Cytology pilomatrixoma

  • How is a pilomatrixoma diagnosed?

    A pilomatrixoma is often diagnosed based on how it looks and feels.
    Diagnostic tests may include: Biopsy.
    A tissue sample is taken and looked at under a microscope..

  • What are ghost cells in cytology of pilomatricoma?

    2 Ghost cells are characterized by keratinized eosinophilic cells with distinctive cell borders and central unstained areas that correspond to the lost nuclei [3].
    Because of these unique histological features, pilomatricoma is easy to diagnose on histologic sections..

  • What is a pilomatrixoma?

    A pilomatrixoma (PY-lo-may-trick-SO-mah), also known as pilomatricoma, is a slow-growing, usually non-cancerous, skin tumor of the hair follicle.
    It is most common on the face and neck, but it may be on other parts of the body.
    A pilomatrixoma is usually a single lump, but occasionally, there may be more than one..

  • What is fine needle aspiration cytology of pilomatrixoma?

    The cytological characteristics of PMX is the presence of basaloid cells, calcium deposits, naked nuclei, shadow (“ghost”) cells, giant cells and inflammatory background however in about 40% cases characteristic cytological findings of PMX are absent and the rate of correct identification of PMX by FNA is 44%..

  • What is the difference between a pilomatrixoma and a cyst?

    Trichilemmal cysts, also known as pilar cysts, are benign lesions containing keratinous material and arising from the outer root sheath of hair follicles. 2 A pilomatricoma, also known as a calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a benign superficial tumor originating from hair follicle matrix cells..

  • On ultrasonography, pilomatricomas appear as hypoechoic lesions with inhomogeneous echo structures, well-defined margins, and posterior shadowing.
    Color Doppler generally reveals a single artery that penetrates the lesion and gives rise to multiple intralesional branches.
  • Pilomatricoma is typically an isolated benign tumor of the hair follicle matrix with very low incidence, recurrence, and initial diagnostic accuracy.
  • Trichilemmal cysts, also known as pilar cysts, are benign lesions containing keratinous material and arising from the outer root sheath of hair follicles. 2 A pilomatricoma, also known as a calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a benign superficial tumor originating from hair follicle matrix cells.
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), the most favoured diagnostic modality in superficial masses, usually shows characteristic features of pilomatrixoma. These include basaloid cell clusters, shadow (ghost) cells, calcification, and few nucleated squamous cells. Giant cells may be seen in response to keratin [5].
Pilomatrixoma, a common skin appendageal tumor in head and neck region, should be considered in the cytologic differential diagnoses of subcutaneous masses even in unusual locations like arm. The varied cytomorphology should be remembered to avoid misdiagnosis.

Is pilomatricoma a basophilic tumor?

Histologically, the resected tumor was diagnosed as proliferating pilomatricoma composed of basophilic cells and shadow cells apart from the parotid gland

However, on a re-evaluation of the cytological specimens, the irregular-shaped epithelial cells were considered to be from basophilic cells

What are the cytopathological findings of proliferating pilomatricoma?

We herein reported the cytopathological findings of proliferating pilomatricoma

This lesion sometimes rapidly increases and may be mistaken for a malignant tumor

It is critical to recognize not only basophilic cells but also shadow cells

However, it cannot be diagnosed by cytological findings

What is pilomatrixoma?

Pilomatrixoma is a rare benign slow-growing skin tumor that develops from the cellular matrix of the hair follicle

[ 2] Though the etiology is not determined, repeated skin trauma and inflammation are thought to be the trigger for the hair follicle matrix stimulation

The characteristic components of a pilomatricoma include a stroma of fibrovascular connective tissue surrounding irregularly shaped, lobulated islands containing basaloid cells (being darkly stained, round or elongated, with indistinct cell borders and minimal cytoplasm, with nuclei being round to ovoid, deeply basophilic and generally prominent nucleoli), which abruptly or gradually transitions into ghost cells (having abundant, pale, eosinophilic cytoplasm, well defined cell borders and a central clear area, but only faint traces of nuclear material), which in turn may transition into keratinaceous to amorphous necrosis.

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