For Lassa and the South American hemorrhagic fever agents, laboratory samples from suspected cases should be handled under biosafety level 4 containment until treated chemically (10% hypochlorite, Lysol, formaldehyde, or peracetic acid) or with gamma irradiation.May 12, 2019.
How is Lassa fever handled in the lab?
For Lassa and the South American hemorrhagic fever agents, laboratory samples from suspected cases should be handled under biosafety level 4 containment until treated chemically (10% hypochlorite, Lysol, formaldehyde, or peracetic acid) or with gamma irradiation.May 12, 2019.
How is Lassa virus diagnosed?
Lassa fever is most often diagnosed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent serologic assays (ELISA), which detect IgM and IgG antibodies as well as Lassa antigen. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) can be used in the early stage of disease..
What are the risk factors of Lassa virus?
Individuals at greatest risk of Lassa virus infection are those who live in or visit endemic regions, including Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea, and Nigeria and have exposure to the multimammate rat. Risk of exposure may also exist in other west African countries where Mastomys rodents exist..
What biohazard level is Lassa fever virus?
Biohazard Level 4 usually includes dangerous viruses like Ebola, Marburg virus, Lassa fever, Bolivian hemorrhagic fever, and many other hemorrhagic viruses found in the tropics..
What biosafety level is Arenavirus?
The viruses that cause these human diseases are BioSafety Level 4 pathogens; they must be handled under maximum containment conditions to prevent human exposure in the laboratory..
What biosafety level is Lassa virus?
Lassa virus is classified as a Hazard Group 4 virus (and a US Select Agent) and must be handled under maximum biosafety containment (BSL-4).Aug 21, 2020.
What category is the Lassa virus?
Class:
Ellioviricetes
Order:
Bunyavirales
Family:
Arenaviridae
Genus:
Mammarenavirus
.
What is the classification of Lassa virus?
Lassa virus is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Arenaviridae family and has been classified as a category A bioterrorism agent [14]..
What risk group is Lassa virus?
Nosocomial transmission can occur but person-to-person transmission is rare [1,3]. Lassa virus is classified as a Hazard Group 4 virus (and a US Select Agent) and must be handled under maximum biosafety containment (BSL-4)..
What type of virus is Lassa virus?
Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic illness caused by Lassa virus, a member of the arenavirus family of viruses. Humans usually become infected with Lassa virus through exposure to food or household items contaminated with urine or faeces of infected Mastomys rats..
Why is there no vaccine for Lassa virus?
Difficulties around the development of vaccines and vaccine research have included access to funding, weak health care systems, lack of knowledge about the incidence of the disease (including surveillance or epidemiological data), and the presence of different lineages of the virus in the countries where Lassa fever .
Arenaviruses cause several viral hemorrhagic fevers endemic to Africa and South America. The respective causative agents are classified as biosafety level (BSL) 4 pathogens.
Individuals at greatest risk of Lassa virus infection are those who live in or visit endemic regions, including Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea, and Nigeria and have exposure to the multimammate rat. Risk of exposure may also exist in other west African countries where Mastomys rodents exist.
Lassa fever is an animal-borne, or zoonotic, acute viral illness spread by the common African rat. It is endemic in parts of West Africa including Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and Nigeria. Neighboring countries are also at risk because the animal vector lives throughout the region.
Lassa fever is most often diagnosed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent serologic assays (ELISA), which detect IgM and IgG antibodies as well as Lassa antigen. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) can be used in the early stage of disease.
The envelope encloses a helically coiled nucleocapsid genome which measures between 400 and 1300 nm in length. The genome of the Lassa fever virus is a single-stranded, bisegmented ribonucleic acid (RNA). As a typical arenavirus, it lacks the conventional negative-strand coding arrangement.
All work with infectious Lassa and Lujo viruses must be performed in BSL-4/ABSL-4 containment. PRIMARY HAZARDS: Accidental parenteral inoculation, respiratory exposure to infectious droplets, and/or direct contact with broken skin or mucous membranes.
All work with infectious Lassa and Lujo viruses must be performed in BSL-4/ABSL-4 containment. PRIMARY HAZARDS: Accidental parenteral inoculation, respiratory exposure to infectious droplets, and/or direct contact with broken skin or mucous membranes.
All work with infectious Lassa and Lujo viruses must be performed in BSL-4/ABSL-4 containment.
All work with infectious Lassa and Lujo viruses must be performed in BSL-4/ABSL-4 containment. PRIMARY HAZARDS: Accidental parenteral inoculation, respiratory exposure to infectious droplets, and/or direct contact with broken skin or mucous membranes.
How is Lassa fever diagnosed?
Bausch, D. G. et al. Diagnosis and clinical virology of Lassa fever as evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indirect fluorescent-antibody test, and virus isolation. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38, 2670–2677 (2000).
Section I - Infectious Agent
NAME: Lassa virus. SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: Lassa fever, Lassa fever virus, viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF)123. CHARACTERISTICS: Double-segmented, single-stranded RNA virus, belonging to the genus Arenavirus , family Arenaviridae . The viral fragment may occupy several distinct shapes (pleomorphic) measuring 80 to 150nm in diameter14. The surface.
Section III - Dissemination
RESERVOIR: The primary reservoir is the multimammate rat ( Mastomys natalensis )1237. ZOONOSIS: Yes, transmission from the multimammate rat to humans137. VECTORS: Rodents9.
Section V – First Aid / Medical
SURVEILLANCE: Definitive diagnosis is reached mainly upon laboratory testing (i.e. RT-PCR or serological testing) of virus isolation from blood samples, pharyngeal washings, pharyngeal swabs, and/or urine1237. Note: All diagnostic methods are not necessarily available in all countries. FIRST AID/TREATMENT: Ribavirin, which is most effective within .
Section Vi - Laboratory Hazards
LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: Two cases, one fatal, occurred among staff at a research institute in the United States121. Laboratory infections have also occurred in hospital environments3 SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Blood, respiratory and pharyngeal secretions, urine, semen, tissues from human or animal hosts, and rodent excreta3721. PRIMARY HAZARDS: Res.
Section VII – Exposure Controls / Personal Protection
RISK GROUP CLASSIFICATION: Risk Group 422. CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Containment Level 4 facilities, equipment, and operational practices for work involving infectious or potentially infectious materials, animals, and cultures. PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Personnel entering the laboratory must remove street clothing, including undergarments, and jewellery.
Section VIII - Handling and Storage
SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle and, wearing protective clothing, gently cover spill with paper towels and apply suitable disinfectant, starting at the perimeter and working towards the centre. Allow sufficient contact time before clean up (30 min)23. DISPOSAL: Patient excreta, sputum, blood and all objects with which a patient has had contact wit.
What is a Lassa virus?
NAME:
Lassa virus. SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE:Lassa fever, Lassa fever virus, viral haemorrhagic fever ( VHF) 1 2 3. CHARACTERISTICS:Double-segmented, single-stranded RNA virus, belonging to the genus Arenavirus , family Arenaviridae . The viral fragment may occupy several distinct shapes (pleomorphic) measuring 80 to 150nm in diameter 1 4.
What is the cause of Lassa fever?
… Lassa virus (LASV) is the causative agent of Lassa fever (LF), an often-fatal hemorrhagic disease. LF is endemic in Nigeria, Sierra Leone and other West African countries. Diagnosis of LASV infection is challenged by the genetic diversity of the virus, which is greatest in Nigeria.
Lassa virus biosafety level
Species of virus
Hendra virus is a zoonotic virus found solely in Australia. First isolated in 1994, the virus has since been connected to numerous outbreaks of disease in domestic horses and seven human cases. Hendra virus belongs to the genus Henipavirus, which also contains the zoonotic Nipah virus. The reservoir species of Hendra virus are four species of bat within the genus Pteropus native to Australia.
Lassa mammarenavirus (LASV) is an arenavirus that causes Lassa hemorrhagic
Type of viral hemorrhagic fever
Lassa mammarenavirus (LASV) is an arenavirus that causes Lassa hemorrhagic fever, a type of viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF), in humans and other primates. Lassa mammarenavirus is an emerging virus and a select agent, requiring Biosafety Level 4-equivalent containment. It is endemic in West African countries, especially Sierra Leone, the Republic of Guinea, Nigeria, and Liberia, where the annual incidence of infection is between 300,000 and 500,000 cases, resulting in 5,000 deaths per year.
