Cytology notes pdf 1st year

Every cell having the capacity to divide passes through a regular cycle of changes known as cell cycle.
A cell starts its cycle in diploid condition.
Cell cycle consists of two stages:

1. A long un-dividing stage called interphase or I- phase and a short dividing stage called mitotic or M-phase (Fig

Mitosis or the equational cell division involves various stages like prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase followed by cytokinesis.
It is a vital process as it maintains the size, growth, chromosome number of the cell along with carrying out repairs, healing and regeneration and reproduction of cell.

Robert Brown in 1831 observed nucleus in certain plant cells.
Mimosa cells were boiled in nitric acid by Dutrochet (1837) to separate the cells to conclude that all organic tissues are composed of globular cells, united by simple adhesive forces.