Economic demography is an area of study that examines the determinants and consequences of demographic change, including fertility, mortality, marriage, divorce, location (urbanisation, migration, density), age, gender, ethnicity, population size, and population growth.
“Demography is destiny” is an oft-cited phrase that suggests the size, growth, and structure of a nation's population determines its long-term social, economic,
Coale and Hoover, 1958
The next major contribution to the population-impacts literature was provided by Ansley J. Coale and Edgar M National Academy of Sciences, 1971
Arguably the most pessimistic assessment of the consequences of population growth was a study compiled by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) United Nations, 1973
In 1973 the United Nations weighed in with an update of its previous seminal work (United Nations 1953) Revisionism, 1980s and Beyond
The 1980s represented a decade when many of the underlying assumptions and conclusions of earlier studies of population–development Julian L. Simon, 1981
No one was more important in stimulating the new round of debates in the 1980s than Julian L. Simon, author of The Ultimate Resource (1981) National Academy of Sciences, 1986
Some 15 years after the 1971 National Academy Report that highlighted 25 negative consequences of population growth 