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213270 Back-end development of mobile application for the collection of

Back-end development of mobile

application for the collection of dietary data

Fredrik Back

November 5, 2012

Master's Thesis in Interaction and Design, 30 credits

Supervisor at UmU:Asa Holmner Rocklov

Examiner: Hakan Gulliksson

Ume a University

Department of Applied Physics and Electronics

SE-901 87 UME

A

SWEDEN

Abstract

Smartphones are used by incredibly many people, and in 2011 there where a total of 491.4 million units soled worldwide. Smartphones are known as advanced phones, or personal digital assistants (PDAs). This makes a relevant technique for performing dietary studies when the test patients are on the move. This thesis shows how to create a back end en- vironment for an Android application with existing techniques linked together, using MS SQL database, Visual Studio Web Service, web pages and C# classes and ASP.NET secu- rity. The back end development is used in a dietary study on Gothenburg University, but could be applied on many similar back end projects using databases and server develop- ment. Techniques used in this thesis are: REST (Representational State Transfer) -client implementation and development inside the Android application, using HTTP methods to set and get information from the server and database, and JSON-format to read and trans- fer information in an easy and understandable way, both from the Android application and from the database. FileMaker is also used in this project as a third part programme to visualise the information in the database. ii

Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Gothenburg and Umea university . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

1.2 Statens livsmedelsverk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

1.3 Paper outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

2 Background 5

2.1 PhD thesis project plan by

Asa Svensson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

2.2 The database from SLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

2.3 Mats Hogdals Android application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

2.3.1 Application database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12

3 Problem Description 15

3.1 Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15

3.2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16

4 Technology and software 17

4.1 Limitations in software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17

4.1.1 Choosing software for android . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17

4.1.2 Choosing software for the database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18

4.1.3 Choosing software for the server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18

4.2 Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

4.2.1 Native vs. Mobile Web applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

4.2.2 Android techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

4.3 Working with android . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

4.3.1 REST client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21

4.3.2 JSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

4.4 Working with server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23

4.4.1 Web service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25

4.4.2 C# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

4.4.3 Web pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

4.4.4 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27
iii iv CONTENTS

4.5 Working with database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27

4.5.1 Graph databases on social web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29

5 Methodology 33

5.1 Android . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33

5.2 Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33

5.2.1 Web page design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

5.3 Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

5.4 FileMaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

5.5 User guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

6 Resulting work 35

6.1 Android . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35

6.1.1 Implementing REST-client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35

6.1.2 Programming and design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37

6.2 Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38

6.2.1 Web Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39

6.2.2 Web page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41

6.2.3 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44

6.3 Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45

6.3.1 Database of dietary study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46

6.3.2 ODBC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47

6.4 FileMaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47

7 Conclusions 51

7.1 Future work and changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

51

8 Acknowledgements 53

References55

A User guide 59

List of Figures

1.1 Smartphones market in quarter 4, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

2.1 Start page and registration page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

2.2 Menu page and statistics page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8

2.3 Register intake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9

2.4 Search food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10

2.5 Image of food size on plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11

2.6 Register physical activity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12

2.7 Android application database. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

4.1 Content in ASP.NET web service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

4.2 Complete software overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

4.3 JSON Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23

4.4 ASP Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24

4.5 WebForms round trip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25

4.6 XML request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25

4.7 Comparison between VB and C#. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

4.8 Security levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27

4.9 Relational database. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28

Back-end development of mobile

application for the collection of dietary data

Fredrik Back

November 5, 2012

Master's Thesis in Interaction and Design, 30 credits

Supervisor at UmU:Asa Holmner Rocklov

Examiner: Hakan Gulliksson

Ume a University

Department of Applied Physics and Electronics

SE-901 87 UME

A

SWEDEN

Abstract

Smartphones are used by incredibly many people, and in 2011 there where a total of 491.4 million units soled worldwide. Smartphones are known as advanced phones, or personal digital assistants (PDAs). This makes a relevant technique for performing dietary studies when the test patients are on the move. This thesis shows how to create a back end en- vironment for an Android application with existing techniques linked together, using MS SQL database, Visual Studio Web Service, web pages and C# classes and ASP.NET secu- rity. The back end development is used in a dietary study on Gothenburg University, but could be applied on many similar back end projects using databases and server develop- ment. Techniques used in this thesis are: REST (Representational State Transfer) -client implementation and development inside the Android application, using HTTP methods to set and get information from the server and database, and JSON-format to read and trans- fer information in an easy and understandable way, both from the Android application and from the database. FileMaker is also used in this project as a third part programme to visualise the information in the database. ii

Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Gothenburg and Umea university . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

1.2 Statens livsmedelsverk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

1.3 Paper outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

2 Background 5

2.1 PhD thesis project plan by

Asa Svensson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

2.2 The database from SLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

2.3 Mats Hogdals Android application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

2.3.1 Application database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12

3 Problem Description 15

3.1 Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15

3.2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16

4 Technology and software 17

4.1 Limitations in software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17

4.1.1 Choosing software for android . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17

4.1.2 Choosing software for the database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18

4.1.3 Choosing software for the server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18

4.2 Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

4.2.1 Native vs. Mobile Web applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

4.2.2 Android techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

4.3 Working with android . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

4.3.1 REST client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21

4.3.2 JSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

4.4 Working with server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23

4.4.1 Web service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25

4.4.2 C# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

4.4.3 Web pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

4.4.4 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27
iii iv CONTENTS

4.5 Working with database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27

4.5.1 Graph databases on social web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29

5 Methodology 33

5.1 Android . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33

5.2 Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33

5.2.1 Web page design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

5.3 Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

5.4 FileMaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

5.5 User guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

6 Resulting work 35

6.1 Android . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35

6.1.1 Implementing REST-client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35

6.1.2 Programming and design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37

6.2 Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38

6.2.1 Web Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39

6.2.2 Web page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41

6.2.3 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44

6.3 Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45

6.3.1 Database of dietary study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

46

6.3.2 ODBC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47

6.4 FileMaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47

7 Conclusions 51

7.1 Future work and changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

51

8 Acknowledgements 53

References55

A User guide 59

List of Figures

1.1 Smartphones market in quarter 4, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

2.1 Start page and registration page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

2.2 Menu page and statistics page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8

2.3 Register intake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9

2.4 Search food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10

2.5 Image of food size on plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11

2.6 Register physical activity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12

2.7 Android application database. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

4.1 Content in ASP.NET web service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

4.2 Complete software overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

4.3 JSON Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23

4.4 ASP Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24

4.5 WebForms round trip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25

4.6 XML request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25

4.7 Comparison between VB and C#. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

4.8 Security levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27

4.9 Relational database. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28

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