Cosmology studies how the history of the universe led to the stars, galaxies, and other features we can observe today.
Cosmology is the study of the origin, development, structure, history, and future of the entire universe..
The image above illustrates how some astronomers think the Universe has developed since the Big Bang, 13.7 billion years ago.
The initial 'event', which created a huge burst of electromagnetic waves can still be detected as the 'Cosmic Background' microwave radiation, and is used to measure the age of the universe.
If more structures like the Giant Arc and Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall are proven to exist, astronomers will be forced to rewrite – or at least revise – the standard model of cosmology.
It isn't the first time that the model will have had to have been adapted.
Strangely enough, some cosmologists believe a previous, cold dark empty universe like the one which lies in our far future could have been the source of our very own Big Bang.
But before we get to that, let's take a look at how "material" – physical matter – first came about.
Modern physical cosmology is dominated by the Big Bang Theory which attempts to bring together observational astronomy and particle physics; more specifically, a standard parameterization of the Big Bang with dark matter and dark energy, known as the Lambda-CDM model.
