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A new methodology to estimate protein feed value using the

A new methodology to estimate protein feed value using the milk protein biological response Florence Dufreneix1,2, Philippe Faverdin1, François Gautier2, Jean- Louis Peyraud1

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A new methodology

to estimate protein feed value using the milk protein biological response Florence Dufreneix1,2, Philippe Faverdin1, François Gautier2, Jean-

Louis Peyraud1

69thEAAP Annual meeting ʹ2018

1PEGASE, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, 35590 Saint-Gilles, France

2Agrial, 4 rue des Roquemonts, 14000 Caen, France

2

Introduction

Protection

of protein

Reduces the use of vegetable protein

Reduces nitrogen excretion

in the environment

Reduces costs for producers

2

Introduction

Protection

of protein

Reduces the use of vegetable protein

Reduces nitrogen excretion

in the environment

Reduces costs for producers

Development of protection processes

Heat treatment

Tanning

Need to estimate the protein value

of treated feeds Methods used to estimate protein value of protected feeds

In vivo: measurement of nitrogen duodenal flow

Fistulated cows

Low accuracy, expensive and time-consuming

In vitro: test of degradability with ruminal extracted or commercial enzymes

Large number of samples tested

Bias links to selection of enzymes

In sacco: test of degradability of feeds by incubation in rumen

Most commonly used

Particulate losses and microbial colonization in bags 3

Introduction

Methods used to estimate protein value of protected feeds

In vivo: measurement of nitrogen duodenal flow

Fistulated cows

Low accuracy, expensive and time-consuming

In vitro: test of degradability with ruminal extracted or commercial enzymes

Large number of samples tested

Bias links to selection of enzymes

In sacco: test of degradability of feeds by incubation in rumen

Most commonly used

Particulate losses and microbial colonization in bags Development of new techniques to protect protein from ruminal fermentations (essential oils, vegetable tannins)

Have systemic effects in the rumen

Can not be estimated with classical methods

3

Introduction

Need for a new and more systemic method

to estimate feeds protein value Hypothesis: biological response can be used as new method

Overall response of animal to protein intake

Comparison of different technics of protein protection 4

Introduction

4

Introduction

Can milk protein yield response can be used as a new method to estimate feeds protein value? Protein value of an unknown feed can be determined from its milk protein yield response Use of two known dietary controls (positive and negative)

Need for a new and more systemic method

to estimate feeds protein value Hypothesis: biological response can be used as new method

Overall response of animal to protein intake

Comparison of different technics of protein protection 5

Principle of the method

(Sauvant et al. 2015) 5

Principle of the method

(Sauvant et al. 2015) 6

Principle of the method

MP = metabolisable proteins; MPY = milk protein yield

Control +Control -

6

Principle of the method

MP = metabolisable proteins; MPY = milk protein yield

Control +Control -

6

Principle of the method

Control +Control -

Control +Control -

MP eff = MPY / MP intake

MP = metabolisable proteins; MPY = milk protein yield 6

Principle of the method

Control +Control -

MP = metabolisable proteins; MPY = milk protein yield

Control +Control -

MP eff = MPY / MP intake

Assumption of linearity

7

Principle of the method

MP = metabolisable proteins; MPY = milk protein yield

Control +Control -

MP eff = MPY / MP intake

Assumption of linearity

Control +Control -

7

Principle of the method

MP = metabolisable proteins; MPY = milk protein yield

MP eff = MPY / MP intake

Assumption of linearity

Control +Control -

Control +Control -

8 Diets

Dietary treatmentsSoya bean

meal (kg)

Energetic

concentrate (kg)Urea (kg)MP (g PDIE/kg DM)

Control-03.40.2797

MediumLow1.22.30.17151

Mediumhigh2.21.00.09204

Control+3.300252

Same basal ration: 78% maize silage, 9.5% dehydrated lucerne,

7.5% soya bean meal, 5% energetic concentrate + mineral

4 dietary treatments : 2 known controls + 2 medium treatments

Avoid variations in MPY responses:

Energy: limited quantities

Microbial synthesis: same and not limiting degradable N supplies (urea) 9

Experimental design

24 cows in 6 blocks of 4 homogenous cows

Repartition based on production level and parity

4 dietary treatments: Latin square design in each block

4 periods of 3 weeks

Measurements: milk production + composition

MPY response: 67 g/d

MP efficiency: slightly curved10

MPY and MP efficiency response

Estimate protein value of the 2 medium treatments

from their MPY response

Comparison to theoretical values (INRA 2007)10

MPY and MP efficiency response

Control +Control -

11

Estimation of protein value

Positive bias in the estimation

Dietary

treatments

Theoretical value

(g PDIE/kg DM)

Estimatedvalue

(g PDIE/kg DM)

Difference

MediumLow151165+14

MediumHigh204221+17

11

Estimation of protein value

Positive bias in the estimation

Influence of Control + ?

In the upper part of MPY response = slow MPY response to protein supplies

Dietary

treatments

Theoretical value

(g PDIE/kg DM)

Estimatedvalue

(g PDIE/kg DM)

Difference

MediumLow151165+14

MediumHigh204221+17

Control +Control -

12

Influence of control +

Reduce the value of control +

More important response in MPY

Control +Control -

12

Influence of control +

Dietary

treatments

Theoretical value

(g PDIE/kg DM)

Estimatedvalue

(g PDIE/kg DM)

Difference

Medium Low151158+7

Under a number of 12 cows

Higher variability of estimates

Increase risk of bias13

Influence of the number of cows

Uncertainty analysis on the Medium Low dietary treatment 14

Conclusion

MPY response seems to be a relevant approach

to estimate feeds protein value Easy method, applicable in facilities equipped with feeds dispensers with no experimental measurements

Estimation of all kind of protein protection

Based on physical link with feeds: heat treatment

Targeted microbial activity: essential oils, vegetable tannins

Special attention in diets formulation

Avoid variations in MPY response (energy and microbial synthesis) Avoid the range where MPY response is low (rich-protein supply)quotesdbs_dbs19.pdfusesText_25