Table of Acids with Ka and pKa Values* CLAS
Table of Acids with Ka and pKa Values* CLAS Acid HA A-Ka pKa Acid Strength Conjugate Base Strength Hydroiodic HI I-Hydrobromic HBr Br-Perchloric HClO4 ClO4-Hydrochloric HCl Cl-Chloric HClO3 ClO3-Sulfuric (1) H2SO4 HSO4-Nitric HNO3 NO3-Strong acids completely dissociate in aq solution (Ka > 1, pKa < 1)
pKa Chart 1 2 conjugate acid conjugate base conjugate acid
H2SO4 HBr HI I Br HSO4 TsOH HNO3 HF O H O H O H H O H O H H O H O O O H NH H2CO3 HN 3 O H H H2S HCl Cl H F N NO3 SH TsO- HCO3 N O O-10-9-8-3 6-2 4-1 7-1 3 4 7 4 8 3 2 sulfuric acid hydroiodic acid hydrobromic acid
pKa Table: Effect of electronegativity and resonance
pKa Table: Effect of electronegativity and resonance e g Na+ Na+ H2SO4-4 HSO4-HNO3-2 NO3-HCCH 25 alkyne H2N-HCC acetylide e g , sodium acetylide HCCNa+ H-H Hyg rogen H-H ydie g,soumh 35 H-Na+ HN H H H 9(10) H3N
pKa Values INDEX - Organic Chemistry Data
pKa Values INDEX Inorganic 2 Phenazine 24 Phosphates 3 Pyridine 25 Carboxylic acids 4, 8 Pyrazine 26 HClO3 -1 00 28 H2SO4 -3 0, 1 9 28 HClO4 (70 ) -10 00 31 HSO3
(Strongest Acid) (Weakest Base) H HN 94 HN H -12 H HO O 100 O
s o ho o o hooh h o hh n oh o o ch 3ch 2h h o c cl 3coh c o h o n h h h c ch 3oh o ch 3 c c c ch 3 oo hh c hooh o o ch 3ch 2h o hh n oo o o c cl 3co c o o n h h c ch
TABLE OF CONJUGATE ACID-BASE PAIRS Acid Base Ka (25 C)
TABLE OF CONJUGATE ACID-BASE PAIRS Acid Base K a (25 oC) HClO 4 ClO 4 – H 2 SO 4 HSO 4 – HCl Cl– HNO 3 NO 3 – H 3 O + H 2 O H 2 CrO 4 HCrO 4 – 1 8 x 10–1 H 2 C 2 O 4 (oxalic acid) HC 2 O 4 – 5 90 x 10–2 [H
Acids and Bases
Polyprotic Acids As we have seen, several common acids can potentially donate more than one proton Sulfuric (H 2SO 4) and phosphoric (H 3PO 4) acids are particularly prominent examples:
Chapter 17
pH = pKa + log [ ] [ ] HA A− We know all of these values now except HA Plugging into the equation: 3 88 = 4 2 + log x 0 1 x = 0 21 M Thus, we need 0 21 mols in the 1 liter solution The MW of benzoic acid is 122 6 g/mol, requiring 25 6 g = 26 g using sig fig 27) a) CH3COOH/CH3COONa is an acid/base conjugate pair and will form a buffer
Whatmakesanacidan BronstedLowry AcidBase Chemistry
Acid 1: pKa 6 9 or Acid 2: 12 6 Understanding Relationships • Stronger acids have larger Ka’s and smaller pKa’s Acid 1: pKa 6 9 or Acid 2: pKa 12 6 • Since Acid 1 has the lower pKa value, it is the stronger acid Understanding Relationships • Which acid is stronger? Acid 1: pKa 35 4 or Acid 2: pKa 15 8
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