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ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

ABC of women workers' rights

and gender equality

Second edition

International Labour Office Geneva

First published 2000

Second edition 2007

Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without autho-

rization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, appli-

cation should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Permissions), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: pubdroit@ilo.org. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered in the United Kingdom with the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP [Fax: (+44) (0)20 7631 5500; email: cla@cla.co.uk], in the United States with the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 [Fax: (+1) (978) 750 4470; email: info@copyright.com] or in other coun- tries with associated Reproduction Rights Organizations, may make photocopies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. ILO

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

Geneva, International Labour Office, 2000

Woman worker, women's rights, equal employment opportunity, ILO Convention,

ILO Recommendation, comment. 14.04.2

ISBN 978-92-2-119622-8

ILO Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations prac- tice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoe- ver on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International

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Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Introduction: Labour standards promoting women workers' rights and gender equality 1

1. How to use this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2. Gender equality in the ILO's mandate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3. International labour Conventions and Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4. Gender equality, a fundamental human right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5. History of standard setting to promote women workers' rights and gender

equality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

6. Sources of gender equality law: International labour standards,

supranational law and national law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

7. Application and enforcement at the national level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

8. ILO standard setting and other means of action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

A Access to employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Advertising for workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Affirmative action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Agricultural and other rural workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Atypical work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 B Benzene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Biological risks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Bonded labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Breastfeeding workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Bullying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Burden of proof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 C Call centres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Care work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Career breaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Career opportunities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Cash and medical benefits for maternity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Casual work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Childcare and family services and facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Child labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 v Clandestine work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Collective bargaining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Commercial sexual exploitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Conditions and benefits of employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Contract compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Cooperatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Cultural identity, respect for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 D Decent work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Dependent workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Disabilities, workers with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Disciplinary action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Discrimination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Dismissal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Diversity in the workplace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Division of labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Domestic workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 E Early retirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Economic activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Economically active population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Elder care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Employability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Employee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Employer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Employers' organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Employment injury benefit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Employment-intensive works programmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Employment policy and promotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Employment relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Equality of opportunity and treatment in employment and occupation . . . . . 73 Equal remuneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Export processing zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 F Facilities and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Family benefit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 vi

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

Family responsibilities, workers with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Family services and facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Female-headed households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Flexibility of labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Forced labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Freedom of association and the right to organize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Fundamental principles and rights at work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 G

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

ABC of women workers' rights

and gender equality

Second edition

International Labour Office Geneva

First published 2000

Second edition 2007

Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without autho-

rization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, appli-

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

Geneva, International Labour Office, 2000

Woman worker, women's rights, equal employment opportunity, ILO Convention,

ILO Recommendation, comment. 14.04.2

ISBN 978-92-2-119622-8

ILO Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them.

Visit our web site: www.ilo.org/publns

Photocomposed in Switzerland BRI

Printed in Switzerland PCL

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Introduction: Labour standards promoting women workers' rights and gender equality 1

1. How to use this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2. Gender equality in the ILO's mandate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3. International labour Conventions and Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4. Gender equality, a fundamental human right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5. History of standard setting to promote women workers' rights and gender

equality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

6. Sources of gender equality law: International labour standards,

supranational law and national law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

7. Application and enforcement at the national level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

8. ILO standard setting and other means of action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

12 3 4 5 Next

Politique de confidentialité -Privacy policy

[PDF] ABC of women workers rights and gender equality - ILO

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

ABC of women workers' rights

Second edition

International Labour Office Geneva

First published 2000

Second edition 2007

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

Geneva, International Labour Office, 2000

ILO Recommendation, comment. 14.04.2

ISBN 978-92-2-119622-8

ILO Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them.

Visit our web site: www.ilo.org/publns

Photocomposed in Switzerland BRI

Printed in Switzerland PCL

Contents

1. How to use this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2. Gender equality in the ILO's mandate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3. International labour Conventions and Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4. Gender equality, a fundamental human right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5. History of standard setting to promote women workers' rights and gender

6. Sources of gender equality law: International labour standards,

7. Application and enforcement at the national level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

8. ILO standard setting and other means of action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

ABC of women workers' rights

Second edition

International Labour Office Geneva

First published 2000

Second edition 2007

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

Geneva, International Labour Office, 2000

ILO Recommendation, comment. 14.04.2

ISBN 978-92-2-119622-8

ILO Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them.

Visit our web site: www.ilo.org/publns

Photocomposed in Switzerland BRI

Printed in Switzerland PCL

Contents

1. How to use this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2. Gender equality in the ILO's mandate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3. International labour Conventions and Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4. Gender equality, a fundamental human right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5. History of standard setting to promote women workers' rights and gender

6. Sources of gender equality law: International labour standards,

7. Application and enforcement at the national level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

8. ILO standard setting and other means of action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality