[PDF] What is Open Source Software? - NIST



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What is Open Source Software? Use Modify Distribute Free Software Source Available Open Source Freeware Shareware FOSS Libre FSF OSI



PowerPoint Presentation to Accompany

Freeware: can be used at no cost for unlimited period of time Apple iTunes, 7-Zip, Evernote Shareware: offered in trial or limited period; allows you to try before you buy Microsoft, Adobe, Apple Donationware: developers accept donations Apache OpenOffice



PPT and Multimedia

the PowerPoint presentation 2 abilities specifically with regard to sounds and movies shareware or freeware Apple Macintosh 50 Prints faster Cuts down on queue



Chap 01 Presentation - University of Minnesota Duluth

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Introduction & Overview

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computer basics - Delhi University

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What is Open Source Software? - NIST

Shareware Freeware •Open Source Commercially Supported Foundation Supported Community Supported Classes •Applications: Off-the-shelf products that are complete and that can be run without any additional development •Components: Software that cannot be run without additional development or integration, such as libraries or frameworks



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RCARC Presentation July 2013

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Chapter 7 Software - FTMS

Presentation Software • A presentation program is a software program that helps create a slideshow that addresses a topic • Presentation programs are often used in businesses and schools for discussing a topic or for teaching • It typically includes three major functions: – an editor that allows text to be inserted and formatted

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© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source

Software?

Andy Murren

SilaSolutions Group

amurren@silasg.com

4 Oct 2016

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 2

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

What is Open Source Software (OSS)?

Open Source Software is COMMERCIAL*software!

"software for which the human-readable source code is available for use, study, reuse, modification, enhancement, and redistribution by the users of that software." -DoD Originally known as ͞Free Software" referring to liberty not cost Also know as: Libre Software, Free-Libre Software, Free/Open Source Software (FOSS), Free-Libre /Open

Source Software (FLOSS)

* Per OMB and DoD rules OSS is almostalways COTS. There are a few special cases where OSS is not COTS. Consult your legal

team for specific guidance.

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 3

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

The Open Source Definition (OSD) Criteria

1.Free Redistribution

2.Source Code

3.Derived Works

4.Integrity of The Author's Source Code

5.No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups

6.No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor

7.Distribution of License

8.License Must Not Be Specific to a Product

9.License Must Not Restrict Other Software

10.License Must Be Technology-Neutral

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 4

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

What OSS is Not

An insidious Communist plot to destroy capitalism

Substantially more or less secure than proprietary software A magic bullet to solve every problem, which may be proprietary, Open Core, OSS, or a combination

Without cost

Without the same need to manage and update as

proprietary software

The same as Shareware or Freeware, which are

proprietary

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 5

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

Why to Use OSS

Reduced Costs

ƒTotal Cost of Ownership (TCO)

ƒDevelopment costs

ƒSupport costs

ƒNo per user/per instance costs

Interoperability using open standards and APIs

Can evaluate for suitability, security, etc.

Can modify to address user's needs

Avoid vendor or integrator lock-in

Ability to do rapid prototyping/proof of concept

Can share and redistribute with other organizations

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 6

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

Why Not to Use OSS

Software does not provide required functionality

License compliance considerations

Insufficient external support available

Incompatibilities with existing systems or software

Lack of required skills in the organization

Missing features (e.g. support for FIPS approved

encryption)

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 7

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

Legal Status of OSS for Government Use

OSS meets the definition of Commercial software (COTS) under the FAR and DFAR It can be used by Federal agencies the same as other COTS

Must comply with the software's license

Contribution of modifications to back to the developer community encouraged

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 8

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

Types of OSS licenses

Copyright law: Must have permission to copy software

ƒPermission is given by a license

ƒProprietary software: Pay for a license to use a copy/copies ƒOSS licenses grant more rights, but still conditional licenses Can be grouped into three categories (differing goals): ƒPermissive: Can make proprietary versions (MIT, BSD-new)

ƒStrongly protectiǀe͗ Can't distribute proprietary ǀersion or combined (linked) into proprietary work; if give someone the binary, must give them the source if asked (GPL)

ƒWeakly protectiǀe͗ Can't distribute proprietary ǀersion of this component, but canlink into larger proprietary work (LGPL)

The most popular OSS licenses tend to be compatible

ƒCompatible = you can create larger programs by combining software with different licenses (must obey all of them)

Source͗ Dr. D. Wheeler ͞Open Source Software (OSS or FLOSS), Government, and Cyber Security" 2013

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 9

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

Dual Licenses

Software is licensed under one OSS license and either an OSS license or a Proprietary license

OSS/OSS license scheme

ƒAllows users to select how to use the software and license derived works

ƒExample: Perl programming language licensed under Perl Artistic License and GNU General Public License (GPL)

OSS/Proprietary license scheme

ƒAllows companies to distribute software as OSS and sell software proprietary licenses

ƒSometimes referred to as Open Core

ƒExample: SonarSourceCommunity Edition licensed under GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), other versions available under proprietary license

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 10

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

Open Core

A hybrid of Open Source and Proprietary software

Core functionality available under an OSS license

Enhanced features and functionality available under

Proprietary license

Using enhanced features and functionality may result in vendor lock-in

Under some licensing schemes user changes or

enhancements may become proprietary vendor property

What is Open Source Software?

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 11

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

Types and Classes of Software

Types

Closed Source

ƒProprietary

ƒShareware

ƒFreeware

Open Source

ƒCommercially Supported

ƒFoundation Supported

ƒCommunity Supported

Classes

Applications:Off-the-shelf

products that are complete and that can be run without any additional development

Components:Software that

cannot be run without additional development or integration, such as libraries or frameworks

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 12

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

Open Source Software Support

CommercialCommunity

FoundationIndependent

Bug FixesYesYesYes

Call Center SupportYesNoNo

Chat or IMSomeSomeSome

Consulting ServicesSomeSome No

DocumentationYesYesYes

Email SupportYesYesYes

Feature UpdatesYesYesYes

On-line ForumsYesYesYes

Security PatchesYesYesYes

SLASomeNoNo

Note: The Open Source components of Open Core are generally supported similar to Foundation and the proprietary components the same as closed source proprietary software.

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 13

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

Edžamples of OSS and It's Primary Support

Hadoop Software Library -The Apache Foundation

LibreOffice-The Document Foundation

Linux Operating System

ƒRed Hat Enterprise Linux -Red Hat Corporation

ƒCentOS -Community

SonarSourceCode Quality Management Tool

ƒSonarSourceCommunity Edition -Community

ƒSonarSourceProfessional Edition -SonarSource

Struts Java Framework -The Apache Foundation

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 14

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

Comparison of Proprietary SW & OSS

Closed SourceOpen CoreOpen Source

Components

Commercial

Support

Community

Support

Source Code

Available

No or only

with restrictions

NoNoNo or only with

restrictions

No or only with

restrictionsYesYes

Binary

Executables

Available

YesYesYesYesYesYesUsually

No

Restrictions

on How Used

NoNoNoNoNoYesYes

Unlimited

Number of

Users

NoNoNoNo or only with

restrictions

No or only with

restrictionsYesYes

Right to

Study How

Software

Works

NoNoNoNo or only with

restrictionsNoYesYes

Right to

RedistributeNoNoYesNoNoYesYes

Right to

ModifyNoNoNoNo or only with

restrictions

No or only with

restrictionsYesYes

Right to ForkNoNoNoNoNoUsuallyUsually

Andy Murren, Silas Solutions Group

amurren@silasg.com 15

© Sila Solutions Group 2016

What is Open Source Software?

Classes of Software -Applications

ApplicationExamplesCommercially

Supported

Community

Supported

OperatingSystemRed Hat Enterprise Linux

CentOS Linux

XX X

Web ServerApache

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