[PDF] 5 chemical properties of carboxylic acid

What Is Carboxylic acid?

A Carboxylic Acid is an organic compound containing a carboxyl functional group. They occur widely in nature and are also synthetically manufactured by humans. Upon deprotonation, carboxylic acids yield a carboxylate anion with the general formula R-COO–, which can form a variety of useful salts such as soaps.

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Definition

Definition

The carboxylic acids are the most important functional group that present C=O. This type of organic compounds can be obtained by different routes, some carboxylic acids, such as citric acid, lactic acid or fumaric acid are produced by fermentation, most of these types of carboxylic acids are applied in the food industry.

Carboxylic Acid Structure

The general formula of a carboxylic acid is R-COOH, where COOH refers to the carboxyl group, and R refers to the rest of the molecule to which this group is attached. In this carboxyl group, there exists a carbon which shares a double bond with an oxygen atom and a single bond with a hydroxyl group. A carboxylic acid’s general formula is R-COOH, wh...

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids

Generally, these organic compounds are referred to by their trivial names, which contain the suffix “-ic acid”. An example of a trivial name for a carboxylic acid is acetic acid (CH3COOH). In the IUPAC nomenclature of these compounds, the suffix “-oic acid” is assigned. The guidelines that must be followed in the IUPAC nomenclature of carboxylic ac...

Carboxylic Acid Examples

Some examples describing the nomenclature of carboxylic acids as per IUPAC guidelines are provided below.

Properties of Carboxylic Acids

Most of the properties of carboxylic acids are a result of the presence of the carboxyl group. Some physical and chemical properties of these compounds are discussed in this subsection.

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What elements are in a carboxylic acid?

carboxylic acid, any of a class of organic compounds in which a carbon (C) atom is bonded to an oxygen (O) atom by a double bond and to a hydroxyl group (?OH) by a single bond. A fourth bond links the carbon atom to a hydrogen (H) atom or to some other univalent combining group. The carboxyl (COOH) group is so-named because of the carbonyl group (C=O) and hydroxyl group.

What is the chemical formula for carboxylic acid?

What is Carboxylic Acid Formula? The general molecular formula for carboxylic acid is C n H 2n+1 COOH. Carboxylic acids are nothing but organic compounds in which the carbon atom is bonded with an oxygen atom in the form of a double bond. The carbon atom can also be bonded to a hydroxyl group (?OH) by a single bond.

Why is carboxylic acid called weak acid?

Unlike mineral acids, the carboxylic acids (of the form RCOOH) do not completely ionise. They partially ionise to give H+ and RCOO-. Therefore they are called weak acids. Methanol on oxidation in the presence of a strong oxidising agent like alkaline KMnO4 produces methanoic acid.

What is the empirical formula for carboxylic acid?

What is the empirical formula of carboxylic acid? The general formula for the carboxylic acids is C nH 2n+1COOH (where n is the number of carbon atoms in the molecule, minus 1). What is the empirical formula of copper oxide?

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