Brain size and cognitive impairment

  • Does head circumference correlate with IQ?

    Among microcephalic children, IQ has been shown to relate directly to head circumference (Pryor and Thelander 1968).
    O'Connell et al. (1965) have reported that (with certain exclusions) a head circum- ference of two standard deviations or more below the mean is strongly indicative of mental defect..

  • How is brain size related to intellectual capacity?

    Ten years ago, a meta-analysis that examined the results from 26 imaging studies concluded that the correlation between IQ and brain volume is consistently in the 0.3-0.4 range..

  • Why does brain size not affect intelligence?

    So, although having a big brain is somewhat predictive of having big smarts, intelligence probably depends much more on how efficiently different parts of your brain communicate with each other..

  • People with brain atrophy, also called cerebral atrophy, lose brain cells (neurons), and connections between their brain cells and brain volume often decreases.
    This loss can lead to problems with thinking, memory and performing everyday tasks.
    The greater the loss, the more impairment someone has.
Furthermore, studies have shown that there are direct links between reduction in brain tissue volume and cognitive decline (Sluimer et al., 2008), that decline in brain tissue volume and increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) longitudinally are associated with lower cognitive performance (Cardenas et al., 2011), and that
Furthermore, studies have shown that there are direct links between reduction in brain tissue volume and cognitive decline (Sluimer et al., 2008), that decline in brain tissue volume and increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) longitudinally are associated with lower cognitive performance (Cardenas et al., 2011), and that
Hence, a larger 'brain reserve' might delay and slow down cognitive decline compared to a smaller 'brain reserve'. In humans, whole brain volume and/or the volume of certain structures were smaller in individuals with age-related cognitive diseases (Ritchie et al., 2015; Wolf et al., 2004).
Our findings show that cognitive ability in youth is a strong predictor of estimated prior and measured current brain volume in old age but that these effects  IntroductionMethodResultsDiscussion

Are head size and cognitive ability related in nondemented older adults?

Tisserand DJ, Bosma H, Van Boxtel MP, Jolles J.
Head size and cognitive ability in nondemented older adults are related.
Neurology 2001;56:969–971. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] 19.
Gale CR, Walton S, Martyn CN.
Foetal and postnatal head growth and risk of cognitive decline in old age.

Does head circumference affect cognitive impairment in the face of cerebral atrophy?

With greater levels of atrophy, cognition was higher for individuals with greater head circumference.
This study suggests that larger head circumference is associated with less cognitive impairment in the face of cerebral atrophy.

What is mild cognitive impairment?

mild cognitive impairment—a stage between normal cognitive changes that may occur with age and the more serious symptoms that indicate dementia Mixed dementia—Dementia in which one form of dementia and another condition or dementia cause damage to the brain; for example, Alzheimer's disease and small vessel disease or vascular dementia.


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