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Thirtieth Special Session

General Assembly

New York, 19-21 April 2016

OUR JOINT COMMITMENT TO EFFECTIVELY ADDRESSING

AND COUNTERING THE WORLD DRUG PROBLEM

2016SPECIAL SESSION OF THE UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY

ON THE WORLD DRUG PROBLEM

UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME

Vienna

UNITED NATIONS

New York, 2016

© United Nations, June 2016. All rights reserved, worldwide. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boun daries. Publishing production: English, Publishing and Library Section, United N ations Ofce at Vienna. 1 We, Heads of State and Go vernment, ministers and representatives of Member States, are assembled at United Nations Headquarters from 19 to 21April 2016 for the thirtieth special session of the General Assembly, convened in accordance with Assembly resolution 67/193 of 20December 2012, to review the progress in the imple mentation of the Political Declaration and Plan of Action on International Cooperation towards an Integrated and Balanced Strategy to Counter the World Drug Problem, 2 including an assessment of the achievements and challenges in countering the world drug problem, within the framework of the three international drug control conven tions and other relevant United Nations instruments; W e reafrm our commitment to the goals and objectives of the three international drug control conventions, including concern about the health and welfare of human kind as well as the individual and public health-related, social and safety problems resulting from the abuse of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, in particular among children and young people, and drug-related crime, and we reaf rm our deter- mination to prevent and treat the abuse of such substances and prevent and counter their illicit cultivation, production, manufacturing and trafcking; W e recognize that, while tangible progress has been achieved in some elds, the world drug problem continues to present challenges to the health, safety and well- being of all humanity, and we resolve to reinforce our national and international efforts and further increase international cooperation to face those challenges; W e reafrm our determination to tackle the world drug problem and to actively promote a society free of drug abuse in order to help to ensure that all people can live in health, dignity and peace, with security and prosperity, and reafrm our determina tion to address public health, safety and social problems resulting from drug abuse; 1 General Assembly resolution S-30-1, anne x. Adopted on 19 April 2016. 2 See Ofcial Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2009, Supplem ent No.8 (E/2009/28), chap.I, sect.C. 2 We note with concern that the availability of internationally controlled drugs for medical and scientic purposes, including for the relief of pain and suffering, remains low to non-existent in many countries of the world, and we highlight the need to enhance national efforts and international cooperation at all levels to address that situation by promoting measures to ensure their availability and accessibility for medi cal and scientic purposes, within the framework of national legal systems, while simultaneously preventing their diversion, abuse and trafcking, in order to full the aims and objectives of the three international drug control conventions; W e recognize that the world drug problem remains a common and shared respon sibility that should be addressed in a multilateral setting through effective and increased international cooperation and demands an integrated, multidisciplinary, mutually rein forcing, balanced, scientic evidence-based and comprehensive approach; W e reafrm our unwavering commitment to ensuring that all aspects of demand reduction and related measures, supply reduction and related measures, a nd inter national cooperation are addressed in full conformity with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, international la w and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 3 with full respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of States, the principle of non-intervention in the internal affairs of States, all human rights, fundamental freedoms, the inherent dignity of all individuals and the principles of equal rights and mutual respect among States; W e underscore that the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 as amended by the 1972 Protocol, 4 the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971, 5 the United Nations Convention against Illicit Trafc in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic

Substances of 1988

6 and other relevant international instruments constitute the corner- stone of the international drug control system; W e reafrm our commitment to implementing effectively the provisions set out in the Political Declaration and Plan of Action, mindful of the targets and goals set therein, as well as to addressing the general challenges and priorities for action identi ed in the Joint Ministerial Statement adopted at the high-level review in March 2014; 7 3

Resolution 217A(III).

4

United Nations, , vol.976, No.14152.

5

Ibid., vol. 1019, No.14956.

6

Ibid., vol. 1582, No.27627.

7 Joint Ministerial Statement of the 2014 high-level review by the Commission on Narcotic Drugs of the implementation by Member States of the Political Declaration and Pla n of Action on International Cooperation towards an Integrated and Balanced Strategy to Counter the World Drug Problem (see , 2014, Supplement No.8 (E/2014/28), chap.I, sect.C). 3 We welcome the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, 8 and we note that efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and to effectively address the world drug problem are complementary and mutually reinforcing; W e recognize, as part of a comprehensive, integrated and balanced approach to addressing and countering the world drug problem, that appropriate emphasis should be placed on individuals, families, communities and society as a whole, with a view to promoting and protecting the health, safety and well-being of all humani ty; W e recognize the importance of appropriately mainstreaming gender and age perspectives in drug-related policies and programmes; W e recognize that there are persistent, new and evolving challenges that should be addressed in conformity with the three international drug control conventions, which allow for sufcient exibility for States parties to design and implement national drug policies according to their priorities and needs, consistent with the pr inciple of com mon and shared responsibility and applicable international law; W e reafrm the need to mobilize adequate resources to address and coun ter the world drug problem and call for enhancing assistance to developing countries, upon request, in effectively implementing the Political Declaration and Plan of Action and the operational recommendations contained in the present document; W e recognize that transit States continue to face multifaceted challenges, and reafrm the continuing need for cooperation and support, including th e provision of technical assistance to, inter alia, enhance their capacities to effectively address and counter the world drug problem, in conformity with the 1988 Convention; W e reafrm the principal role of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs as t he policy making body of the United Nations with prime responsibility for drug con trol matters, and our support and appreciation for the efforts of the United Nations, in particular those of the United Nations Ofce on Drugs and Crime as the leading e ntity in the United Nations system for addressing and countering the world drug problem, and further reafrm the treaty-mandated roles of the International Narcot ics Control Board and the World Health Organization; W e recognize that successfully addressing and countering the world drug problem requires close cooperation and coordination among domestic authorities a t all levels, particularly in the health, education, justice and law enforcement sectors, taking into account their respective areas of competence under national legislation; W e welcome continued efforts to en hance coherence within the United Nations system at all levels; 8

Resolution 70/1.

4 We recognize that ci vil society, as well as the scientic community and academia, plays an important role in addressing and countering the world drug problem, and note that affected populations and representatives of civil society entities, where appropri ate, should be enabled to play a participatory role in the formulation, implementation, and the providing of relevant scientic evidence in support of, as appropriate, the evaluation of drug control policies and programmes, and we recognize the i mportance of cooperation with the private sector in this regard; W e express deep concern at the high price paid by society and by individuals and their families as a result of the world drug problem, and pay special tribute to those who have sacriced their lives, in particular law enforcement and judicial personnel, and to the health-care and civil society personnel and volunteers who dedicate them selves to countering and addressing this phenomenon; W e reafrm the need to strengthen cooperation between the United Natio ns Ofce on Drugs and Crime and other United Nations entities, within their respe ctive man dates, in their efforts to support Member States in the implementation of international drug control treaties in accordance with applicable human rights obligations and to promote protection of and respect for human rights and the dignity of al l individuals in the context of drug programmes, strategies and policies; W e reafrm the need to address the key causes and consequences of the world drug problem, including those in the health, social, human rights, econo mic, justice, public security and law enforcement elds, in line with the principle of common and shared responsibility, and recognize the value of comprehensive and balanced policy interventions, including those in the eld of promotion of sustainable and viable livelihoods; W e reafrm that targeted interventions that are based on the collection and analy sis of data, including age- and gender-related data, can be particularly effective in meeting the specic needs of drug-affected populations and communities; W e reiterate our commitment to ending, by 2030, the epidemics of AIDS and tuberculosis, as well as to combating viral hepatitis and other communic able diseases, inter alia, among people who use drugs, including people who inject drug s.

1. We reiterate our commitment to promoting the health, welf are and well-being of all

individuals, families, communities and society as a whole, and facilitating healthy life styles through effective, comprehensive, scientic evidence-based demand reduction 5 initiatives at all levels, covering, in accordance with national legislation and the three international drug control conventions, prevention, early intervention, treatment, care, recovery, rehabilitation and social reintegration measures, as well as initiatives and measures aimed at minimizing the adverse public health and social consequences of drug abuse, and we recommend the following measures: a) Tak e effective and practical primary prevention measures that protect peo- ple, in particular children and youth, from drug use initiation by providing them with accurate information about the risks of drug abuse, by promoting skills and opportuni ties to choose healthy lifestyles and develop supportive parenting and healthy social environments and by ensuring equal access to education and vocational training; (b) Also take ef fective and practical measures to prevent progression to severe drug use disorders through appropriately targeted early interventions for people at risk of such progression; c) Increase the availability, coverage and quality of scientic evidence-based prevention measures and tools that target relevant age and risk groups in multiple settings, reaching youth in school as well as out of school, among other s, through drug abuse prevention programmes and public awareness-raising campaigns, including by using the Internet, social media and other online platforms, develop and implement prevention curricula and early intervention programmes for use in the education system at all levels, as well as in vocational training, including in the workplace, and enhance the capacity of teachers and other relevant professionals to provide or recom mend counselling, prevention and care services; d) Promote the well-being of society as a whole through the elaboration of ef fective scientic evidence-based prevention strategies centred on and tailored to the needs of individuals, families and communities as part of comprehensive and balanced national drug policies, on a non-discriminatory basis; e) Inv olve, as appropriate, policymakers, parliamentarians, educators, civil society, the scientic community, academia, target populations, individuals in recov ery from substance use disorders and their peer groups, families and other codependent people, as well as the private sector, in the development of prevention programmes aimed at raising public awareness of the dangers and risks associated with drug abuse, and involve, inter alia, parents, care services providers, teachers, peer groups, health professionals, religious communities, community leaders, social workers, sports associations, media professionals and entertainment industries, as appro priate, in their implementation; f) Consider enhancing cooperation between public health, education and law enforcement authorities when developing prevention initiatives; 6 () Dev elop and improve recreational facilities and provide access for children and youth to regular sports and cultural activities, with a view to promoting healthy lives and lifestyles, including through the recovery and improvement of public spaces, and promote the exchange of experiences and good practices in this eld to further enhance effective preventive interventions; ) Promote and improve the systematic collection of information and gather- ing of evidence as well as the sharing, at the national and international levels, of reliable and comparable data on drug use and epidemiology, including on social, economic and other risk factors, and promote, as appropriate, through the Commission on Narcotic Drugs and the World Health Assembly, the use of internationally recog nized standards, such as the International Standards on Drug Use Prevention, and the exchange of best practices, to formulate effective drug use prevention strategies and programmes in cooperation with the United Nations Ofce on Drugs and

Crime, the

World Health Organization and other relevant United Nations entities; Treatment of drug use disorders, rehabilitation, recovery and social reintegration; prevention, treatment and care of HIV/AIDS, viral hepatitis and other blood-borne infectious diseases ) Recognize drug dependence as a complex, multifactorial health disorder characterized by a chronic and relapsing nature with social causes and c onsequences that can be prevented and treated through, inter alia, effective scientic evidence-based drug treatment, care and rehabilitation programmes, including community- based programmes, and strengthen capacity for aftercare for and the rehabilita tion, recovery and social reintegration of individuals with substance use disorders, including, as appropriate, through assistance for effective reintegration into the labour market and other support services; ) Encourage the voluntary participation of individuals with drug use disorders in treatment programmes, with informed consent, where consistent with na tional legisla tion, and develop and implement outreach programmes and campaigns, involving drug users in long-term recovery, where appropriate, to prevent social marginalization and promote non-stigmatizing attitudes, as well as to encourage drug users t o seek treatment and care, and take measures to facilitate access to treatment and expand capacity; ) Promote and strengthen regional and international cooperation in develop- ing and implementing treatment-related initiatives, enhance technical assistance and capacity-building and ensure non-discriminatory access to a broad range of interven tions, including psychosocial, behavioural and medication-assisted treatment, as appropriate and in accordance with national legislation, as well as to rehabilitation, social reintegration and recovery-support programmes, including access to such services in prisons and after imprisonment, giving special attention to the specic needs of women, children and youth in this regard; 7 () Dev elop and strengthen, as appropriate, the capacity of health, social and law enforcement and other criminal justice authorities to cooperate, withi n their mandates, in the implementation of comprehensive, integrated and balanced responses to drug abuse and drug use disorders, at all levels of government; ) Promote the inclusion in national drug policies, in accordance with nati onal le gislation and as appropriate, of elements for the prevention and treatment of drug overdose, in particular opioid overdose, including the use of opioid receptor antago nists such as naloxone to reduce drug-related mortality; ) Promote cooperation with and technical assistance to the States most af fected by the transit of drugs in developing and implementing comprehensive and integrated policies to address, where appropriate, the impact of illicit drug trafcking on increasing drug use in such States, including by reinforcing national programmes aimed at prevention, early intervention, treatment, care, rehabilitation and social reintegration; ) Invite relevant national authorities to consider, in accordance with their national legislation and the three international drug control conventions, including in national prevention, treatment, care, recovery, rehabilitation and social reintegration measures and programmes, in the context of comprehensive and balanced drug demand reduction efforts, effective measures aimed at minimizing the adverse public health and social consequences of drug abuse, including appropriate medication-assisted therapy programmes, injecting equipment programmes, as well as antiretroviral ther- apy and other relevant interventions that prevent the transmission of HIV, viral hepati tis and other blood-borne diseases associated with drug use, as well as consider ensuring access to such interventions, including in treatment and outreach services, prisons and other custodial settings, and promoting in that regard the use, as appropri ate, of the technical guide for countries to set targets for universal access to HIV pre- vention, treatment and care for injecting drug users, issued by the World Health Organization, the United Nations Ofce on Drugs and Crime and the Joint

United

Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS;

) Promote and implement the standards on the treatment of drug use disor- ders de veloped by the United Nations Ofce on Drugs and Crime and the World Health Organization and other relevant international standards, as appropriate and in accord ance with national legislation and the international drug control conventions, and provide guidance, assistance and training to health professionals on their appropriate use, and consider developing standards and accreditation for services at the domestic level to ensure qualied and scientic evidence-based responses; ) Intensify, as appropriate, the meaningful participation of and support and training for civil society organizations and entities involved in drug-related health and social treatment services, in accordance with national legislation and in the frame work of integrated and coordinated national drug policies, and encourage efforts by 8 civil society and the private sector to develop support networks for prevention and treatment, care, recovery, rehabilitation and social reintegration in a balanced and inclusive manner; ) Encourage the United Nations Ofce on Drugs and Crime and the International Narcotics Control Board to strengthen cooperation with the

World Health

Organization and other competent United Nations entities, within their resp ective mandates, as part of a comprehensive, integrated and balanced approach to strengthen ing health and social welfare measures in addressing the world drug problem, includ ing through effective prevention, early intervention, treatment, care, recovery, rehabilitation and social reintegration, in cooperation, as appropriate, with civil society and the scientic community, and to keep the Commission on Narcotic Drugs appro priately updated. Operational recommendations on ensuring the availability of and access to controlled substances exclusively for medical and scienti?c purposes, while preventing their diversion

2. We reiterate our strong commitment to impro ving access to controlled substances

for medical and scientic purposes by appropriately addressing existing barriers in this regard, including those related to legislation, regulatory systems, health-care systems, affordability, the training of health-care professionals, education, awareness-raising, estimates, assessment and reporting, benchmarks for consumption of subst ances under control, and international cooperation and coordination, while concurren tly preventing their diversion, abuse and trafcking, and we recommend the following measures: ) Consider reviewing, within the framework of national legal systems, domestic legislation and regulatory and administrative mechanisms, as well as proce dures including domestic distribution channels, with the aim of simplifying and streamlining those processes and removing unduly restrictive regulations and impedi ments, where they exist, to ensure access to controlled substances for medical and scientic purposes, including for the relief of pain and suffering, as required by the three international drug control conventions and dened by national legislation, while preventing their diversion, abuse and trafcking, and encourage the exchange of infor- mation, lessons learned and best practices in designing and implementing regulatory, nancial, educational, administrative and other related measures; ) Strengthen, as appropriate, the proper functioning of national control systems and domestic assessment mechanisms and programmes, in cooperatio n with the International Narcotics Control Board, the United Nations Ofce o n Drugs and Crime, the World Health Organization and other relevant United Nations system agen cies, to identify, analyse and remove impediments to the availability and accessibility of controlled substances for medical and scientic purposes, within a ppropriate 9 control mechanisms, as required by the three international drug control conventions and taking into account the publication entitled “Ensuring Balance in

National Policies

on Controlled Substances: Guidance for Availability and Accessibility of Controlled Medicines" and, for that purpose, consider the provision of technical and nancial assistance, upon request, to developing countries; ) Expedite, in accordance with national legislation, the process of issuing import and export authorizations for controlled substances for medical and scienti c purposes by using the above-mentioned guidance and the International Import and Export Authorization System of the International Narcotics Control Board; ) Address, at the national and international levels, issues related to the afford- ability of controlled substances for medical and scientic purposes, while ensuring their quality, safety and efcacy, including limited nancial resources and problems in sourcing with regard to these substances, including in cooperation, as appropriate, with the private sector through, inter alia and where needed, expanding the national coverage of distribution networks to rural areas, addressing the link with government regulations, licences and taxation and allowing appropriately trained and qualied professionals to prescribe, dispense and administer controlled medicines based on their general professional licence, as well as, where appropriate, the manufacture of generic pharmaceutical preparations that are bioequivalent and cost-effective; ) Tak e measures, in accordance with national legislation, to provide capacity- building and training, including with the support of relevant United Nations entities such as the World Health Organization and the United Nations Ofce on Drugs and Crime, targeted at competent national authorities and health-care professionals, includ ing pharmacists, on adequate access to and use of controlled substances for medical and scientic purposes, including the relief of pain and suffering, consider the development and wider implementation of relevant clinical guidelines on the rational use of controlled medicines, and conduct appropriate awareness-raising campaigns under the coordination of relevant national health authorities and in cooperation with other relevant stakeholders; ) Dev elop national supply management systems for controlled substances that comprise selection, quantication, procurement, storage, distrib ution and use, strengthen the capacity of competent national authorities to adequately estimate and assess the need for controlled substances and paying special attention to essential medicines, as dened by national legislation, taking due note of the 9 and enhance domestic data-collection mechanisms in order to present the Internationa l Narcotics Control Board with estimates on the consumption of drugs used for medica l and scien tic purposes; 9quotesdbs_dbs50.pdfusesText_50

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