Chapter 8 - Alkenes, Alkynes and Aromatic Compounds
2 Briefly identify the important distinctions between an alkene and an alkane 3 Classify each compound as saturated or unsaturated Identify each as an alkane, an alkene, or an alkyne 1 2 CH 3 CH 2 C≡CCH 3 3 Answers 1 Unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds and are quite reactive;
Experiment: Reactions of alkanes, alkenes, and cycloalkenes
with each hydrocarbon family (alkane, alkene, alkyne, aromatic) Because of the number and variety of hydrocarbons that can exist, some means of classification is necessary One means of classification depends on the way in which carbon atoms are connected Chain
CHAPTER FOUR Alkenes and Alkynes
• The lone pair of electrons of an alkane anion lies in an sp3 hybrid orbital, which has 25 scharacter • For an alkene anion, the lone pair lies in an sp2 hybrid orbital, which has 33 scharacter • For a terminal alkyne anion, the lone pair lies in an sp hybrid orbital, which has 50 s character
8: Alkenes and Alkynes
The simplest alkene ethene (H2C=CH2) is planar with H-C-H and H-C-C bond angles that are close to 120° Figure 8 2 These 120° bond angles and the planar geometry are consistent with sp2 hybridization for each of ethene's C atoms (Chapter 1) Each C uses its three sp2 1
HYDROCARBON STRUCTURE AND CHEMISTRY: ALKANES
bonding state characteristic of alkanes, and each carbon atom in an alkane lies at the center of a tetrahedron Furthermore, there is “free rotation” about each carbon-carbon sigma bond in alkanes, so multiple rotation forms (conformers) are possible for an individual alkane as shown below for butane
Chapter 1 Organic Compounds: Alkanes
Alkane None H C H C H H H H CH3CH3 ethane Alkene CC C ethene (ethylene) H H C H H H2CCH2 Alkyne CC C CH HC CH ethyne (acetylene) Aromatic CC C C C C CC C C C C HH HH HH benzene Alcohol C O H CCOH H H H H H CH3CH2OH ethyl alcohol Ether CO C OCCH H H H CH3OCH3 methoxymethane (dimethyl ether) H H 30 N H Amine CH HNH H H H CH3NH2 methylamine
Alkanes - Rutgers University
Alkyl groups are named by replacing the –ane suffix of the alkane name with –yl E g CH 3 CH 3 Ethane CH 3 CH 2 - Ethyl group CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 Propane CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 - Propyl group Common branched alkyl groups have trivial names: The names sec and tert are short for secondary and tertiary, referring to the degree of alkyl substitution
Zeeshan Nawaz* Light alkane dehydrogenation to light olefin
ferential between alkane and the corresponding alkene A comprehensive review of light alkane dehydrogenation technologies by defining the optimal synergy between
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