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2019 State of the

Water Indu

stry Report

Executive SummaryIdeal crop marks

©2019 AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION

2 "We're excited about the increase in optimism in the survey results. While statistically valid, it remains to be seen whether the increase represents a continuing positive trend. I think it does addressing challenges. While there is more to do, we are better important resource. We'll be watching."

David LaFrance, CEO, AWWA

2019 STATE OF THE WATER INDUSTRY REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY3

STATE OF THE WATER INDUSTRY

4.87 4.81 4.73

4.644.70

4.634.614.654.63

4.514.56

4.464.47

4.344.474.855.00

4.904.86

4.79

4.584.64

4.574.514.54

4.364.47

4.354.394.344.434.69

4.004.204.404.604.805.005.20

4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60 4.80 5.00

CurrentIn 5 Years

CurrentIn 5 Years

5.00 4.90 4.86 4.79

4.584.64

4.57

4.514.54

4.364.47

4.354.394.344.434.694.87

4.81 4.73

4.644.70

4.634.614.654.63

4.514.56

4.464.47

4.344.474.85

Water sector shows upswing in optimism

Water professionals are currently more optimistic about the health of the sector than they've been in the past 15 years, according to insights from the American Water Works Asso ciation's (AWWA) 2019 State of the Water Industry Report. The annual report illuminates the current challenges,

opportunities and trends impacting the water community. The 2019 report summarizes data from a survey of utility

and non-utility professionals in the United States and Cana- da. When asked to rate the current health of the industry based on a 1-7 scale, with 1 being "not at all sound" and 7 being "very sound," participants' scores averaged

4.85. This is an 8.5 percent increase from the 4.47 score

from the 2018 report and marks the second consecutive increase after 13 successive years of decline. slightly less so. In the 2019 report, the average score for the compared to 4.43 in the 2018 report. This also is a second consecutive upswing after 13 years of decline. in the industry, including affordability, cybersecurity and developing regulatory concerns. The views included in the annual survey report inform the decisions of utilities and service providers, support water professionals and guide the water community in safeguard ing public health, serving communities and protecting the environment. They also help inform AWWA's legislative, regulatory and advocacy priorities.

Full report available at awwa.org/SOTWI

30%
15% 55%
Water utilitiesService providers, academia, science, regulators, retired professionalsConsulting firms/consultants

SURVEY PARTICIPANTS BY ORGANIZATION TYPE

©2019 AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION

4 and working with partners to address pressing challenges."

Kurt Vause, Chair, AWWA Water Utility Council

2019 STATE OF THE WATER INDUSTRY REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY5

Most critical issue: renewal and replacement of infrastructure These are the top issues and challenges currently impacting ranked some combination of these issues as the most pressing in the sector for several years.

While aging infrastructure is the top concern for

medium-sized through very large utilities, small utility personnel ranked their top challenges as water sources and rights to those sources. All utilities, regardless of size, are concerned about aging workforces and anticipated retirements.

Learn more: Transformative Issues Symposium on

Workforce, Aug. 7-9, 2019, Washington, D.C. • Buried No Longer report • Thinking Outside the Bill report • Public Com-

Recent funding successes spur progress

Toward the end of 2018, AWWA and the water sector

celebrated successes in their efforts to generate additional funding for infrastructure repair and replacement and drinking water protection. These included: Passage of America's Water Infrastructure Act (AWIA) of 2018, which removed the "pilot" designation from the Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (WIFIA) - a signature AWWA legislative achievement. WIFIA is expected to support $12 billion in loans for water and wastewater projects in 2019. AWIA also reauthorized the Drinking Water State Revolving Loan Fund (DWSRLF) and funded it at $1.174 billion. Congress passed a 2018 farm bill that expands funding for drinking water protection. The efforts of AWWA and its conservation programs, such as a requirement that the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) spend at least 10 percent of conservation dollars on source water protection, totaling $4 billion over the next 10 years. of Agriculture Tools to Support Source Water Protection

• M21 Groundwater

2019 ISSUES FACING THE WATER SECTOR

RANKINGCATEGORY

1 Renewal and replacement of aging water and wastewater infrastructure

2Financing for capital improvements

3Long-term water supply availability

4 Public understanding of the value of water systems and services

5Watershed/source water protection

6Public understanding of the value of water resources

7Groundwater management and overuse

8Aging workforce/anticipated retirements

9Emergency preparedness

10 11 Governing board acceptance of future water and wastewater rate increases

12Compliance with current regulations

13Compliance with future regulations

14Talent attraction and retention

15 Public acceptance of future water and wastewater rate increases

17Cybersecurity issues

18Asset management

19Drought or periodic water shortages

20

Improving customer, constituent, and community

relationships

21Data management

22Water loss control

25Water rights

26Water quality issues from premise plumbing systems

27Expanding water reuse/reclamation

28Financing for water research

29Physical security issues

30Climate risk and resiliency

©2019 AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION

6 stakeholders outside our industry."

Angela Bricmont, Chief of Finance, Denver Water

2019 STATE OF THE WATER INDUSTRY REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY7

Even with growing federal loans support, the ability to replacement remains a top water sector concern. Forty-six percent of utilities reported adequate access to capital in the 2019 report, declining from 53% in 2018 and below the running average of 53%. by previous generations are approaching or have exceeded their useful lives and need renewal and replacement.

Ability to recover costs through rates and fees

recover the cost of providing services through customer rates and fees, including infrastructure renewal and replace- ment and expansion needs. As the useful lives of infrastructure systems come to an end, managers and the communities they serve must address these costs, sometimes through unwelcome rate increases. Each system has its own unique rate-setting challenges based on current conditions, recent developments and longer-term history.AWWA's Policy Statement on Accounting, Financing, and Rates states, "AWWA believes that the public can best be provided water and wastewater services by self-sustaining based on sound utility accounting, management and

The policy also states, "Revenues from water and

wastewater service charges, user rates, and capital maintenance of working capital and required reserves, and Learn more: 2019 Water and Wastewater Rates Survey • M1 Groundwater • M54 Developing Rates for Small Systems • Buried No Longer report

35%0%5%10%15%20%25%30%

Better than any time in the past 5 years

As good as any time in the past 5 years

Similar to most of the past 5 years

As bad as any time in the past 5 years

Worse than any time in the past 5 years

31.0%
30.9%
4.8% 5.1% 15.2%

ACCESS TO CAPITAL TO FINANCE INFRASTRUCTURE

Participants (%)

Current

Participants (%)

10.3% 17.6% 18.9% 22.2%

Future30.6%

28.1%
20.9%
16.9% 19.3% 15.1%

Not at all able

Slightly able

Moderately able

Very able

Fully able

ABILITY TO COVER CURRENT AND FUTURE COSTS

©2019 AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION

8

"The San Diego County Water Authority has embraced smart, long-term water conservation and investment strategies

Jim Madaffer, Board Chair, San Diego County Water Authority

2019 STATE OF THE WATER INDUSTRY REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY9

Managing water supplies with conservation, innovation Another critical water issue is the ability to meet long-term water supply needs. Of the utility participants, 14% indicated their systems were “not at all" or “slightly prepared" to meet In addition, 55% indicated their utilities are very or fully pre- short-term water supply management tool. Of the utility restrictions and 53% had voluntary restrictions for up to mandatory restrictions in the past decade. In addition to water restrictions, utilities sponsor water conservation programs to emphasize lasting improvements quality of life standards. Of the utility participants in the survey, 42% said they have fully-developed drought management or water shortage contingency plans. From the supply side of the equation, more utilities are looking at augmenting and diversifying their traditional water sources through newer, innovative strategies including potable reuse, stormwater reuse and desalination. Learn more: M52 Water Conservation Programs: A Planning Manual • G485-18 Direct Potable Reuse Program Operation and Management • Potable Reuse 101 report • M60 Drought

Preparedness and Response

AWWA MEMBER INSIGHT

Dur ing a record drought from 2010 to 2015, the City of

Wichita Falls, Texas, successfully implemented an

emergency direct potable reuse project, fully using its water for over a year. The reuse, as well as conservation and drought restrictions, allowed the city to cut summer demand on water reservoirs by 80 percent and maintain reservoir levels for 12 months. After the drought, Wichita Falls converted to a permanent indirect potable reuse project with continued community support for potable reuse for long-term water resource management. "We spent a lot of time educating the public about the high quality of wastewa- and processes used for drinking water citizens were extremely accepting of direct potable 45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Fully prepared 17% Very prepared 38%

Moderately

prepared 27%

Slightly

prepared 10%

Not at all

prepared 4%

MEETING LONG-TERM SUPPLY NEEDS

0%20%40%60%80%100%

2% 4% 73%
6% 2% 4% 75%
7% 5% 6% 68%
10% 1% 1% 86%
2% 3% 2% 81%
3% Urban stormwater recovery for nonpotable or potable reuse

Direct potable reuse

Indirect potable reuse

Desalination of seawater

Desalination of brackish groundwater

Fully implemented

In developmentNoYes

AUGMENTING WATER SUPPLIES

©2019 AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION

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