Genomic and molecular tools for red raspberry are valuable resources for breeding.
Here, a chromosome-length genome sequence assembly and related gene predictions for the red raspberry cultivar ‘Anitra’ are presented, comprising PacBio long read sequencing scaffolded using Hi-C sequence data.
In vitro and in vivo studies have revealed various mechanisms through which anthocyanins and ellagitannins (via ellagic acid or their urolithin metabolites) and red raspberry extracts (or the entire fruit) could reduce the risk of or reverse metabolically associated pathophysiologies. .
The main stem of the raspberry is called a cane.
Canes grow one year and fruit the next, but there are also primocane varieties which fruit in the first year.
The biennial growth cycle of raspberry stems begins when an axillary bud from below soil level develops and elongation of the internodes carries the growing point, protected by leaf scales, t.
Small (0.5-1.5 cm), white to pink flowers are initiated in the second year of planting.
The gynoecium consists of 60-80 ovaries, each of which develops into a drupelet.
There are 60-90 stamens.
Raspberries produce copious amount of nectar and attract bees.
The flowers of Rubus are structurally rather similar to those of strawberries, with five sepa.
The European red raspberry (R. idaeus subsp. vulgatus Arrhen.), the North American red raspberry ( R. idaeus subsp. strigosus Michx.), and the black raspberry ( R. occidentalis L.) are the most important commercially grown species.
Raspberries have a long history of human consumption and cultivation in what is now Europe.
Today, world raspberry production is focussed in Eastern Europe and Russia, with Russia being the leading producer.
Various species of raspberries may produce red, yellow, purple, or black fruit.
