[PDF] Workplace Stress 15 Feb 2016 28 APRIL

View - Download Workplace Stress

Previous PDF

Next PDF

A COLLECTIVE CHALLENGE

WORLD DAY FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK

28 APRIL 2016

WORKPLACE

STRESS LABOUR ADMINISTRATION, LABOUR INSPECTION AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH BRANCH ?LABADMIN/OSH? ? Tel: +41 22 799 67 15 ? Fax: +41 22 799 68 78 ? Email: safeday@ilo.org www.ilo.org/safedayISBN: 978-92-2-130641-2C M Y CM MY CY CMY KSAFEDAY2016-Report_COVERS_EN-FR-ES_PRINT.pdf 1 10/03/2016 14:41:12

WORKPLACE STRESS:

A collective challenge

WORLD DAY FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK

28 APRIL 2016

Copyright © International Labour Organization 2016

First published 2016

Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention.

Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source

is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to ILO Publications

(Rights and

Licensing), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: rights@ilo.org. The I

nternational

Labour Office welcomes such applications.

Libraries, institutions and other users registered with a reproduction rights organization may make copies in accordance

with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your

country.

Workplace stress: A collective challenge

ISBN:

978-92-2-130641-2 (print)

978-92-2-130642-9 (web pdf)

Also available in French: Stress au travail: un défi collectif, 978-92-2-230641-1 (print), 978-9

2-2-230642-8 (web pdf),

Geneva, 2016; and in Spanish: Estrés en el trabajo: un reto colectivo, 978-92-2-330641-0 (print), 978-92-2-330642-7

(web pdf), Geneva, 2016.

ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data

The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the

presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International

Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the

delimitation of its frontiers.

The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors,

and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions expressed in

them.

Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the

International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of

disapproval.

ILO publications and digital products can be obtained through major booksellers and digital distribution platforms, or

ordered directly from ilo@turpin-distribution.com. For more information, visit our website: www.ilo.org/publns or contact

ilopubs@ilo.org. Printed by the International Training Centre of the ILO, Turin - Italy 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1.

WHAT IS WORK?RELATED STRESS? ........................................................................

THE CAUSES

2

THE PROTECTION OF MENTAL HEALTH AT WORK

4 2.

WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF STRESS IN THE WORKING POPULATION? .................................................................5

THE MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM

5

IMPACT ON WORKERS HEALTH, SAFETY AND WELLBEING

6

PREVALENCE

7

THE GENDER DIMENSION

9 IMPACT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMIC COSTS OF WORK-RELATED STRESS

AND ASSOCIATED MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS

9 3. WHAT IS THE EXISTING LEGAL FRAMEWORK ON WORK?RELATED STRESS

AND MENTAL HEALTH AT WORK?

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS

11

REGIONAL STANDARDS

11

NATIONAL LEGISLATION

12 INCLUSION OF WORK-RELATED STRESS AND MENTAL DISORDERS IN NATIONAL LISTS OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 14 NON-BINDING TECHNICAL STANDARDS ON PSYCHOSOCIAL RISKS PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT 14

SOCIAL PARTNERS" AGREEMENTS

15

LABOUR INSPECTION

15 4. STRATEGIES FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF PSYCHOSOCIAL HAZARDS AND RISKS ..........17

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

17

REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS

18

NATIONAL STRATEGIES AND INITIATIVES

19

SOCIAL PARTNERS" ENGAGEMENT

23
PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS" AND NETWORKS" CONTRIBUTION 25
5.

GLOBAL TRENDS AND FORESIGHT OF FUTURE SCENARIOS ........................................................................

....26

EXPERT OPINION SURVEY

26

FORESIGHT OF FUTURE SCENARIOS

28

FINDINGS AND GLOBAL TRENDS

29
6. WHY IS IT NECESSARY TO HAVE A COLLECTIVE APPROACH TO PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING THE CAUSES OF WORK?RELATED STRESS?

CONCLUDING REMARKS

REFERENCES

ANNEX 1. ASSESSMENT AND INTERVENTION TOOLS

.....................36 ANNEX 2. GLOBAL TRENDS AND FORESIGHT OF FUTURE SCENARIOS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

WORKPLACE STRESS: A COLLECTIVE CHALLENGE2

INTRODUCTION

This report aims at presenting trends on work-related stress in both developed and developing countries with a view to raising awareness of the magnitude of the problem in the new context of the world of work. To this end it provides an interregional overview of the prevalence and impact of work-related stress, and examines legislation, policies and interventions for its management at international, regional, national and workplace levels. Through a Delphi survey it further identifies and assesses future scenarios and contributing factors in this field. The results of this study will also be used in supporting ILO constituents to take action in this field at national and enterprise levels. Focusing on the study of stress in the world of work has increased since the 1990s, particularly on the impact of work- related stress on workers" health and its management. There has been growing attention on the effects of psychosocial hazards and risks and work-related stress among researchers and policymakers. Occupational safety and health (OSH) practice has expanded beyond its traditional scope to incorporate behavioural medicine, occupational health psychology and social wellbeing, thereby acknowledging people"s need to conduct a socially and economically productive life. Today workers all over the world are facing significant changes in work organization and labour relations; they are under greater pressure to meet the demands of modern working life. With the pace of work dictated by instant communications and high levels of global competition, the lines separating work from life are becoming more and more difficult to identify. Psychosocial hazards such as increased competition, higher expectations as regards performance and longer working hours are all contributing to an ever more stressful working environment. In addition, owing to the current economic recession that is augmenting the pace of organizational change and restructuring, workers are increasingly experiencing precarious work, reduced work opportunities, fear of losing their jobs, massive layoffs, unemployment, and decreased financial stability, with serious consequences for their mental health and wellbeing. Work-related stress is now generally acknowledged as a global issue affecting all professions and all workers in both developed and developing countries. In this complex context, the workplace is at the same time an important source of psychosocial risks and the ideal venue for addressing them with a view to protecting the health and wellbeing of workers through collective measures. It is a universal principle that people have the right to the highest attainable standards of health. Without health at work a person cannot contribute to society and achieve wellbeing. If health at work is threatened, there is no basis for productive employment and socio-economic development. The burden of mental ill- health is highly relevant to the world of work. It has an important impact on people"s wellbeing, reducing employment prospects and wages, with a deleterious effect on families" income and enterprises" productivity, and causing high direct and indirect costs to the economy.

1. WHAT IS

WORK-RELATED

STRESS?

The term “stress" is used in numerous ways today, describing everything from feeling ill in the morning to anxiety leading to depression. Among certain scientific groups, it has both negative and positive connotations. Within the context of this report, stress will only be considered as having a negative impact and will be dealt with in the framework of the workplace. Stress is not a health impairment, but is the first sign of a harmful physical and emotional response. The definition of stress and the terminology to refer to psychosocial hazards and risks has changed over the years. The term “stress" was first used by Hans Selye in 1936 to define stress in biological terms as “a non-specific response of the body to any demand of change". 1 His research led to the study of stress in brain functions. He also defined “stressors" as events that trigger a physiological and psychological response from the organism, in order to distinguish stimulus from response. 2

In this context a stressor can

be a biological agent, an environmental condition, an external stimulus, or an event. Stress can define a negative condition or a positive condition that responds to a stressor and that can have an impact on a person"s mental or physical health and wellbeing. I Today health is acknowledged as a combination of biological, psychological (thoughts, emotions, and behaviour), and social (socio-economical, socio-environmental, and cultural) factors. 3 For the ILO stress is the harmful physical and emotional response caused by an imbalance between the perceived demands and the perceived resources and abilities of individuals to cope with those demands. Work-related stress is determined by work organization, work design and labour relations and occurs when the demands of the job do not match or exceed the capabilities, resources, or needs of the worker, or when the knowledge or abilities of an individual worker or group to cope are not matched with the expectations of the organizational culture of an enterprise. 4

THE CAUSES

The workplace factors that can cause stress are called psychosocial hazards. The ILO defined psychosocial factors (hazards) in 1984, in terms of “interactions between and among work environment, job content, organizational conditions and workers" capacities, needs, culture, personal extra-job considerations that may, through perceptions and experience, influence health, work performance and job satisfaction". This definition emphasised the dynamic interaction between the work environment and human factors. A negative interaction between occupational conditions and human factors may lead to emotional disturbances, behavioural problems, biochemical and neuro-hormonal changes, presenting added risks of mental or physical illness. On the contrary, when working conditions and human factors are in balance, work creates a feeling of mastery and self-confidence; increases motivation, working capacity and satisfaction; and improves health. 5 I Levi (1971, 1976) was the first to distinguish between positive and ne gative stress and to link it to the working environment. Selye defined “positive stress" asquotesdbs_dbs33.pdfusesText_39

[PDF] Niveau de recrutement : Bac. Année de sortie : Bac + 3. Durée de la formation : 6 semestres

[PDF] Bilan de fin de mandat Coordonnateur Café Chez Henri. Faculté de musique Université Laval

[PDF] EN «FOCUS» DEMANDES D APPLICATION POUR RECYCLEURS EN AVAL BUREAU DE LA QUALIFICATION DES RECYCLEURS

[PDF] 2014-2015 UNITES D ENSEIGNEMENT PARCOURS VERS LES METIERS DE L EDUCATION

[PDF] GUIDE DE LECTURE VAE BEES1 CHAR A VOILE

[PDF] ZAC de la Presqu île à Grenoble MARCHÉ DE TRAVAUX RÈGLEMENT DE CONSULTATION (R.C) Opération : Aménagement secteur Martyrs Parallèle Tram B

[PDF] Loi de 2004 sur la publicité gouvernementale L.O. 2004, Chapitre 20

[PDF] CONCOURS EXTERNE ET SECOND CONCOURS INTERNE DE RECRUTEMENT DE PROFESSEURS DES ECOLES

[PDF] CTE - 046M C.P. Transport rémunéré de personnes par automobile

[PDF] We Simplify Internet Connaissances Globales, Résultats locaux.

[PDF] SEMINAIRE DU 12 JANVIER 2014. INTERREG V-A France Italie INTERREG V-A Italia-Francia (ALCOTRA)

[PDF] Enseignants de l UNSA. Mode d emploi......ou comment y voir plus clair grâce au SE-UNSA!

[PDF] Le Développement Professionnel Continu DPC. Formation 1

[PDF] DOSSIER DE PRESSE. Première pierre du programme Le Castellane au cœur de la ZAC Castellane à Sathonay-Camp

[PDF] MARCHES PUBLICS DE FOURNITURES COURANTES ET DE SERVICES CAHIER DES CLAUSES PARTICULIERES