font size was increased to 18 pt and the linewidth to 2 pt. 3 creating the ...gure (but leaving the font sizes and line widths to their defaults), go to the File menu on the top of the ...gure window, and then select "Preferences." Next, select "Figure Copy Template." Click on "PowerPoint", and then "Apply to Figure". This will automatically change the font weight to bold, increase the font size by 120%, and change the width of all lines to 2 pt. The ...le can then be saved to an appropriate format. Note that the "Save As..." option (selected from the File menu) and the corresponding command-lineprintfunction and donotalways produce graphics of the same quality. For example,print -dtiffproduces a TIFF ...le with less compression than "Save As...". Use print -dtiffnocompressionto avoid compression altogether. (This will often be a very large ...le!) Finally, we mention a capability ofMatlabthat can be a valuable time saver if ...gures must be slightly modi...ed at a later time, for example if a reviewer suggests that the label on an axis should be changed, as frequently happens. After creating the ...gure, go to the File menu, and then select Save. Save the graphic as aMatlab...gure (....g) ...le. Later, the ...le can be reopened by going to the File menu, and then selecting Open. Modi...cations can be made readily, and the results can then be saved to a graphics ...le. These instructions were prepared by Keith Wilson, U.S. Army Engineer Research and

Development Center, on 6 Aug. 2010.

Please send suggestions and corrections to D.Keith.Wilson@usace.army.mil. 4quotesdbs_dbs17.pdfusesText_23