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Séquence 3

Speech: the power

of the spoken word

Words are of course, the most powerful drug

used by mankind 1 .Ž Rudyard Kipling

You can stroke

2 people with words.Ž

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Mans deadliest

3 weapon is language.Ž

Arthur Koestler

1Séquence 3 - AN111. mankind = humanity

2. stroke = caress

3. deadliest = most dangerous

Sommaire

Objectifs de la séquence

1. Get ready: getting to know famous speech makers

and their causes

2. Learning to listen attentively to a speech

3. Understanding how to make a good speech

4. Practising making your own speech

5. Developing your capacity at understanding

a written speech

6. On the way to autonomy© Cned Ð AcadŽmie en ligne

2Séquence 3 - AN11

Dans cette séquence, vous allez apprendre à comprendre et à réaliser un discours militant et à rédiger et à clamer votre propre discours. Pour cela, des activités vous seront proposées à partir de documents variés liés à des discours de personnalités célèbres du monde anglo- phone, pour vous informer et développer vos compétences en lecture, en audition et en expression orale et écrite.

1. Get ready: getting to know famous speech makers and their causes

Vous allez vous familiariser avec trois personnages célèbres dont les dis- cours ont marqué l"actualité et l"histoire récente au niveau mondial, ainsi que les thématiques traitées dans leurs discours. 2.

Learning to listen attentively to a speech

Vous apprendrez à dégager le sens d"un discours en approfondissant de plus en plus votre écoute pour apprécier non seulement le message mais aussi la manière de le déclamer. 3.

Understanding how to make a good speech

Vous développerez votre capacité à repérer les techniques essentielles d u bon orateur.

4. Practising making your own speech

Pas à pas, vous vous entraînerez à rédiger et à clamer votre propre dis- cours.

5. Developing your capacity at understanding a written speech

Vous allez apprendre à repérer et à analyser les différents éléments qui vous permettent de dégager le sens principal et d"apprécier les nuan- ces dans le texte d"un discours. Vous travaillerez aussi sur le passage de l" écrit à l"oral afin d"approfondir vos compétences en prononciation. 6.

On the way to autonomy

Après quelques activités d"entraînement linguistique, l"activité propo sée est semblable à celle réalisée en amont, mais cette fois-ci, nous reti- rons les béquilles, et vous devez travailler seul et évaluer vous-même la qualité de votre prestation Objectifs de la séquence© Cned Ð AcadŽmie en ligne

3Séquence 3 - AN11

Activity 1

Study the following documents

then do the activities. A p/gg B gg D

© akg images / PictureContact.

F p/gg E akg-images. C 1

Getting to know famous speech

makers and their causes© Cned Ð AcadŽmie en ligne

4Séquence 3 - AN11

Two of these men are regularly in the news, and the other one is remembered every year on a specific day in his country of birth. Match each name with the reason for his fame.

Barack Obama was the first Black

President of South

A frica

Nelson Mandela was a prominent

leader of t he civil- rights movement in America

Martin Lut

her King is the first African-

Americ

an President of the United States a. Match each famous figure with the corresponding picture.

ABCDEF

Barack Obama

Nelson Mandela

Martin Luther King

b.Complete each sentence with the correct name. (Use the pictures to help you.) ... led a civil rights march in Washing- ton D.C. in 1963 before making his historical speech against racial discrimin ation. ... devoted his time and energy to the fight against poverty on a world scale after serving two Presidencies ... inspired admiration worldwide after his speech on race on March 18, 2008. What do all three men represented here have in common? B. ObamaB. ObamaM. L. KingM. L. KingN. MandelaN. Mandela Their ancestors were African.Their ancestors were African.?? ?

Their f

athers were born in Africa.Their fathers were born in Africa.?? ? The y have fought for a better humanThey have fought for a better human condition.condition. The y have been elected President.They have been elected President.?? ? The y are American.They are American.?? ? The y were awarded the Nobel Peace They were awarded the Nobel Peace

Prize.Prize.

You may not be familiar with theses

words and expressions that appear in the activities below: civil rights: rights of every citizen to serve a Presidency: to occupy the position of President speech: a talk or address given in public to herd animals: to look after domestic animals in pasture

Wordbank© Cned Ð AcadŽmie en ligne

5Séquence 3 - AN11

What do you already know about these great men? Tick the appro- priate figure(s) for each statement.

Activity 2

You are going to listen to the recording of the three figures" biographies to check your answers. Follow these steps to prepare the listening activity. Listen to the pronunciation of the following words to familiarise your- self with how they sound. As you listen, look at the phonetic trans- cript to visualise the pronunciation, then repeat each word.

M.L. KING N. MANDELA B. OBAMA

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

M.L. KING N. MANDELA B. OBAMA

1. His father was from Kenya and His father was from Kenya and

grew up herding goats.grew up herding goats.

2. He was a man of the church like He was a man of the church like

his father.his father.

3. He spent his childhood first in He spent his childhood first in

Indonesia and then in Hawaii.Indonesia and then in Hawaii.

4. His father was chief of a small His father was chief of a small

African village.African village.

5. He organized protests and He organized protests and

mobilized his people, in a pacific mobilized his people, in a pacific manner.manner.

6. He studied law at Harvard He studied law at Harvard

University.University.

7. He spent 27 years in prison as an He spent 27 years in prison as an

enemy of the state.enemy of the state.

8. He was a civil rights lawyer.He was a civil rights lawyer.

9. He was assassinated in 1963.He was assassinated in 1963.

10. He is one of the worlds greatestHe is one of the worlds greatest and most admired political leaders.and most admired political leaders.

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Word you hearPronunciationTranslationWord you hearPronunciationTranslation

pastorpastor/?p??st?//?p??st?/pasteur (déglise protestante)pasteur (déglise protestante)

ministerminister/minist?// minist?/ecclésiastique (protestant)ecclésiastique (protestant) awardaward/??w??d//??w??d/attribuer, décernerattribuer, décerner lawlaw/l??//l??/loiloi herdherd/h?d//h?d/garder (un troupeau)garder (un troupeau)© Cned Ð AcadŽmie en ligne

6Séquence 3 - AN11

Read the following notes to be sure you will understand all the cultu- ral references and important vocabulary in the biographies.

The African National Congress

(ANC): a political party that sought to unite all Africans and re gain their rights and freedom.

Disbarred:forbidden to practise law.

Apartheid:term used to define official segregation between Blacks and

Whites in South Africa.

To attend (school, college, a concert): to

To graduate (from school, college): to leave (school, college) with a di ploma

To run a campaign, a company:to direct, manage.

To run for (Senator, President): to present oneself for election.

Landmark (speech):historic.

Now listen to the biographies and correct any mistakes you made in the exercises in Activity 1. C heck your answers.

Notes relating

to N.Mandela:Notes relating to N.Mandela:

Notes relating

to B.Obama:Notes relating to B.Obama:

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Comment améliorer l"oral

1. Entraînement à la compréhension

2. Entraînement à la production orale

Comment améliorer l"oral

Si vous avez plus de difficultés à loral quà lécrit (ce qui est généralement le cas quand onSi vous avez plus de difficultés à loral quà lécrit (ce qui est généralement le cas quand on

apprend une langue), il faut profiter des occasions qui se présentent pour sentraîner.apprend une langue), il faut profiter des occasions qui se présentent pour sentraîner.

Cela veut dire bien sûr, faire toutes les activités découte et de production orale propo-Cela veut dire bien sûr, faire toutes les activités découte et de production orale propo-

sées, mais vous pouvez aussi utiliser les supports audio associés aux scripts proposéssées, mais vous pouvez aussi utiliser les supports audio associés aux scripts proposés

dans le corrigé pour affiner votre écoute et votre prononciation.dans le corrigé pour affiner votre écoute et votre prononciation.

Écoutez à nouveau lenregistrement 2 tout en vous guidant des scripts dans le corrigé etÉcoutez à nouveau lenregistrement 2 tout en vous guidant des scripts dans le corrigé et

réalisez les entraînements suivants :réalisez les entraînements suivants :

1. Entraînement à la compréhension

Écoutez lenregistrement sans regarder le scri

pt tant que vous le comprenez. Dès quunÉcoutez lenregistrement sans regarder le script tant que vous le comprenez. Dès quun

problème de compréhension se pose, regardez la transcription : il se peut que la lectureproblème de compréhension se pose, regardez la transcription : il se peut que la lecture

vous éclaire aussitôt, mais il se peut aussi que vous ayez besoin de consulter un dic-vous éclaire aussitôt, mais il se peut aussi que vous ayez besoin de consulter un dic-

tionnaire pour surmonter lobstacle, si cest le mot et non pas la prononciation qui voustionnaire pour surmonter lobstacle, si cest le mot et non pas la prononciation qui vous

pose problème.pose problème.

2. Entraînement à la production orale

Écoutez lenregistrement tout en regardant le script et essayez de reproduire ce queÉcoutez lenregistrement tout en regardant le script et essayez de reproduire ce que

vous entendez. Au début, procédez par segments de phrases, puis par phrases entières,vous entendez. Au début, procédez par segments de phrases, puis par phrases entières,

puis par paragraphes entiers pour essayer de reproduire le rythme. Si possible, enregis-puis par paragraphes entiers pour essayer de reproduire le rythme. Si possible, enregis-

trez-vous et comparez votre production avec loriginal.trez-vous et comparez votre production avec loriginal.© Cned Ð AcadŽmie en ligne

7Séquence 3 - AN11

Activity 3

Before going any further, let"s make sure you are familiar with the his- tor y of civil rights in the USA and South Africa. Read the following fact sheet and complete the blanks with the words at the leftcolumn.

Civil rights in the USA

Todays African Americans are descendants of the Negro slaves imported from............................and the Caribbean from the 15 th century to the mid- 19 th century. They were made to work in the cotton and tobacco plan- tations in the South. The slaves belonged to their masters and had no ............................. Although the Declaration of Independence, signed on 4 Jul y 1776, states: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created e qual, it wasnt until after the Civil War (1861-1865) that the sla- ves were freed. However, they remained victims of ............................, as their rig hts as citizens of the United States were not............................. They were ............................ the right to vote, and many secret societies such as the Ku Kl ux Klan were created to............................ them. The persecution against Blac ks was particularly strong in the South where............................ was widely practised: Blacks and Whites lived in different quarters, travelled in different parts of pu blic ............................and went to different schools, shops and restaurants.

The Supreme Court put an end to segregation in

............................ in 1954 and to segregation on public transport in 1956. In 1964, the Civil Rights Act prohibited discrimination in public ............................and established an Equa l Employment Opportunity Commission to ............................ discrimi- nation in employment. A year later the African Americans right to vote was reinforced, but the resistance of some Whites caused serious riots

émeute

s), and led to the creation of Negro Associations such as the

Black Muslims (

pro-violence), the Civil Rights Association (non-violent led by Martin Luther King) and the Black Panthers (paramilitary). It wasnt until 1988 that Jesse Jackson became the first potential Blac k ............................ for the American presidency.

?Read the following entries from the Timeline of the Building of South Africa, then do the activity below.

Dutch settlers arrive in South Africa

Dutch seize land from Bantu and Khoi tribes.

Dutc h import slaves form West Africa, Malaysia and India. Be ginning of diamond mining: black Africans do the most dangerous work. The Population Registration Act: classification of people into three racial grou ps: white, coloured (mixed race or Asian) and native (black). Marria- ges between races are prohibited.

AfricaAfrica

candidatecandidate discriminationdiscrimination persecutepersecute placesplaces preventprevent respectedrespected rightsrights schoolsschools segregationsegregation transporttransport denieddenied 1651
1700s
1756
1867

19501651

1700s
1756
1867

1950© Cned Ð AcadŽmie en ligne

8Séquence 3 - AN11

The Bantu Homelands Act: the white government declares that the lands reserved for black Africans are independent nations (homelands). The homelands are too small to su pport the many people in them. The Blacks are considered foreigners in South Africa and must carry identification doc uments all the time.

The Preservation of Se

parate Amenities Act officialises apartheid esta- blishing "separate but not necessarily equal" parks, beaches, post offi- ces, and other public places for whites and non-whites. The black Africans rebel: the government outlaws the African politi- cal organizations. The African National Congress and the Pan-African

Congress.

Nelson Mandela, head of the African National Congress, is jailed. Resistance to apartheid increases. Organizing by churches and workers increases. Whites join blacks in the demonstrations. People and governments around the world launch an international cam- paign to boycott South Africa. A multiracial, multiparty transitional government is approve d. Nelson Mandela, the African resistance leader who had been jailed for 27
years, is elected President. Complete the following sentences in an appropriate way. a. Whereas Blacks in America were exploited on plantations, the Africans were m ade to work in ............................ .............................

b. In both countries, Blacks were ........................................................ for more than

a cen tury. c........................................... in South Africa is equivalent to segregation in the

United States.

d. Segregation and apartheid are forms of .............. ........................................... e. Today in theory, in both the USA and South Africa, all citizens are equal: in practise, Blacks are often........................................................against in many areas such as housing, employment and healthcare 1951
1953
1960
1963
1970s
1980s
1993

19941951

1953
1960
1963
1970s
1980s
1993
1994
Bien souvent, l"ajout du suffixe approprié permet de transformer un verbe en adjectif ou nom :

Verbe Adjectif (sens actif/sens passif) Nom

Essayer de deviner comment chaque série se prononce avant d"écouter.

Quelle règle remarquez-vous ?

Vocabulary tip

Écouter l"enregis-

trement de ce tableau de déri- vation pour bien apprécier le glissement de l"accent de mot : exploit; ex"ploitable ; ex"ploited ; exploi"tation.

Enr.16

CD 1CD 1

Enr.16© Cned Ð AcadŽmie en ligne

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